For example: until, holding up my cup, I asked the moon to bring me my shadow, so that the three of us, alas, the moon could not drink, and my shadow remembered me blankly; But for a while, I had these friends who cheered me up at the end of spring. In fact, this poem by Li Bai is about drinking Alone with the Moon, which is very vivid and shows the poet's profound attainments in artistic conception.
There are more than fifty kinds of images commonly used in China's ancient poems, such as:
Use the crystallization of ice and snow to compare the loyalty of the soul and the nobility of character. For example, "Luoyang relatives and friends ask each other, and a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot." (Don Wang Changling's "The Separation of Furong Inn and Xin Jian")
Looking at the moon and thinking about your loved ones-the sadness and homesickness that cause parting. "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home." (Tang Libai's "Silent Night Thinking") "The small building was easterly again last night, so my country could not bear to look back on the moon." (Yu Meiren by Li Yu in Southern Tang Dynasty)
3. Fold the willow to say goodbye. "Where did you wake up from the wine tonight, Yang Liuan, where the breeze died down?" -Liu Yong's Yulin Order "Qin Louyue, willow color every year, Baling injury." (Tang Li Bai's "Recalling Qin E")
4. Use "cicada" as a metaphor for noble conduct. Luo's "A Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada": "His flight went through the fog heavily, and his pure voice was drowned in the windy world. Who knows if he is still singing? . Who will listen to me? "Yu Shinan's Cicada:" It is not the autumn wind that makes you aloof. " They all use cicadas as a metaphor for noble morality.
5. Use the prosperity of vegetation to contrast the desolation to express the ups and downs. "After ten miles of spring breeze, the wheat is green." (Song Jiangkui's Slow Yangzhou) "The grass on the doorstep is like spring, and birds are singing happily under the leaves." (Tang Du Fu's "Book of Scholarship") "There are wild grass flowers on Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset at Wuyi Lane is oblique." (Wuyi Lane by Yuxi, Liu Tang)
6. Chrysanthemum-Loyalty and noble quality. Tang Yuanzhen's Chrysanthemum: "Autumn bushes are like Taoist priests, and the more they surround, the more inclined they are. It's not that chrysanthemums are preferred in flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. " Expressed the poet's pursuit of firmness and noble character. Poems such as "I would rather hold incense in the branches and die than blow it into flowers" (Zheng Song Xiao Si's Cold Chrysanthemum) all use chrysanthemums to express the poet's spiritual quality, and the chrysanthemums here undoubtedly become a portrayal of the poet's personality.
7. Plum blossom-one of the three friends who are resistant to snow, not afraid of setbacks, pure white and old cold. "Plum Blossom" by Chen Liang, a poet in the Song Dynasty: "A flower changes suddenly first, and ten thousand flowers are fragrant later." The poet grasped the characteristic that plum blossoms are the first to bloom, and wrote the quality of being the first in the world and not afraid of setbacks. This is not only Yongmei, but also praising himself. Wang Song Anshi Plum Blossom: "It's not snow at a distance, because there is a delicate fragrance." The poem not only describes the reasons why plum blossoms are scattered by the wind, but also implicitly shows the purity and whiteness of plum blossoms, which has received the artistic effect of good fragrance and lewdness.
8. Loose-loyal and noble. Li Bai's "Book for Huang Shang": "I hope you are loose, but be careful not to be peaches and plums." Wei always flatters powerful people, and Li Bai writes poems to persuade him to be an upright person.
9. Lotus-Because lotus is muddy but not stained, the poet uses lotus as a metaphor for moral integrity that does not go hand in hand with others. Because "lotus" and "pity" are homonyms, there are many poems about lotus in ancient poetry to express love. For example, "Xizhou Qu" by Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "Lotus is picked in autumn in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the lotus is over the head; Bow your head to get lotus seeds, which are as green as water. "
10. Indus-a symbol of desolation and sadness, similar to bananas. For example, "Every leaf, with sound, drips from the empty steps to the light" (Tang Wen Ting Yun's "More Leaks"), "Indus raining, dripping at dusk" (Li Qingzhao's "Slow Voice").
In poetry, people who express their feelings with scenery often have certain fixity, such as: conveying "homesickness" with "the bright moon of hometown"; Communicate "seclusion" with "loose wind and mountains and moons"; Convey "the poet's sorrow" with "the cold forest and the waning moon"; Communicate "acacia bitterness" with "Mid-Autumn Festival full moon"; Convey "forever in my heart" with "falling flowers in the wind and rain, two swallows flying alone, and a heavy pavilion and jade pillow"; Convey "farewell feelings" with "folding willows in a long pavilion"; Convey "the pain of the poet's journey" with "a boat in the rivers and lakes, tears in the moon"; Convey "sadness and joy" by "waking up from a dream, heartbroken willow, cold rain, setting sun and residual candle crying"; Convey "the sigh of the vicissitudes of life" with "the glory of the past is not in sight, and the sunset glow is a few degrees red"; It conveys "lamenting the decline of the national situation and loving the national conditions" with "empty cities and fallen flowers".