One (Jia Mu)
The monkey stood lightly at the top of the tree.
-Litchi
[Notes]
1. Standing on the treetop-synonymous with "standing branches". "Li" and "Li" are homophonic, so the answer is litchi.
[Appreciation]
The moral of Jia Mu's riddle is to suggest that in the future, the so-called "the tree falls apart". This proverb, which was solemnly mentioned when Qin dreamed of predicting Jia's funeral, was not picked casually by the author, but based on the truth of life. It is no secret to those who know Cao Shi's family a little, because it was once the mantra of Cao Xueqin's ancestors, and almost no one knows it among relatives and friends. For example, there is a poem "Twenty years ago, the West Pavilion (Cao Yin's study) was closed", and the note reads: "Cao Lian was sitting in the pavilion reciting Buddhist words, but he said to the guests,' The tree fell and scattered'. Today, I recalled this sentence and the wheel turned. " Of course, this can only prove that the novel is based on life and cannot be regarded as a family heirloom. The first riddle in the novel (Jia Huan's riddle has nothing to do with it) is used to imply this proverb, just to point out the fate of the whole Jia family first. According to our understanding, Dashu is actually the political privilege and status of this complex ancient family under the protection of the imperial court. In Jia's patriarchal hierarchy, the "ancestor" Jia is the supreme parent. If we use this proverb as a metaphor, she is like an old monkey standing at the top of a tree.
The second part (Jia Zheng)
From the end, the body is hard.
Although you can't say it, you must say it.
inkstone
[Notes]
1. Double homophonic "pen".
[Appreciation]
This riddle is very suitable for Jia Zheng's ideological and personality characteristics. The so-called "extreme" coincides with Leng Zixing's second statement that he is "honest", just like saying that he is "disciplined". In fact, he is hypocritical, full of benevolence and righteousness, pretending to be serious. The so-called "hard" means that the mind is dry and stubborn in winter, just like granite. Although he is "cool and good at reading" and believes in "poetry is like a cloud", he is "speechless". As soon as he opened his mouth, Baoyu refuted him. But if "home" and "have something to say", then he will definitely "answer". We have seen this in Chapter 18: As long as Jia Fei reads poetry, "Jia Zheng and others praise it."
Third (Jia Yuanchun)
It can destroy the devil's guts and make him feel like a bundle of silk and thunder.
A loud noise was frightening, and when I looked back, it had turned to dust.
firecracker
[Notes]
1. "Can be made" sentence-superstitious legend says that firecrackers can drive away ghosts and evil spirits.
2. Like a bundle of silk-describe firecrackers as a bundle of rolled silk. If you describe a woman's figure together.
3. Looking back-refers to looking back in the blink of an eye, but also hides death, because "looking back" is a graceful word in Buddhism to call laity death (in the words of Mr. wu shichang).
[Appreciation]
It goes without saying that the scattered firecrackers only reflect the fleeting fate of Jia Yuanchun's wealth and glory. In A Dream of Red Mansions, Yuan Chun once took his own death as a lesson and advised his father to "step back and step out" in officialdom to avoid the coming disaster. It can be seen that her early death is indeed related to the decline of the forces she relied on in the infighting among various factions within the royal family, not because of the "prominent family, fat body" and "occasional cold" mentioned in the sequel. In this way, when she entered the palace as a princess and became famous, it was not difficult to understand that the hostile political forces, the so-called "demons", were so frightened that the Jia family suddenly got the support of the royal family. After reading the second half of the lost manuscript, Zhi Yanzhai said that Yuan Chun's death was a "big festival, the key to the whole book" (the eighteenth batch of Geng Chen Ben and Qi Xu Ben), which can help us understand the real reason for Jia Fu's "crushing defeat".
Fourth place (Jia Yingchun)
It is hard to be lucky if you are lucky, and it is hard to be lucky if you are lucky.
Why is the town in chaos? Just because the number of yin and yang is different.
-abacus
[Notes]
1. "Auspicious" sentence-abacus is dialed by hand, so it is called "manpower"; These children are either in contact or apart, and no one knows whether they are separated or combined until the "number" is calculated, depending on what the doomed result is, so it is called "fate". It's hard to understand that the outcome is clearly determined by people, but it is unpredictable without the change of people's will, so it is said that "reason is not poor." If "Hao" is destined to separate two sons, no matter how you dial it, you will never meet. The pun here is very obvious.
2. Town Day-all day. "Town" and "whole" are connected.
3. Yin and Yang-refers to odd and even numbers, and generally refers to numbers. The number of each operation is different, and the number of one, five and ten represented by the abacus is also different. No wonder you've been advancing and retreating all day, adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing. Another meaning of "yin and yang" can refer to men and women and husband and wife. Another meaning of "number" is fate, and bad luck is also called "odd number". Cheng Gaoben's "only for" is "because", the same as the third sentence. "Different" as "unreasonable" is also wrong.
[Appreciation]
This is a metaphor that in the future, Yingchun will marry Sun Shaozu, a Zhongshan wolf, and will be beaten and scolded, and will never be able to live a peaceful life. According to Unfortunate, the husband she married is not human.
Fifth (Jia Tanchun)
When the child is on his back, Qingming makeup is the most suitable.
Don't complain to the east wind when your hair is weak.
kite
[Notes]
1. Back-refers to looking up at the kite.
2. "Qingming" sentence-the east wind that is constantly oriented in spring is the most suitable time to fly kites. Make-up points adorn Tomb-Sweeping Day.
3. gossamer-this refers to the flying silk floating in the air in spring, which is spit out by insects. This is the kite string. Huns, all of them.
[Appreciation]
This is a broken kite, suggesting that Tanchun is far from home. In Atlas Judgment, she said that "Qingming tears are sent to the river to see", and here she clicked Qingming, which shows that Qingming was the time when she left home and got married in the lost manuscript. In this way, the hidden meaning of "makeup point" is the bride's grooming. In the sequel, she put her marriage in the autumn when the leaves are falling, and obviously didn't notice the hint in the poem.
Sixth (Jia Xichun)
My predecessor never achieved anything, nor did he listen to spiritual songs or Buddhist scriptures.
Mo Tao sank into the Black Sea in his life, and his sexuality was bright.
—— Foqianhai Lantern
[Notes]
This poem was deleted from the prefaces of A Dream of Red Mansions (Chen Jiaban for short), A Dream of Red Mansions Manuscript and Cheng Gaoben. Di Baoxian once criticized Qi Xu and said, "The mystery of cherishing spring is the essence of the book. It is extremely absurd to delete it in this book. " According to Chen Geng and Xu Qi.
1. Hue, a Buddhist term, refers to the shape and appearance of everything. In the past, it was also used to refer to a woman's volume appearance. Here, people are said by a lamp, and people's emptiness and beauty and inability to enjoy happiness are all attributed to past lives. The lamp in front of the Buddha Sea, the ever-burning lamp, is located in front of the Buddha statue in the temple. A large amount of oil was stored in the lamp and burned in the flame for many years. Judging from the gorgeous appearance (color tone) of the lamp, it seems that it should be used in busy places like other lamps, but now it is just the opposite, so I say so.
2. Lingge-Lingge couplet in Yuefu poems, which mostly praises the love of young men and women. "Not listening to Brother Ling" means "seeing through the world of mortals".
3. Sink into the Black Sea-Buddhism means that you will be cut off from the glory and joy of the world forever. In the eyes of the world, this is tantamount to sinking into the bottom of the sea without a glimmer of light. The sea lantern hangs in the silent and lonely Buddhist temple, and its appearance is not bright, so it is said. Black Sea, with a preface, was originally named Mohai. Mohai is a synonym for inkstone, which comes from Chen Ben today.
4. "Sex" sentence-the sea lamp looks dull and there is a flame inside. As a religious sermon. "Six Ancestors Tanjing Doubts" Chapter III: "Sex exists in the body and mind, and sex is not good for the body and mind. Buddha works in nature, not outside. Self-reliance is a sentient being and self-knowledge is a Buddha. " Sex, Buddhists believe that there is so-called eternal "sex" in human beings. The question is whether we can realize and maintain it. This is naked idealism propaganda. Great light, also known as Buddha. In the 25th chapter, I wrote about the donation of sesame oil to Baoyu by Grandmother Jia. Ma Daopo said, "There is a great light bodhisattva in the west, who takes care of dark and evil things", and "This sea lamp is the statue of the bodhisattva, and dare not rest day and night".
[Appreciation]
In this mysterious poem, although the author borrowed some Buddhist words, such as "hue" and "sex", its intention is obviously not to persuade people to believe in Buddhism, but only to show the destination of cherishing spring. Judging from the fact that she was also classified as an "unlucky secretary" and said that she was "poor" in judgment, the theory that "sex has great light" is at best just writing Xi Chun's thoughts when her future is desperate. It is no wonder that when reading this riddle, Zhi Yanzhai, who stands on the position of safeguarding the interests of that big family, thought of the tragic ending of "Cherishing Spring for Ni" written in the second half of Cao Xueqin's manuscript and could not help but sigh: "What a pity that the imperial court spent a lot of money begging without clothes!" (Geng) In fact, she did sink into the "Black Sea" without "light".
Seventh (Xue Baochai)
Who brings two sleeves of cigarettes in the morning? There is always no chance by the piano.
You don't need a chicken to report, and you don't need a maid to add five nights.
Jiao Shouchao returned to dusk, and his heart exploded day by day.
Time flies, we must cherish it, rain or shine will change.
-More fragrant
[Notes]
Judging from the early "Fat Book" ending with "The Mystery of Cherishing Spring" and the fact that the poem was written and approved that "Qin died this time unfinished", this poem is probably the representative work of the author in the first draft of A Dream of Red Mansions. Later, someone made up two enigmatic poems by Baoyu and Baochai and changed this one to Lin Daiyu.
More fragrant, it is a kind of fragrance that can be used for timing. At night, the night watchman burns incense to set the time, or a stick counts as a watch, or the number of watches is determined according to the marks on the incense.
1. The sentence of "Chaoba"-Du Fu's poem "Early Chao Daming Palace with Jia Zhi": "Chaoba is full of sleeves". He said that he came back early in the morning, and his sleeves still smelled of the palace stove. Now it's a little different. To say "two-sleeve cigarettes" is to hide the word "incense". "Two-sleeve cigarette" refers to two-sleeve type with empty hands. Ask "who carries it", Du Fu's poems have been renovated. After glory, mystery means nothing.
2. The sentence "beside the piano"-inherit the previous sentence, explain what it is, and use the exclusion method. There are many kinds of incense, such as piano, chess, books and paintings, but there are fuming stoves and smoking cages for smoking bedding and clothes (the ancient giants skillfully made "incense burners in quilts", see Xijing Miscellanies), so they don't have to smell much, so they are called "unlucky". This moral also continues the meaning of the previous sentence, that is, nothing can be obtained. On the relationship between husband and wife. Sleep together at night and play the piano during the day to show closeness and happiness. Poem Nan Zhou Guanluo: "My Fair Lady is my friend." Cheng Gaoben always writes "two".
3. "Chou Xiao" sentence-this pair of couplets is more fragrant. Chou Xiao, the moment in the morning. Piece refers to the bamboo piece used for timing in ancient times. Chicken man, the guardian in charge of time in ancient palaces. There are no domestic chickens in the palace. There are full-time guards who don't sleep at night, wearing scarlet (a red cloth headscarf symbolizing the cock's comb), waiting outside the palace gate to announce the dawn to the palace when the cock crows. Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "The Morning of Daming Palace and Jia Zhi": "Those who are jealous of chickens should announce their preparations". Later, Li Shangyin said, "If you don't have a chicken, report it" to satirize Yang Guifei who died in Maweipo. Cao Xueqin renewed his mind and changed "no reply" to "no need", saying that the timing was more fragrant and just right.
4. Five nights-that is, five nights. In ancient times, one night was divided into five equal parts, called five nights, five watches or five drums. Incense burner should be spiced, and it will be more fragrant when lit. This sentence uses the word "don't bother", and also digs out the case of Li Qi's poem "Maid plus five Ye Xiang" in Tang Dynasty. The moral of the above two sentences is that people can't sleep all night because of depression.
5. Jiaoshou-incense is lit from the head, so it is called Jiaoshou. Metaphor of human distress. As the saying goes, at a loss.
6. Stir-fried heart-the stick incense has a heart, and the coil incense burns from the outside to the inside, so it is said that it is fried. Buddhists have the word "sweetheart" (meaning sincerity). There is also a kind of incense made into the shape of the word "heart" in seal script, which is called the heart word incense. Blowing one's heart is a metaphor for one's inner pain.
7. "Time" two sentences-more fragrant has nothing to do with the change of rain or shine, but consumes itself as time goes by. Time flies (rěNR?n is dye-fast), and time gradually passes. It must be, it should be. As far as accommodation is concerned, the first sentence is that the beauty is getting old and the youth is pitiful. The second sentence is that although things are unpredictable, I am disheartened, so forget it.
[Appreciation]
If we carefully understand the hidden meaning between the lines of the riddle, it is not difficult to see that this is the end of the author's suggestion of Xue Baochai. After her husband becomes a monk, she will live a lonely and widowed life. Later, the replacement gave Lin Daiyu the ownership of the riddle of this poem, probably because she thought that since Baochai married Baoyu, she should not say that "coincidences in the piano do not make a book", but should refer to Daiyu. In fact, the author's original intention is "Jin Yu Cheng Kong". Daiyu is sick and sentimental, so the two couplets in the middle seem to be useful (there are certainly problems after careful scrutiny, such as "day after day", not for three or two years, but for a long time). Daiyu died short-lived. Of course, she should cherish the Chinese New Year, so it can also be suitable for the sentence "time". As for the last sentence, there are words such as "rain or shine" and "change" that can express change. As long as you don't stick to the word "ren", it is also vague. In the case of incomplete manuscripts, people who can't be demanding supplements also have the same talent as Cao Xueqin. It is not unreasonable to attribute this ingenious mystery poem to the clever and dexterous Lin Daiyu, as long as it can be solved reluctantly, which is in line with the wishes of ordinary readers. But as the author's original intention, we should know that it is not the mystery of Daiyu, which at least proves once again that Baochai did not get any spiritual comfort in the end. It can be seen that the sequel to the book says that Xue Baochai has a "precious son" and will revitalize his family business in the future, and so on, which are all ignorant and dreams of Confucianism.
Eighth place (Jia Baoyu) (increased by later generations)
Sit south facing north.
It seems that you are worried, and it seems that you are happy.
mirror
[Notes]
1. "South" sentence-When a person looks in the mirror, the directions of the person and the shadow in the mirror are opposite, one faces south and the other faces north. The moral is that Baoyu fell in love with Xue after marriage. Seeking truth from facts, "Mencius on Zhang Wan": "Stand in the south, Yao and Shuai kings face north." When some students were asked about the legend that Yao gave the throne to Shun, they answered this way. The emperor's seat is in the south and the courtiers are in the north. Now the word "stand" in the source is changed to "sit", because under normal circumstances, officials "have the face" to see the emperor, and the emperor will not stand.
2. "Happiness and worry"-that is, the image in the mirror is worry, people must be worry, the image is joy, and people must be happy. The moral is another explanation: saying that he seems to be sad, he is really sad; It is said that he looks like a happy event, and it is indeed a happy event. Trouble is due to the death of Daiyu, and happiness refers to marrying Baochai. These eight words also appeared in Mencius and Zhang Wan. The original meaning of "Xiang" is the name of a person, and he is Shun's half-brother. Legend has it that Xiang tried to murder Shun, but Shun's object was still very kind. Q: Didn't Shun know that Xiang wanted to murder himself? Mencius said: it's not that I don't know, it's just "the worry of elephants is the joy of elephants." It means that brothers love each other, which is "human nature" and sometimes they can't control themselves. In order to promote Confucian ethics such as "filial piety" and "loyalty and forgiveness".
[Appreciation]
This song was composed by later generations according to the mystery of the ancient mirror (which was introduced in Feng Menglong's Gui Zhi Yong Er Classic).
Just looking at the riddle itself is also ingenious. One of the titles of this novel is Yue Feng's Treasure Mirror. In A Dream of Red Mansions, there are words like "One is the moon in the water, and the other is the flower in the mirror". In the novel, Jia Baoyu dreamed of Zhen Baoyu in the mirror. These are all related to the "mirror". Therefore, the mirror riddle is used on Baoyu, which not only has the meaning in the annotation, but also implies that it is very suitable for him to return to an empty door. Only in this way, the supplement specially praised Jia Zheng who saw the riddles: "Good, good! If you guess the mirror, wonderful! " Quite complacent. But he didn't realize that the image of Baoyu reflected in this mirror was wearing the crown of Confucianism: Baoyu hated the "Four Books", and although Jia Zheng criticized it many times, by the time of the seventy-third "Supreme Book" Mencius, half of it was embarrassing. If you mention it out of thin air, you must never recite it; The next book, Mencius, will last for most of my life. "Isn't it a great miracle that you can take the second half of Mencius, the least familiar book, out of context, extract its words and easily make riddles? This can only prove that the supplement itself respects such remarks as Lun and Meng, so when it sees this clever mystery, it adds it, but it doesn't pay attention to the moral articles shown by Jia Baoyu, a rebel image. The problem does not stop there. There was no riddle of Baoyu in the preface, so as soon as Jia Zheng left, Xifeng said to Baoyu, "I forgot just now. Why didn't I advise you to write a poem riddle in front of your master? After that, I forgot to change what Xi Feng said. "。 As a result, he just said that his poem "riddle" was "wonderful", and then said that he didn't write the poem "riddle", which formed a contradictory situation.
Tenth (Xue Baochai) (increased by later generations)
As blind as a bat, the belly is empty, and the lotus comes out of the water and greets it happily.
Although the phoenix tree leaves are gone, the loving couple is not in winter.
-Mrs Zhu
[Note] Mrs. Bamboo, also known as bamboo fingers and knees, is made of bamboo strips. It is cylindrical, hollow and perforated, and can be ventilated. It can be held up to enjoy the cool when sleeping in summer. Huang Tingjian, a poet in the Song Dynasty, thought that he was not worthy of being called a lady, so he called it a green slave and later a bamboo slave. 1. The sentence "with eyes"-said that bamboo is hollow. Eyes, that is, holes, come to scold Baoyu. 2. "Lotus" three sentences-said that summer snuggled up to enjoy the cool, autumn and winter were abandoned. It is said that couples have short lives. [Appreciation] This song was also added by later generations. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, Mrs. Zhu has written many poems, some of which say "but follow the autumn fan", some sigh "love and hate move easily", and some say "I'm still in bed with you" and "I'm afraid of the west wind, so don't worry". Although this riddle is more vulgar than the "more fragrant riddle", it only imitates the poems of predecessors and has no innovation. There are also some defects in rhetoric, such as "farewell", which means that three words are difficult to fill in, but the main disadvantage is that it is completely unlike Xue Baochai, that is to say, the author of the sequel is not "making a hat by pressing his head", and the personalization of the poem is precisely one of the most remarkable artistic features that distinguishes the poem A Dream of Red Mansions from other old novels. Xue Baochai is hypocritical and vulgar in thought, but she pays great attention to the etiquette that conforms to everyone's aristocratic status. She has deep self-restraint. In her poems, she takes the prosperous Tang Dynasty as her religion, pursues implication and profundity, and is cautious in words and deeds to show that she is very educated. Xue Baochai, who is so reserved that she can "treasure her beauty and hide from the door during the day", has now broken into houses and cursed "as blind as a bat, her stomach is empty", and even wrote it out and posted it on the Spring Lantern for everyone to watch. Is this unbelievable? Of course, Xue Baochai will swear, but she will never use Aunt Zhao's tone, let alone write poetry. This defender of traditional ethics usually sees her sisters reading and reciting poems, but she pretends to be serious and teaches others with a straight face. How can he write the words "loving couples are less than winter" without scruple now? And Jiang Yuhan and others sang "My daughter is sad, but my husband is gone forever ..." The tone was almost at the prostitute's party! Therefore, it is easy to supplement the obscene novel of "a thousand parts and one cavity, a thousand people have one side" and Cao Xueqin, a great classical masterpiece with the best combination of ideology and artistry. If his thoughts are vulgar and his knowledge is humble, then his words will inevitably not become the dog's tail of mink.