1852, Fukushima Yasumasa was born in a declining samurai family in Matsumoto, Xinzhou. Fukushima Yasumasa's mother died when she was two years old, and she lived with her grandmother. At the age of eight, Fukushima Yasumasa formally learned civil and military skills from his teacher, and his talent and self-motivation soon showed up. 1865, 13-year-old Fukushima Yasumasa came to edo to further receive western-style military education. With his amazing language talent, he reads a lot of English books hungrily every day. In order to learn English. Cash-strapped Fukushima even copied a thick English-Japanese dictionary.
Later, Fukushima was able to master five foreign languages: English, French, German, Chinese and Russian. In addition to his extraordinary language talent, what is more important is his unremitting efforts. In his own words,; The most important thing for a person is to be patient.
From 65438 to 0874, Meiji government recruited talents proficient in English. Fukushima, who worked as an interpreter in the Ministry of Justice at that time, was selected by the War Department to become the secretary of Yamagata Aritomo's chief of staff, responsible for collecting overseas intelligence for Yamagata Aritomo. Fukushima Yasumasa began to embark on the road of intelligence.
In Fukushima Yasumasa's eyes, valuable information can never be obtained through a bottle of paste and a pair of scissors in a pile of documents. It is impossible to grasp real first-hand information simply by swallowing other people's research results. I believe in Fukushima; I will believe it when I see it. Only by visiting in person can we know the real situation. With this belief, Fukushima Yasumasa often traveled overseas all his life, and deeply realized that the country is an organism closely integrated with people, and geography and politics are inseparable. Therefore, we should judge a country's comprehensive national strength from the perspective of geopolitics.
From 65438 to 0879, the military intelligence reconnaissance of Qing Dynasty made Fukushima Yasumasa go abroad for the first time. After the Opium War, the Qing Dynasty became a powerful country in Europe and America. Japan has long coveted fish. Fukushima Yasumasa wrote to Yamagata Aritomo, pointing out that the lifeline of Japanese defense lies in the Korean Peninsula and Chinese mainland. I hope to enter China for intelligence reconnaissance and get Yamagata Aritomo's approval. Pretending to be from China, Fukushima conducted a five-month field reconnaissance in Shanghai, Dagu, Tianjin, Beijing and Inner Mongolia. After returning to China, the reconnaissance results of Fukushima were compiled into "A Brief Introduction to Soldiers in Neighbouring Countries" and "Compilation of Military Systems in Qing Dynasty" and reported to Emperor Meiji.
Later, Fukushima visited China several times to spy on information and made the following judgment on the Qing Dynasty at that time: one of the fatal weaknesses of the Qing Dynasty was blatant bribery, which was the root of all evil. However, the Qing people did not reflect on this, from the emperor's minister to the soldier's slave. This is an incurable disease of the Great Qing Dynasty, so the country is no match for Japan at all. In the subsequent Sino-Japanese War, the fact that the Qing Dynasty was defeated irrefutably verified Fukushima Yasumasa's prediction. Yamagata Aritomo and other senior officials highly appreciated Fukushima's keen observation and accurate judgment.
During the negotiation of Tianjin Treaty from 65438 to 0885, Fukushima became the attache of Japanese Ambassador Plenipotentiary Ito Bowen and participated in the whole negotiation process.
Then, in order to understand the British colonial rule and study the competition trend between Britain and Russia in Asia and its influence on Japan's security, Fukushima turned its attention to Southeast Asia and India. 1885, Fukushima was ordered; Visit Hong Kong, Myanmar, India and go deep into Afghanistan. When he returned, he kissed.
These reports have played a vital role in the Japanese authorities' correct judgment of the international and domestic situation.
1887, Fukushima Yasumasa was appointed as the Japanese military attache in Germany. During his five years in Germany, he inspected the situation of European countries in detail, and the trend of Russia attracted his great attention. Under the pressure of Britain, Russia's traditional southward policy was forced to slow down, and Fukushima Yasumasa correctly predicted that Russia would inevitably turn to the East. Sure enough, in 189 1 1 year, Russia announced the plan to build trans-siberian railway, and immediately started construction. This railway, which connects the Russian capitals of Petersburg and Vladivostok and spans Eurasia, can be said to be the biggest weapon for Russia to invade Asia.
Trans-siberian railway runs across the northeast of China, and there is a branch line from Harbin to the south, which goes directly to Lushun and Dalian, which can facilitate Russian entry into Asia. It is predicted that this railway in Fukushima will take about ten years. He believes that this decade is a life-and-death decade for Japan, and Japan must not stand idly by.
In order to grasp the actual situation of Russia's eastward policy, Fukushima decided to personally conduct on-the-spot reconnaissance along the Siberian railway. This bold plan was immediately strongly supported by Zoroku Kawakami, deputy chief of staff. Because the military status of Fukushima will expose the purpose of the crossing plan, Fukushima announced that it would make a solo adventure trip across Siberia during the severe cold. Even a native Russian is afraid to cross Siberia in severe winter, let alone a foreigner with no experience in cold regions.
When the Fukushima statement came out, the world was in an uproar. Western explorers gave it to him; The plan to cross the river was sneered at, and everyone was waiting to see this Japanese joke. But Fukushima Yasumasa is very determined. He knows what this plan means to Japan.
1992 February 1 1, Fukushima and Aiqi; The Triumph departed from Germany and went north in the cold of MINUS 20 degrees Celsius. In late March, after arriving in Petersburg, Fukushima gave the first copy to the Japanese chief of staff.
In late September, Fukushima arrived at the Sino-Russian boundary mountain; ; Mount Altai at an altitude of more than 3000 meters. Seen from Altai Mountain, it is covered with snow. At this point, Fukushima has walked 7,000 kilometers and completed half the journey.
Fukushima Yasumasa welcomed 1893 during the trip. The coldest period in Siberia is from the end of 10 to February of the following year, and the temperature reaches MINUS 50 degrees. Russians hardly go out in such a cold winter, but Fukushima is tenacious in the desolate ice and snow with amazing will. Finally, with tenacious perseverance, Fukushima walked out of Siberia. Along the warmer Heilongjiang all the way south into China, Fukushima Yasumasa spent more than two months spying on the military situation in Aihui, Qiqihar, Jilin and other places. After more than a year of hard work, Fukushima has been exhausted.
He finally reached the terminal; ; Vladivostok. In this trans-Siberian operation, Fukushima Yasumasa changed at least 8 horses, which lasted 488 days and traveled 14000 kilometers, creating a miracle in the history of intelligence reconnaissance.
The Japanese living in Radivostock greeted Fukushima with ecstasy. It is reported all over the world that he rode across Siberia alone. Fukushima Yasumasa became a world celebrity. Emperor Meiji specially awarded him the Third-Class Medal of the Rising Sun and hosted a banquet in person. The first-hand information obtained by Fukushima Yasumasa crossing the river became an important information guarantee for Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War.
It is far from enough for a country's intelligence work to rely only on the strength of a few people. Only after long-term operation can a huge and effective intelligence network be formed. Fukushima is also an expert in this field.
During the Boxer Rebellion, Fukushima participated in Eight-Nation Alliance as the commander of major general. Proficient in Chinese and other languages, he became the host of the Allied Commanders' Meeting, which won the favor of Qing officials and created good external conditions for his intelligence work in China. During this period, Fukushima introduced his younger generation Chuan Dao to participate; Asia-Pacific Association, and went to Chinese mainland to create the world.
; During the Boxer Rebellion, he worked as an interpreter in the army and became brothers because he was kind to Prince Su. Prince Su adopted his 14th daughter as his adopted daughter, sent her to Matsumoto Girls' Middle School in Japan, and became a Japanese spy after returning home. This is the famous female spy; ; Chuan Dao yoshiko.
1994 In February, Fukushima developed a Japanese doctor, Kozo Nakano, who practiced medicine in Singapore through contacts. The latter took advantage of his work to report the movement of the Russian fleet to Fukushima, so that Japan could seize the opportunity to wait for the opportunity and defeat the Russian fleet.
1903, Fukushima planned the visit of King Karachin of Mongolia to Japan, and recommended Fu Heyuan, the daughter of relatives and friends, as the education consultant of the Mongolian royal family. Before and after the Russo-Japanese War, Cao Zi of Heyuan cooperated with the strength of the Prince and the Soviet Union. In addition to collecting intelligence, he also secretly organized personnel to destroy the railway, which played a significant role in containing the Russian army.
Because Tibet is a mysterious buffer zone between Britain and Russia, Fukushima recruited a young monk, Benwanya, through the Patriotic Women's Association in 1899 to collect information in Tibet. 1907, Temple Ben was ordered to invite Dalai to visit Japan, and Fukushima himself planned to go to Wutai Mountain to meet Dalai. Later, the plan was informed by Britain and Russia and was forced to suspend.
During the Russo-Japanese War, Fukushima Yasumasa was in charge of intelligence work and established a complete intelligence network. Under the command of Fukushima, the battlefield information, literature information and inside information of the Japanese army were carried out in an orderly manner, which confirmed each other. Such beautiful intelligence work was unexpected by the Russians.
To this day, Russia is still worried about the fiasco of the war 100 years ago. Not long ago, a Russian media published an article saying that Russia lost the intelligence war in the Russo-Japanese War. Russia knows nothing about Japan, and Japan has infiltrated intelligence work into every pore. How can Russia be invincible?
Fukushima Yasumasa is good at observing, experiencing and contacting local key figures, government officials, soldiers, scholars and even ordinary people from the perspective of national strategic intelligence, understanding local customs, national feelings and armaments, and then analyzing its national strength, thus serving Japanese foreign and military policies. Fukushima Yasumasa must carry with him a summary of the Indian situation translated from the United States. This booklet has played a great role in helping him collect information and matters needing attention in enemy-occupied areas.
19 14, Fukushima Yasumasa, who started as a translator and had almost no practical experience, was promoted to the rank of general, becoming the first person in the field of intelligence to be awarded the rank of general.
On the other hand, its content reflects the Japanese mentality towards China in the past hundred years!