It is understood that each school has different requirements for student physical examination items, and each country also has regulations prohibiting the entry of people with certain diseases. For example, in addition to stipulating that patients with three internationally recognized infectious diseases, namely plague, cholera, and yellow fever, are not allowed to enter the country, my country also prevents foreigners suffering from AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases, leprosy, mental illness, and open tuberculosis from entering the country. Regulation. Therefore, people suffering from certain diseases should give up their plans to study abroad first and wait until they recover before making plans. Therefore, health consultation is an essential part before going abroad, but it is also a link that is often overlooked. The natural environment, climate characteristics, food and drinking water sanitation conditions, epidemic trends of certain infectious diseases, and living habits of the destination country will have a physical and psychological impact on first-time international students. Therefore, international students should go to a travel health care agency for health consultation before going abroad to gain an understanding of the country they are going to.
Item preparation
The luggage you need to carry is mainly divided into two categories, one is daily necessities and the other is school supplies. Basically, the things you carry in different countries are the same, with slight adjustments based on the climate and environment of the country you are visiting.
Daily necessities generally include: seasonal coats, socks, gloves, scarves, hats, single tops, sportswear, casual shirts, jeans, pajamas, underwear, underwear, leather shoes, sneakers, slippers, formal suits. Covers, short-sleeved shirts, T-shirts, sun hats, sunglasses, belts, swimsuits, alarm clocks, batteries, chargers, small phones, conversion sockets and transformers, thin quilts, sheets/bed covers, toiletries, nail clippers, razors and some emergency medicines. In addition, you can carry items such as digital cameras, digital video cameras, and MP3 players. If you are renting an apartment by yourself, you will also need to bring simple kitchen supplies.
School supplies generally include: laptop (recommended), floppy disks, burnable CDs, various Chinese software, such as: window system disk, word, photoshop... two dozen pencils (2B and HB), eraser, Several ballpoint pens, water-based pens (signature pens), colored pens, electronic dictionaries and separate calculators, several folders, large schoolbags, glasses, rulers, small scissors, utility knives, etc.
Psychological preparation
Generally, when you first arrive in a country to study abroad, you will have the following psychological states:
(1) Resistance. This is related to students’ unclear purpose of going abroad, which often happens to younger children. Teacher Pan Yanqing believes that in this case, parents must first change their minds and not force their children to do things they are not interested in. You can help them understand studying abroad before studying abroad and find a point of interest for your child.
(2) Homesickness and loneliness. Loneliness is mainly caused by language barriers and differences in living habits. Without the soil for my growth, I have lost the circle that I used to be comfortable in, and my lack of proficiency in using language makes me ashamed to speak. Every step I take in life feels so difficult. Teacher Pan Yanqing pointed out that everyone will encounter this situation after going abroad, but the degree is different. You should make some preparations at home first. It is very necessary to develop a hobby. After going abroad, this hobby will attract your attention other than studying. Devoting yourself wholeheartedly to studying is also a good way to dilute missing and loneliness.
(3) Frustration and psychological pressure. People with low estimates of difficulty and low self-confidence are more likely to have this problem. When you first arrive abroad, it's normal to have difficulty keeping up with your studies and communication, and they can all be resolved after a period of adjustment. Another situation is that some students have poor psychological quality and exaggerate their difficulties for no reason. The more they think about it, the more desperate they become. In extreme anxiety, they may have a mental breakdown or give up halfway. Teacher Pan Yanqing suggested that international students should think about all possible situations before going abroad, consciously allow themselves to deal with the problems they encounter, face more challenges, and find solutions to problems by themselves in an independent environment. . You should learn how to motivate yourself while abroad.
The unadaptation period in the first half year after going abroad is caused by various differences in culture, history, lifestyle, etc. between the two countries and regions. Therefore, the psychological preparation before studying abroad is to do some preventive work. In fact, understanding is the prerequisite. The most fundamental psychological preparation is to understand the country in as much detail as possible, from culture and history to how to use the library and how to take the bus. The clearer you understand, the more prepared you will be. The more confident you feel, the smoother your life after going abroad will be.
Flight Guide
(1) Document inspection before boarding
Admission permit, passport of the People’s Republic of China, air ticket, money order, traveler’s check Or other proof of financial resources, small banknotes and other important documents, such as health certificate, etc.
(2) Preventing baggage loss
Go to the airport airline counter to fill in the lost baggage form.
Write down the name of the airline service person for future inquiries.
It should be noted that different airlines also have certain restrictions on luggage specifications. International students should understand clearly before going abroad to avoid overweight luggage.
Singapore Airlines stipulates that one checked suitcase is 30kg + 8kg hand luggage; Air Canada stipulates that two checked suitcases are 32kg each + 8kg hand luggage, etc.
Tips for carrying foreign exchange
It is neither safe nor convenient to carry large amounts of cash with you when going abroad. A better way is to get a bank card that can be deposited and withdrawn in other places and carry it with you. . But convenience is not free, and service fees are charged for remote deposits and withdrawals. For international students, traveler's checks are the best way to carry foreign exchange.
Travelers' checks are very much like a special kind of cash, finely printed and highly anti-counterfeiting. You can buy it from a bank or agent. U.S. dollar checks are available in denominations of $20, $50, $100, $500 and $1000. There are two signature columns on the check. When purchasing, you should sign the first column. When using traveler's checks to pay or exchange, you should sign the second column in front of the payee.
In the United States, you can use travelers checks as widely and conveniently as cash for shopping, dining, paying insurance, etc. What makes it better than cash is that if a traveler's check is lost or stolen, you can call to report the loss and get an emergency fund to tide you over (of course you have to record your check number).
You can now buy American Express travelers checks at Bank of China with a 1% handling fee and can be paid in RMB. If you go to the United States, you don’t need to pay a handling fee when using travellers’ checks.
The last thing to remind you is: be sure to record all check numbers after purchase, and it is best to record them when using them. The invoice is also very important. The last link is REFUND SERVICE, which has the phone numbers for reporting loss in multiple countries.
Eight tips for GRE word shorthand that are essential for candidates
How can you memorize so many words in these three months? The most important point is: if you want to be more successful than others, you must take shortcuts. Don't expect to be luckier than others, and don't expect to be smarter or more diligent than others. In terms of intelligence and opportunities, there is not much difference between you and others. If you want to surpass people who are similar to you, you must take shortcuts, shortcuts, shortcuts!
The first shortcut to memorizing words is: you must memorize them in large quantities every time. Because I am not smarter than others, after memorizing words, others will forget one-fifth of them, but I will never forget less than others. However, while others memorize ten words every day, I can memorize a hundred words, forget one-fifth, and have eighty words left, which is ten times as many as others in their smartest state. One hundred per day is the minimum. In fact, after you memorize it, you will find that this requirement is not high. After a month, you may naturally memorize three hundred or five hundred.
The hundred should be carried in four groups, thirty in the morning, ten at noon, thirty in the afternoon, and thirty in the evening. The next morning, I reviewed the words I had not memorized before. When reciting, you should read ten words at a time (note, it is ten, not more or less). Don't memorize it seriously because you don't have time to take it seriously. Read the pronunciation of each word while reading, or read silently. Recall it after reading it, and read it again if you can't recall it. The purpose of memorizing this time is to leave a general impression so that you can know the word when you see it next time. So just memorize most of it and you can recall it, and copy out the remaining words separately.
The second shortcut to memorizing words is: memorize a dictionary! Why memorize a dictionary? Because the explanation of each word in the dictionary is relatively comprehensive, and words starting with the same letters are grouped together. Not all dictionaries can be used to memorize. You must find a dictionary that only contains the words you want to memorize. In addition, it is best to have explanations and examples in English. Moreover, there must be phonetic symbols! If you are taking the TOFEL or GRE exam, be sure to choose a dictionary with American phonetic symbols. The vocabulary lists at the back of the text in general textbooks are prepared for good students who listen carefully to the lectures. If you want to take shortcuts, don't memorize those things.
When searching for a dictionary, press the first letter (Z, Y, X, Q, J, K, U) (V, W, N, O, L) (FG, IT, HM, BDE, R ) (C, P, S, A), each of C, P, S, A must be memorized in three parts. Memorizing this way has several benefits: (1) It can increase the sense of accomplishment and interest. As for why, you will understand it if you look in the dictionary. (2) It is easy to know clearly which words have been memorized and which words have not been memorized. (3) Be able to master the most basic words first.
Thirty thousand words are divided into three levels: three thousand to four thousand, eight thousand to ten thousand, and twenty two thousand to thirty thousand. In other words, you have to prepare three dictionaries. Each of these levels has very different characteristics, so they need to be memorized in different ways. I didn't realize this at the time, so I took a detour from 10,000 to 30,000 and wasted some time. Otherwise, I might be able to break through to 50,000. Therefore, the following shortcut to memorizing words has three branches.
The third shortcut to memorizing words is: meet the words more often. Whether a word can be remembered depends on how often you meet it on different occasions, not on the length of time you look at it each time. Generally, if you want to memorize a word, you need to meet it three to four times a week on "different occasions." When I mentioned above memorizing a large number of words, this is what I meant by not choosing whether to remember a certain word.
Because it doesn’t matter whether you fall in love at first sight, the key is to have more opportunities to meet in different types. However, depending on the level of the words to be memorized, the ways to increase the chance of meeting are also different.
The first branch: Listen blindly! The level of three thousand to four thousand is a very commonly used word, and it includes almost all the vocabulary needed to express the most basic ideas. Eighty percent of each article consists of these words, and these words are the most basic morphemes (or "roots"), which are things that cannot be divided into small pieces and have no similarities with each other. The best way to deal with these words is to carry out a large number of uninterrupted and simple primary listening exercises. Because there are 20% other vocabulary in the reading materials, so the words at this level alone cannot understand those reading materials. However, listening exercises are the most basic conversations, and the pronunciation is generally very standard. Listening more can increase the repetition rate of words, and can lay a pronunciation foundation for memorizing 8,000 to 10,000 words in the future.
When listening, it should be divided into two parts: intensive listening and extensive listening. Of course, intensive listening means that every word must be understood. I will focus on extensive listening. Extensive listening is the most important, because mastering the speed and intonation of speech, as well as the overall impression, depends on extensive listening. And these are the basis for memorizing 8,000 to 10,000 level words? Extensive listening can pry your ears out of frequently used words (that is, those words that are most necessary to master), allowing you to vaguely hear a sound and reflect what it means. The words you hear during extensive listening are the words you should really remember, so don't be afraid that you won't understand anything during intensive listening. What exactly is extensive listening? Extensive listening means that when you listen, you should be distracted and do other things (such as making rice or discussing the meal loudly with others) while listening intermittently. Extensive listening must be done at every opportunity, and listen whenever you have the opportunity. It is best to keep the headphones away from your ears.
The meaning of intensive listening is to find those words that you did not hear clearly. Ah ha, that's the word you've memorized but aren't yet familiar with. Write down these words in a separate place and don't mix them with words you haven't memorized. Extensive listening involves listening intensively to what you have already heard. For example, if intensive listening listens to the second tape, then extensive listening will listen to the first tape, which is just right. Let me remind you, never use English radio as your listening textbook!
By the way, I would like to recommend a set of listening textbooks to you: Step by Step from Wuhan Normal University. The content is relatively step-by-step, and the music at the beginning of each lesson is also very nice.
The second branch: binge watching! The level of 8,000 to 10,000 basically includes the remaining 20%. These words are difficult to find in listening textbooks. However, don't stop practicing listening, because listening can consolidate your sense of intonation, which is a key to memorizing words at this level. However, memorizing words at this level requires reading in addition to listening.
Look, there are also two types of intensive reading and extensive reading. Just like listening, extensive reading is more important. For extensive reading, you should choose articles that are not too long and that you can have the patience to read through. There should not be too many words that you don’t understand. It is enough to have two or three unfamiliar words in an article. Don't read English newspapers, magazines, and novels as soon as you start. Not only are those things difficult to understand, but if you understand them, they won't help memorize words.
Extensive reading also requires a lot of practice. As long as you are patient and have enough time, keep reading! Don't read carefully when reading, just glance at it to understand the general meaning, and then mark the words you don't understand at first glance. Don't wonder what it means, just keep scanning! After reading them all, look back at these words. Some of them may have been remembered, and some...have not been remembered yet? Then look it up in the dictionary. If you haven't memorized it yet, throw it away. If you have already memorized it, copy it down separately and put it together with the words you didn't hear in the listening practice.
My experience is the first and second volumes of New Concepts, then the first two volumes of the college extensive reading textbook, then another elementary part of the extensive reading tutorial, then the third volume of New Concepts, and the third volume of the extensive reading textbook. Volume 1, a teacher's book for the advanced listening part of a certain listening textbook, then Volume 4 of New Concepts, Volume 45 of the extensive reading textbook... This sequence of steps is more appropriate.
The third branch: nonsense! This is only suitable for memorizing 22,000 to 30,000 words. Because the other words are already memorized without having to say them. There are very few words of this level in the reading materials. You may read ten articles but not even a single word of this level. So relying on reading to increase chances of meeting people is no longer enough. Some foreigners have never seen these words in their lives, so how can we expect them to be able to write them? Especially GRE vocabulary, such as "clothes a horse", "a gangster in New York", "the wind blowing from Africa to Southern Europe"... These words are all exquisite rhetoric, that is to say, if these are the only words in your words words, then you can pretend to be a scholar.
Most foreigners cannot understand what you say, so they can express the same meaning without using these words. Well, here's your chance, you can use these words when speaking to foreigners, and then proudly and pretending to be humble, explain the meaning of these words to them.
It is enough to explain one or two words to a foreigner each time, and the foreigner will admire you to the point of admiration. HL just explain it to ws! Be bold and patient, and above all bold.
At this stage, you should not practice listening again, because you will not make much progress if you practice.
Remember that sentence at the beginning? To succeed, you have to take shortcuts. There is no need to waste time on any action that cannot achieve great progress in a short period of time.
However, the reading materials at this time become a problem: you will find that the things you read in the past were too shallow and boring, and you can't understand other deep things. You will also find a new interesting phenomenon: the article you want to read is now full of the first-level words. You know exactly what each word means, but you just can't understand the entire article.
So what should you watch? Just look at the simple articles on the second level. Although it is simple, it can help you not to forget the results you memorized in the past. As for those articles that you don't understand, don't worry. Once you communicate with foreigners more, you will naturally understand them. They are all articles composed of phrases, slang or grammar.
The fourth shortcut to memorizing words is: association, association, association... What is the first action to memorize a word? Take a look at its appearance. What about the second and third actions? Look at its connotation and pronunciation. The fourth action should be to associate, and then associate...
Is there any similarity in appearance between Lenovo and other memorized words? Similar pronunciation? Similar or opposite meaning? If so, write it down quickly and add this word next to the other words. In this way, when you see other words in the future, you will also think of this word, which is equivalent to adding another chance to meet.
Moreover, in the second and third level vocabulary, there are many words composed of "prefix", "root" and "suffix". Prefixes such as "re", "in", "pseud"...; suffixes such as "er", "oid"... Then *** together form a new word. If you master these suffixes, you can easily guess what a new word means. In addition, there are many words with similar sounds that have similar meanings, which is more common in slang, poetry, and children's language. If you memorize 80 words every day, you can only memorize 2,400 words in a month. But after mastering these rules, you can actually memorize faster and faster, and you can learn almost 10,000 words without memorizing them.
However, among the GRE words, there are many words that have no relationship with other words and have no suffixes or suffixes. They seem simple and difficult to remember. These words include Greek, Italian, German, Latin, and even Japanese transliterations. This can only be mastered by explaining it to others. (HL must pay attention!)
The fifth shortcut to memorizing words is: review! The faster you remember, the faster you forget. This is a very normal rule. In the process of memorizing words, review is very important. I summarized the review rules as follows: review ten words once, then thirty words, and then all the words that have not been memorized before. When reviewing, you don't need to dig it carefully, just scan it roughly, but you must think about its pronunciation (because English is onomatopoeic). The word that cannot be memorized in the end must be a word that is not commonly used, because foreigners cannot memorize it either.
After each word that starts with a letter, you must review the previous word with a letter that starts with it. Then after each memorization of the first letter in the parentheses in the previous article, review the previous one in parentheses. When reviewing, you should first look at the English translation and think about the Chinese meaning, and then look at the Chinese and think about the English words again.
As mentioned before, words forgotten during extensive listening and extensive reading should be written down separately from words that cannot be remembered during memorization, in order to treat them differently during review. For forgotten words, you need to read them once every day and cross them out when you understand them. For words that you cannot remember, you need to memorize the words separately after you have memorized the entire alphabet. You don't need to read them normally.
The GRE vocabulary review method is very strange: it requires crossword puzzles. That is, cover part of the word and think about how to spell the whole word. In addition, you have to think of its synonyms, synonyms, and antonyms.
By the way, the words used in the GRE test and the words used in the TOFEL test are completely unrelated to each other. In other words, even if you don’t know the TOFEL words, you may still get a high score on the GRE.
Here are some specific methods
1. Root and affix memory method
This is the most basic and most effective memory method, which must be mastered. Take the most notorious word in the GRE as an example: arteriosclerosis. This word makes countless people spit blood, but after understanding the root of the word, it is nothing more than arterio+sclero+sis, that is, arteries, sclerosis, and photographic memory. Using the root memory method can often get twice the result with half the effort. For example, carnivorous, herbivorous, and omnivorous cannot be remembered at all, but they are put together and can be seen clearly at a glance. And it will be effortless to remember carnage, carnalism, herbaceous, herbiferous, omnicompetent, omnificent, omnipotent, etc. from now on.
2. Memory method of similar words
Learning the unknown based on the known will make people feel more relaxed. For example, memorizing a new word marrow is less labor-intensive and time-consuming than memorizing narrow by changing one letter to another.
Similarly, the word smother looks weird, but it is easy to grasp as s (death) + mother. Using this method, not only can we memorize words faster, but more importantly, we can find that even the boring thing of memorizing words can be done in a fun way. You have to carry it anyway, so why not make it easier on yourself? Try these groups again: defer, deter; blight, bright; vocation, avocation; eminent, imminent; ally, rally, allay, alley, alloy.
3. Classification memory method
Many times, remembering one thing in isolation is not as effective as memorizing multiple similar things at the same time. Therefore, memorizing words with similar meanings together can greatly improve efficiency, and will be of great help for future analogy questions in actual combat. There are two types of classification. One is to group synonyms together, such as adage, proverb, allegory, fable, dictum, maxim, motto, aphorism. Of deception: deceive, beguile, betray, inveigle, dupe, hoax, bamboozle, delude, hoodwink, defraud, swindle. Another type of classification is to group related words into one category, such as about gems: ruby, sapphire, emerald, jade, turquoise, amethyst, rhinestone, opal. Of plants: oak, cypress, almond, maple, elm, elm, willow, cactus, vanilla, orchid, chrysanthemum, balsam. This classification work is most convenient to use electronic dictionaries.
4. Etymology memory method
Many words have weird and unbelievable shapes that make people dizzy and faint at the first sight. In fact, these words all have origins. Once you know the etymology, you can not only remember the words, but also broaden your horizons and increase your knowledge. It is really educational and entertaining. For example, from characters in historical or literary works: epicure (Epicurus), quixotic (Don Quixote), machination (Machiavelli), mesmerism (Mesmer), odyssey (Odyssey). Another example from mythology: hermetic (from Hermes, the god of commerce), nemesis (from the goddess of revenge), siren (from the sirens), panic (from Pan, the god of panic).
5. Transliteration memory method
In fact, most of the words in Category 4 can be memorized by transliteration. Another major category is ready-made trademarks: such as Robust and Canon. There are also some words that now have corresponding translations, but articles written before and after the May Fourth Movement or in Hong Kong and Taiwan can be transliterated and the Chinese pronunciation is used to remember English words. It is a bit funny, but it can be remembered with great interest and not easy to forget, such as ultimatum (sadness) Mayton), boycott (boycott), carnival (carnival), bingo (Bingo) bourgeois (Bourgeois), etc.
6. Life memory method
Nowadays, we have many opportunities to learn words in our daily lives. We must cherish these opportunities. Some people talk about Pentium all day long, but they don’t know the root meaning of pent. They only know Lenovo, Founder, but not legend, founder. They have watched "Titanic" and "Tornado" but cannot remember titanic, tornado, I like Mariah Carey, but I don’t understand the meaning of diva and soprano. I really don’t know what to say. In fact, as long as you pay a little attention, you can learn carnation when buying flowers, remember yogurt when drinking yogurt, and learn vanilla when eating ice cream.
7. Story memory method
There is no way to solve some weird words, so you have to make up a story. Lao Yu has a proud work called charisma, which is called China (cha) rises (ris) and Mao Zedong (ma). It's really a mess that he can think of it. But memorizing words is our only goal, and we must do whatever it takes to achieve it. If this method is mastered, there will be no words that cannot be remembered by the end of the day. For example: saturnine (sitting on nine urns) canine (one dog bites nine people) flaunt (flying aunt). These inexplicable stories seem childish and even retarded, but they are extremely effective.
8. Memorizing method for answering questions
Finally, don’t forget to memorize words not for fun, but to answer the questions correctly. Being able to memorize 50,000 words is not considered awesome, but being able to always get the questions right when your vocabulary has just reached 10,000 is really awesome.
Without doing the questions, you will never understand the connection between glade and oasis, and the difference between panacea and panacea.
The above are some technical issues. But in fact, the most important thing about memorizing words is perseverance and motivation. Here is a good suggestion: The Little Red Book only has more than 6,000 words. Think about the tens of thousands of dollars in scholarships you may receive, and you might as well think that you can earn five dollars by memorizing one word.
So, hurry up and count on your fingers before going to bed every night. How much money did you make today?