What I saw in the book at night
Ye Shaoweng in the Southern Song Dynasty
The rustling leaves send the cold, and the autumn wind on the river moves the guests.
I know that children pick and promote weaving, and a light falls on the fence at night.
① rustling: wind. Wu: plane tree.
② Guest sentiment: the homesickness of tourists.
③ pick: catch. Promoting weaving: commonly known as crickets, some areas are called crickets.
④ hedge fall: fence.
Author's brief introduction
Ye Shaoweng was a poet in the mid-Southern Song Dynasty, whose surname was Jing Yi. His ancestral home was Jian 'an (now Jian 'ou, Fujian), and his surname was Li. His heir was Ye in Longquan (now Lishui, Zhejiang). The year of birth and death is unknown. He lived in seclusion for a long time on the shore of Qiantang West Lake and sang with Ge Tianmin. Ye Shaoweng is a Jianghu poet, and his poems are best in seven-character quatrains, such as "It's not worth going to the park": "You should feel sorry for your fangs and seal the moss, but you can't leave Chai Fei for a long time. "The garden can't be shut up in spring, and an almond comes out of the wall." It has always been told by people. Others, such as what you can see in the night book, write that children pick up at night to promote weaving, and the scene is vivid, which reflects the loneliness among the guests; "Jiaxing boundary" describes the scenery of Jiangnan water town, which is quite rich in flavor; "Tian Jia San Yong" describes the fragments of Tian Jia's life, which is simple and implicit, and the words are light and far-reaching.
Appreciation
The rustling autumn wind blows the leaves of Wu trees, bringing chills, and the poets who are traveling abroad can't help but miss their hometown. He suddenly saw the lights under the fence in the distance, and thought it was children catching crickets. This poem is about homesickness, but the author doesn't write about how to live alone in a lonely house and miss his hometown, but focuses on small scenes at night. He couldn't sleep late at night. Through the window, he saw a lamp burning between fences not far away. So he understood that there were children catching and promoting weaving. Pick, read the sound, refers to gently dig out crickets from the cracks with twigs. This picture made him feel very cordial, and perhaps he remembered his hometown and childhood. The word "pick" is used with great accuracy.
Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty said: "This scene is what Jiang Kui said in Qi Tianle about crickets:' Laughing at the fence and breathing smoke, children in the world.' "If Chen Tingzhuo's comment on Jiang Ci is added:" It is most wonderful to reflect the wishes of a willing heart with the joy of ignorant children "("Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua "Volume II), you can imagine the poet's deep sorrow at this time.
Appreciation:
① The author expressed a feeling of homesickness, homesickness and homesickness.
in the poem, one or two sentences are written about the leaves flying, the cold sounds bursting, the autumn wind rustling, and the river boat drifting, which effectively set off the poet's desolate mood of living in a foreign country and wandering around. Three or four sentences describing children's life scenes of playing tricks on crickets with burning lamps naturally lead to the poet's association. He will remember that his childhood was so naive, romantic, happy and interesting; He will think of the warmth and beauty of his hometown; He will think of the voices and smiles of his relatives and friends ... A feeling of being at home, like returning to childhood.
② Poems express the author's lonely feeling of living in a foreign land and returning to no fixed place.
one or two sentences describe the scenery, which sets off the wandering, lonely and desolate feeling of the wanderer by the falling leaves, the rustling autumn wind and the chilly air. A river is full of autumn water, the sky is dark, and the ears are cold. The poet can't sleep all night. It must be that his heart is depressed and his meaning is not smooth. Write three or four sentences about children catching crickets at night, with high interest, subtly contrasting the sadness, and showing the loneliness and helplessness of living in a foreign country.
③ Poetry expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of nostalgia for childhood.
Looking at the whole poem, on the whole, three or four sentences are what the poet saw. Children catch crickets at night with great interest, forgetting the autumn wind and the chill, ignoring the falling of trees, the cold weather in Qiu Jiang, and catching crickets with relish at midnight. That obsession, that caution, that ups and downs of sensitivity, all in a gesture of gestures. This cheerful and interesting life scene naturally evokes the poet's pursuit and nostalgia for his childhood. One or two sentences can also be understood in this way. autumn scenery, with the rustling sound and the swaying leaves, reveals a feeling of drift and inexplicably melancholy, which further reflects the poet's nostalgia and yearning for his carefree childhood when he lives in a foreign country.
(2) topic: ① borrowing scenery to express feelings and blending scenes.
all four sentences in the poem are about scenery. Write one or two sentences about the natural environment, and three or four sentences about the scene of life. The falling trees are rustling, the cold sounds are bursting, and the autumn wind is Qiu Jiang, conveying the feeling of drifting and desolation; Playing tricks on crickets, children are happy, revealing the meaning of getting carried away and forgetting the fish. One sadness and one joy, set off each other, all blend in the environmental description without trace.
② combine the dynamic with the static.
Autumn leaves, autumn wind, autumn sounds, Qiu Jiang, autumn lights, autumn children, autumn boats and autumn meaning are all written and moved vividly, with light and shadow; Dark as ink, deep and unpredictable, boundless darkness, this is writing quietly, quiet and cold, full of melancholy. Whistling wind and naughty children, these dynamic scenes skillfully reflect the deep silence in the middle of the night in late autumn, and even arouse people's appreciation of the poet's sad and sleepless mind in the cold and quiet night.
③ Contrast sadness with joy, so that joy sets off sadness.
One or two sentences describe the scenery, the autumn wind sweeps away the fallen leaves, and the long sky sends chill, which is a sad scene and conveys sadness; Write three or four sentences about people, pick and promote weaving in the middle of the night, and the bright lights shine on the fence, which is a happy scene and spreads joy. Sadness and joy are mixed, and joy sets off sadness, which shows the loneliness, helplessness and sleeplessness of wandering wanderers.
④ convey feelings and express ideas, and use allusions in secret.
"The autumn wind on the river moves the guests" uses Hans Zhang's allusions in secret. It is said that Hans Zhang, a Jin official living in Luoyang, missed his hometown when he saw the autumn wind, so he resigned and returned to his hometown, but his wish was fulfilled. Knowing this, it is naturally easy to understand, and the poem conveys the poet's thoughts and feelings that he has lived away from home for a long time, can't go home, and misses his family.
⑤ personification and synaesthesia add luster.
"Xiao Xiao Wu leaves send a cold sound, and the autumn wind on the river moves the guests' feelings". One "send" and one "move" embodies feelings in things, giving Wu Ye and the autumn wind a human mood. It seems that these poems of material state and emotion have brought readers into an artistic conception of sending cold wind and moving Qiu Jiang, and they are obsessed with it and full of melancholy. "The rustling leaves send the cold sound" skillfully uses synaesthesia, urges the feeling of cold autumn with the rustling sound, and communicates the tactile feeling with the auditory image, which is meaningful.
⑥ choose your words carefully, and "cold" and "pick" are vivid.
both sides of the word "cold" have the feeling that the autumn wind is cold and threatening, and they also have the meaning of being stranded in the world. The word "pick" is interesting in the details. Children's concentration, sensitivity, and refinement, children's breath-holding observation, surprise and excitement, all in one "pick". "Pick out" the character and "pick out" the charm!
⑦ combine the virtual with the real to reflect the virtual.
The four sentences in the poem describe the scenery, and what you see and hear, whether bright or dark, are all realistic. Full of autumn sounds, full of autumn nights, a river of autumn waters, and a group of children, just like a photo of the scene, give people the feeling of hearing their voices, seeing their people, and being in the environment. This vivid and realistic scene subtly conveys the poet's sad and lonely feelings full of sadness and sleepless nights. There is emptiness in reality (guest feelings), which is contained in reality, reflected in reality, and endless words and meanings!
Free translation
Main idea of ancient poetry
Autumn wind blows over the river, and the plane trees rustle, which makes people feel chilly. The sound of autumn wind can touch the homesickness of people outside. It's getting late at night, and children are burning lamps and catching crickets by the fence.
The migration of season and climate and the change of scenery are most likely to cause the homesickness of travelers. The author lived in a foreign land, feeling autumn in a quiet night, and wrote this little poem with tactful feelings.
This poem is about what you see in autumn night and expresses your homesickness. One sentence, Wu Ye, "Send a cold sound", subtly wrote the keen feeling of travelers when they went to Qiu Lai in summer.
The withering of plants and flowers is a prominent sight in autumn. In poetry, the "Wu Ye" with phenological characteristics is often placed in the typical environment of stormy nights to express the autumn sadness. Wei Yingwu's poem "Autumn Night in Nangong, My Brother and Students" reads: "It's a stormy night, and Ye Qiu is depressed." This artistic technique was adopted.
This poem starts with overlapping onomatopoeia, which evokes the association of the reader's auditory image at the beginning, resulting in the image of a bleak autumn atmosphere, and contrasts the silence of autumn night with sound. Then use the word "send" to show movement in silence, which leads to "cold sound" In the rustling sound of the leaves falling, it seems to contain the cold of the bones; The method of hearing causing tactile synaesthesia renders the sadness and coldness of the environment.
the two sentences are followed by the words "autumn wind on the river", which not only points out the starting point of autumn wind, but also further sets off the cold atmosphere. The autumn wind has arrived, and people have stayed in other places, so they have touched the homesickness. Both the word "send" and the word "move" are used vividly. The former means "shock" in autumn, while the latter expresses "sadness" in autumn.
The autumn wind has triggered the lonely feelings of travelers. Hans Zhang, a Jin native, was an official in Luoyang. Seeing the autumn wind, he resigned and went home because he missed the water shield soup and bass in his hometown. The author of this poem heard the sound of autumn wind, which touched his feelings during the trip and made him feel disappointed. These two sentences describe the coldness of autumn with "Wu Ye", "Cold Sound" and "Autumn Wind on the River", which are actually used to set off the desolation of the guest's mood. Then, the word "move" reveals the "guest sentiment", and the scene is close to each other, which is natural and appropriate, and shows the depth of the sorrow.
On the surface, it seems that the three or four sentences about children's promotion have nothing to do with "guest feelings". In fact, they use children's happiness-carefree, to contrast their loneliness and sadness when they live in the country.
these two sentences, moving from the indoor to the outdoor, have made a big leap. These two sentences are inverted, and they should be moved back and forth in the order of meaning. The poet's mind was so complicated that he couldn't sleep, so he turned and stepped out of the house to dispel his lingering thoughts and leave his worries, but the night scene in front of him gave him a new feeling.
"autumn night promotes weaving, and the neighbors in the south are in a hurry to pound clothes" (Xie Tiao's Autumn Night). Isn't it "children pick and promote weaving" that the lights flashed between the hedges in the boundless night? This carefree, lively and naive behavior is in sharp contrast with the poet's sad feelings and low feelings.
this poem also has this meaning. A lamp in the dark night shows a fragment of childhood life on the screen of the poet's mind: "I remember when I was a child, I called the lamp to fill the hole and stepped forward with the sound" (Zhang Zi's Man Tingfang Promoting Weaving). The scene in front of me meets the feelings in my heart, which makes the poet fall into deep yearning for his hometown. He concealed his "lonely world" by "falling over the fence in Yi Deng", conveyed a homesickness by scenery, and tied up the whole article, especially Qiu Si, which made people daydream.
This poem is written about the voice of autumn wind first, then the feeling of listening to this voice, and the last two paragraphs are about what you see outdoors. The whole poem is fluent in language, distinct in layers, with a turning point in the middle, and the sentences seem to be broken but the meaning runs through. Poets are good at euphemistically expressing the difficult-to-say autumn night travelers' situation and taste through artistic images without falling into the realm of decline. In the end, the words are light and far-reaching, which is quite chewy.