Climbing the Great Wall Pass Tower in Nine Days
Dynasty: Ming Dynasty
Author: Wang Qiong
Original text:
Dangerous buildings stand hundreds of feet across the Great Wall, and the battlements are clear in autumn.
Cut off the plains and open barriers, empty the fortresses and raise flags.
It has been heard that Hu has left Henan and there is no need for troops to garrison Xiliu camp.
I am very happy to have the best strategy for the army. I lean on the railing and scream in the evening smoke.
Notes:
⑴Ninth day: refers to the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, which is the Double Ninth Festival. Changcheng Pass: Also known as "Border Defense East Gate", it is located 60 steps outside the north gate of Huamachi New City (today's Yanchi County). It is closed and built with relevant buildings, which are tall and majestic. The words "Deep ditch and high fortification", "Shuofang natural moat", "North gate lock and key", "Anti-Hu moat" and other words were written. When you climb up and look into the distance, you will see that Shuo Fang is the winner, and everything is shown below.
⑵Dangerous building: high building. Risk: high.
⑶ Battlements (zhì dié): The inner side of the ancient city wall is called the Yuqiang or the female wall, while the outer side is called the Duoqiang or the battlement. It is an important part of the ancient city wall.
⑷Empty: volley; tower into the sky. Rejection: also known as "scout". The ancient scout had the meaning of scouting and waiting. Scouts originated in the Han Dynasty and got their name because they were directly under the command of princes. It is divided into cavalry and infantry, usually served by agile sergeants. It is a very important branch of the army.
⑸Henan: the place south of the Yellow River, refers to the Yellow River Plain in Ningxia.
⑹Xiliu Camp: refers to Zhou Yafu’s troops stationed in Xiliu. During the reign of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, the Huns invaded the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty ordered Zhou Yafu to be stationed in Xiliu (southwest of today's Xianyang City). Because Zhou Yafu managed the army well and finally won the victory, his troops became the Xiliu Camp. This sentence means that with the deep ditch and high fortress on the east wall of the river and the towering and majestic Great Wall Pass, we can raise fewer soldiers, save expenses, wait for work in leisure, and strengthen border defense.
Appreciation:
This is a Great Wall poem written by a general who built the Great Wall. The Great Wall Pass is majestic. When you climb up and look into the distance, you can see the situation in Shuofang. This poem describes the majestic scenery the author saw when he climbed the Great Wall Pass on the Double Ninth Festival. It also uses the news that the enemy troops have withdrawn from the area south of the Yellow River and that the military no longer needs to be heavily guarded to highlight the role and significance of building the Great Wall. . The whole poem is filled with heroic and exciting emotions, which is rare among many Great Wall poems.
Wang Qiong left his footprints and poems in Lingzhou, Huamachi and other places. His poems reflect the harsh reality of border defense in the Ming Dynasty and his valuable spirit of loyalty to state affairs and hard work in government. Poems about the Double Ninth Festival: September 9th
(Tang Dynasty) Cui Guofu "September 9th"
The maples on the riverside fall yellow, and the chrysanthemums grow yellow. Climb high and look at the countryside.
Although the Tao family has been carrying wine for the ninth day, the guests from Chu have been wearing clothes for three years.
(Tang Dynasty) Du Mu's "Climbing the Mountain in Nine Days"
The wild geese are flying in the autumn shadow of Jianghan, and they are carrying pots with guests on the green.
It is rare in this world to smile, and you must return with your head full of chrysanthemums.
But you will be drunk to celebrate the festival, and you don’t have to come to hate the sunset.
This has been the case throughout the ages, why should Niu Shan be alone in his clothes?
(Tang Dynasty) Du Shenyan's "The Nine-Day Banquet in Jiangyin"
The crickets return late, and the dogwoods wait for new ones.
The frost is falling on the green girl’s moon, and the man in white is sending wine.
If you are happy, you will live a long life, and you will be humble and isolated from your neighbors.
Longsha is here, and the old custom is to sit next to it.
(Tang Dynasty) Li Yi's "Ascension to Ci'en Temple on September 9th in Fenghe"
The Yong Pagoda is close to Xuandi, and the upper floors overlook Ziwei. Mingluan accompanied the emperor and climbed up to fly to the sky.
To celebrate the Chongyang Festival, the text contains a series of images. The little minister wrote and expressed his admiration for this. Verses of the Double Ninth Festival: Double Ninth Festival
Double Ninth Festival
Zhao Fan of the Song Dynasty
The servants urged the child to eat, and the guests sighed at Xiao Chen.
The green peaks are like welcoming guests, and the yellow flowers are like smiling people.
What is the meaning of empty pulse?
Wei Mulong Shanda deeply cherishes the truth of Jingjie.
Brief introduction to the author of "Double Ninth Day":
Zhao Fan (poet, scholar) (1143-1219), courtesy name Changfu, nickname Zhangquan, native place Zhengzhou, after crossing south, he settled in Yushan, Xinzhou (now part of Jiangxi). He was born in the thirteenth year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, and died in the second year of Shaoding, Emperor Lizong, at the age of eighty-seven. At an early age, he learned from Liu Qing's studies, used his great-grandfather Yang Zhi's favor to supplement the state's literature, and transferred Fuliang Wei and Lian Jiang to the bookkeeping, but they all did not go there. As the chief secretary of Taihe, he transferred the manager of Chenzhou to join the army. He was dismissed because of a prison dispute with the magistrate. At that time, the Qing Dynasty learned about Hengzhou and asked Anren to serve as the supervisor to support the army's wine store until it was completed. He stopped at Hengqing and returned from there. Later, he lived in the temple for thirty-three years. At the age of fifty, he still studied under Zhu Xi. In the second year of Shaoding's reign, Emperor Lizong became an official in Zhimi Pavilion. He died in the same year at the age of eighty-seven. Posthumous Wen Festival. Huang Tingjian, the Tibetan poet, and Han Cai (Jianquan) are known as Mr. Erquan. The works have been lost. According to the "Water Music Dadian", the officials of the Fourth Treasury of the Qing Dynasty compiled it into two volumes of "Qiandao Manuscript", 20 volumes of "Chunxi Manuscript", and five volumes of "Zhangquan Manuscript" (including four volumes of poems).
The matter can be found in Volume 32 of "Collected Works of Mantang", "Tomb Table of Mr. Zhangquan Zhao", and Volume 445 of "History of the Song Dynasty". Verses and information on the Double Ninth Festival: Nine Days of Leisure·Preface
There are many short-term meanings in this world, but people live in happiness for a long time.
The sun and the moon arrive according to the time of day, and people love their names.
The dew blows with the wind, the air is clear and the sky is bright.
There are no traces of the passing swallows, but there are lingering sounds of the approaching geese.
Wine can dispel all kinds of worries, and chrysanthemum can relieve aging.
How can a scholar in Penglu ignore the fate of his fortune!
The prince of dust is ashamed and vain, and the humble man is proud of himself.
I am alone and gossiping, but I am deeply affectionate.
If you live late and have many entertainments, there will be no success if you stay in floods.
According to the "Song Book·Tao Qian Biography", Tao Yuanming stayed at home after returning to seclusion. On the Double Ninth Festival, September 9th of a certain year, the chrysanthemums beside the house were blooming. However, because the family was poor and had no wine, he went to the chrysanthemum bush. After sitting there for a long time, when he was melancholy and sentimental, Wang Hong, who was the governor of Jiangzhou, suddenly sent someone to bring wine. Yuanming did not refuse, and drank to his heart's content. It shows his unfettered and natural nature. Judging from the situation described in its short preface, this poem is roughly the same as what is described in this poem. Wang Hong's appointment as the governor of Jiangzhou began in 418 AD (the fourteenth year of Yixi), when Yuanming had passed. He was fifty-five years old, which shows that this poem was written in his later years.
There has been a custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine on the Double Ninth Festival since ancient times. It is said that this can prolong life. "Xijing Miscellaneous Notes" says: "On September 9th, wearing dogwood, eating bait, and drinking chrysanthemum wine can make people live longer." However, On Chongjiu of this year, although there were clusters of chrysanthemums of different colors near Yuanming's house, he had no money to buy wine and could only eat the chrysanthemums on an empty basis. The ancients regarded the chrysanthemum as an elegant and dignified flower. Because it blooms in the autumn when all the fragrances are fading, Qu Yuan once said, "The autumn chrysanthemums fall during evening meals." The "Jiuhua" mentioned here refers to chrysanthemums. The poet had chrysanthemums but no wine, so he had infinite emotions.
The four sentences "The world is short and full of meanings" start with discussion, explain the name of Chongjiu, and put forward the theme of lamenting life. It means that life in this world is just like a fleeting moment. Because it is a very short moment, people have all kinds of worries and worries, which also leads to people's prayers for longevity and eternal life. The annual Double Ninth Festival has come again according to the passage of time. The reason why people love this festival named after "Nine" is because "Nine" and "Jiu" are homophonic, so their love for it reflects their desire for immortality. . Here "love the name of the common people" is consistent with "love the name of Chongjiu" in the small preface. The sentence "The world is short and often has many meanings" is very refined. The predecessors thought it was the condensation of two sentences from the ancient poem "Life is not enough for a hundred years, but I often cherish the worries of a thousand years", which reflects Yuanming's ability to control language ("Notes on Tao Yuanming's Collection" by Li Gonghuan of the Song Dynasty, Vol. two).
The ten sentences from "The dew blows in the wind" to "The poor man is proud of himself in the cold" describe the scenery and express emotions, lamenting that he has chrysanthemums but no wine, and has wasted his good time and beautiful scenery. The dew is clear, the warm wind has stopped, the autumn air is crisp, the sky is clear and clear, the swallows flying away have not left a trace, and the geese coming from the north are still making sounds. The poet said: It is said that wine can get rid of all kinds of worries in the heart, and chrysanthemums can stop people from aging. But why, as a reclusive poor man, can I only let the Double Ninth Festival pass in vain! The wine vessel is empty and full of dust, but the autumn chrysanthemums are there. The fence is open to the public. Here, a scene of late autumn with clear sky and clear air is described, which is in sharp contrast with the poet's own poor and downtrodden situation. The beauty of the natural scene reflects the desolation of the poet's mood. The good times are passing away in vain, and the blooming chrysanthemums are only competing for their glory. , the poet sighed with emotion.
"The Ballad of Solitary Loneliness" refers to the poet's exclamation. He straightens his clothes and chants alone, while his thoughts are far away and his emotions are far away. There is certainly a lot of joy in wandering around in the mountains and forests, but staying in this world cannot mean accomplishing nothing. Here the poet not only laments the shortness of life, but also re-examines the value of life. The content of "affectionate" in the poem is not clearly stated, but it is vaguely pointed out that the reason for the author's sadness is not only for There is no wine to drink, and greater sorrow is hidden in the heart. This is the poet's thinking about life and the exploration of his own value. Therefore, Yan Junshou of the Qing Dynasty said in "Old Clichés": "The poem "Nine Days of Leisure" is described in a plain way at the top. At the end of the poem, "I am alone in my leisurely ballads, and my memories are deep and affectionate", and I suddenly make a break to stop it. , the following two sentences, "There are many entertainments, and there will be no success if you stay in the water." They are combined with two layers of meaning, which opens up countless ways for future generations." The meaning of the end of this poem is pointed out. The whole poem goes straight down, and its main purpose seems to express the lamentation that life is short and one cannot enjoy the joy in time, and misses the autumn scenery in vain. Then it suddenly says, "It is impossible to stay in trouble", which reveals another layer of meaning, so Yan's said that it is "one intention" Two layers of bandana.”
Because the conclusion of this poem is implicit, and there seems to be endless meaning behind the words, interpreters of this poem have always thought that Yuanming implicitly expressed his grief and indignation towards the Jin, Song and Yi dynasties. He lost his nostalgia for the previous dynasty and was determined to restore the royal family.
The sentence "Looking at the fate of the times" also expresses the feeling of the overthrow of current events. The two sentences "Chen Jue" express the desire to be content with the times and fate and protect one's heart. Finally, the so-called "there is no success in being drowned", that is, It is not unreasonable to imply that he is detained in this world because he still holds the hope of returning to the country and is waiting for the opportunity to display his grand ambitions. People who have come to comment on Tao Shi have also pointed out that Yuan Ming is not all quiet, but quiet. He is a person who is quite sentimental about the times. Gong Zizhen said of him: "Mo Xin's poets are actually plain. Two parts of "Liang Fu" and one part of "Sao" ("Miscellaneous Poems of Jihai") pointed out this characteristic. . The so-called "feelings" in the preface of this poem and the so-called "deep feelings" in the poem seem to have some sustenance. Based on this, we can infer that this poem may indeed have a moral meaning. Lu Xun commented on Tao Qian and said: "You should pay attention to government affairs and never forget 'death'. This is something he often mentions in his poems." ("The Relationship between Wei and Jin Styles and Articles, Medicine and Wine") This poem embodies his understanding of both politics and life.
This poem combines reasoning, scene description and lyricism, which reflects the natural flow of Tao's poems. Some of the sentences are concise and novel, which shows Yuanming's method of casting words and sentences, such as "Shi "There are often many short meanings", "The sun and the moon arrive at the same time" and "Wine can dispel all worries, chrysanthemums can prevent aging", etc. Although they are narrative words, they are powerful, new and clever, and the words are simple and meaningful. At the same time, there are no traces of carving or chiseling. This is true. This is what Tao Shi cannot achieve.