Author Ma Zhiyuan
the Yuan Dynasty
Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses. When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Vernacular translation:
At dusk, a group of crows landed on an old tree with withered vines and made a piercing cry.
Under the small bridge, the running water tinkled, and a thin horse on the ancient road struggled against the west wind.
The sunset gradually lost its luster and set from the west. On a cold night, only lonely travelers wander in the distance.
Creative background:
Tianjingsha Qiu Si is a poem written by Ma Zhiyuan, a writer in Yuan Dynasty. Ma Zhiyuan was keen on becoming famous when he was young. However, due to the high-handed policy of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, he never succeeded. He lived a wandering life almost all his life, and was depressed and embarrassed because of it. So on the journey of wandering alone, he wrote this song "Tianjingsha Qiu Si".
Extended data:
"Tianjingsha Qiu Si" has only five sentences and 28 words. There is no word "autumn" in the whole song, but it depicts a sad and touching picture of the sunset in the suburbs in autumn, which accurately conveys the bitterness of travelers. This successful song, known as the father of Qiu Si, embodies the artistic features of China's classical poems in many ways.
1, lyrical by the scene, and emotional in the scene, which constitutes a desolate and desolate artistic conception in the blending of the scene and emotion.
China's classical poems attach great importance to the creation of artistic conception. Artistic conception is an important category in the aesthetics of China's classical poetry, and its essential feature lies in the blending of scene and scene and the unity of mind and matter. Whether emotion and scenery can be well combined becomes the key to the formation of artistic conception. In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "The two names of scenery are inseparable. God is infinite to poets.
2. Many dense images are used to express the author's pain in the journey and sorrow for autumn, which makes the work full of rich poetry.
Image refers to the artistic image used to convey the author's feelings and contain the author's thoughts in poetry. China's classical poetry is characterized by the complex and intensive use of images. Many poets in ancient China often arranged numerous images closely in their poems to express their thoughts.
This song by Ma Zhiyuan clearly embodies this feature. There are ten kinds of images in just 28 words, which are not only the real environment of heartbroken people's life, but also the carrier of his heavy sadness. Without these pictures, this song would not exist.
3. Be good at processing and refining, and draw a wandering journey in late autumn with extremely concise line drawing techniques.
The images in Ma Zhiyuan's poem Tianjingsha Qiu Si are not novel. Among them, the word "ancient road" first appeared in Li Bai's poem "Qin Yi E Xiao Sheng Yan", "Happy Garden Scenic Area in autumn festival, Xianyang ancient road is absolutely silent". Zhang Song-Yan's "Wan Li in the Pot" also has the saying that "the old Liuguan River, the ancient road in the setting sun, the wind is still straight".
There is a poem "Shang Huashi" in Dong Jieyuan's "The West Chamber": "The sunset makes the forest quiet, the night cries, the wind sleeves are fluttering, and the thin horses are blown. As soon as I entered the horizon, the ancient shore was desolate and the grass withered in first frost. I caught a glimpse of a lonely Duan Lin in the photo, which was covered with shallow sand. An old man caught shrimp and ran across the bridge. The hut reflects flowers. " Among them, six images appear in the maqu.
In the Yuan Dynasty, there was also an anonymous poem "Drunken Zhongtian" (see Yuefu New Sound): "The old tree hangs vines, and the sunset glow reflects the sunset. There is a faint sound in the forest. The mountains are picturesque, and I'm too lazy to whip the thin horse. When the sun sets, people live in bamboo buildings. " There are also six images like Maqu.