Era: Wei State at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty
Author: Cao Cao
Work: "Viewing the Sea"
Content:
< p>To the east is Jieshi to view the sea.Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall.
There are many trees and lush grass.
The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising.
The journey of the sun and the moon can only come out of it;
The stars are shining brightly, as if they can come out of it.
Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition.
Translation
Go eastward and climb Jieshi Mountain to admire the sea.
The sea is so wide and mighty, and Jieshi Mountain stands high on the seaside.
There are many trees on Jieshi Mountain and all kinds of grass grow luxuriantly.
The autumn wind is blowing, and huge waves are rising on the sea.
The movements of the sun and the moon seem to start from this vast ocean.
The stars of the Milky Way are brilliant, as if they were produced from this vast ocean.
I am so lucky, let me express my thoughts and feelings through singing
"Viewing the Sea" was composed by Cao Cao when he climbed Jieshi Mountain on his way to victory in Wuhuan's northern expedition in September of this year. . This four-character poem depicts the majesty of the motherland's rivers and mountains based on the natural scenery the poet saw when climbing a mountain and looking at the sea. It not only depicts the moving image of the mountains and the sea, but also expresses the poet's heroic and optimistic enterprising spirit. It is the best description of natural scenery in the Jian'an era. The famous poem is also one of the earliest famous works in my country's classical landscape poetry. The first two lines of "Landing Jieshi in the east to view the sea" describe that the poet came to the foot of Jieshi Mountain and climbed up to view the sea when he was leading his troops on the Northern Expedition. Jieshi Mountain was originally located in the southwest of today's Laoting County, Hebei Province (some say it is in the northwest of today's Changli County, Hebei Province). It was still on land during the Han Dynasty, facing the Bohai Sea. During the Six Dynasties, it sank into the sea due to geological changes. The poet climbed up Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea. All he saw was: "The water is so sluggish, but the mountains and islands stand tall." Dandan, the water is turbulent. Changzhi, the island looks towering. The poet climbed up and looked into the distance. As far as he could see, he saw the endless waves of the sea and the islands in the sea standing high. What a vast and spectacular sight it is! In history, Emperor Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty both visited here on their eastward tours, carving stones and observing the sea. Now the poet is standing in the place where Emperor Qin and Emperor Wu of Han visited, looking down at the vast sea connected by water and sky and the towering islands in the sea, thinking that the Central Plains has been pacified, the Northern Expedition to Wuhuan has also achieved a decisive victory, and the unification of the north is imminent. How exciting it must be to realize it! At this time, the poet's eyes were fixed on the islands on the sea, and in front of him was a scene full of vitality: "There are trees and luxuriant grass. The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising." The trees and grass are growing very luxuriantly, and a bleak autumn wind blows, and the sea surface Rolling waves surged up. Although the bleak autumn wind gives people a sense of desolation and desolation, the strong wind and strong grass show his heroic nature; the turbulent waves make it appear that his life is endless! This is a true depiction of the natural environment and a concrete portrayal of the poet's subjective feelings. After Cao Cao won a series of war victories, he felt that his ambition and great cause were as vibrant as the trees and flowers, and also filled with the vitality of life for the surging sea. Next, the poet unfolds his rich imagination and further describes the majestic spirit and broad mind of the sea swallowing up the sun and the moon, and containing the stars. "The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come out of it; the brilliance of the stars seems to come out of it." The movement of the sun and the moon seems to appear in and out of the embrace of the sea, and the brilliant stars of the Milky Way seem to be contained in the mother's womb of the sea. Please see, this is the spirit and the mind of the sea. It's so spectacular and majestic.
The poem "Viewing the Sea" describes the scenery in its entirety. There are no words of emotion that directly express the heart, but reading the whole poem can still make people feel the poet's feelings that it deeply entrusts. Through the poet's vivid description of the turbulent sea that holds the sun and the moon, we seem to see Cao Cao's great ambition and broad-mindedness in forging ahead and determined to unify the country. We can touch Cao Cao as a poet, politician, and military strategist. The flow of thoughts and feelings in a typical environment. The whole poem has simple language, rich imagination, majestic momentum, desolation and solemnity, which has been appreciated by readers of all ages. Shen Deqian commented in "The Source of Ancient Poetry" that this poem "has the atmosphere of swallowing and swallowing the universe". This is very precise.
Two sentences about "Landing the Jieshi to the east, to view the sea"
(Yuan Xingpei)
"Landing the Jieshi to the east, to view the sea." The opening chapter highlights and explains Understand the direction, location and object of observation. Although these two sentences do not directly write about people, we seem to see the heroic posture of Cao Cao when he climbed the mountain and looked at the sea. "Jieshi", according to "Hanshu Geography", is located southwest of Licheng (now Leting, Hebei) and sank into the sea during the Six Dynasties. The word "Guan" governs the whole poem and is the clue of the poem. The following is expanded from the word "Guan" to describe what you see while climbing the mountain.
The first two sentences start very smoothly, "I face Jieshi in the east to view the sea", indicating that I climbed Jieshi Mountain and looked down at the sea. The original Jieshi Mountain was in the southwest of Laoting County, Hebei Province, facing the Bohai Sea.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's "Cao Cao's Poems "Viewing the Sea"", same as above)
Six sentences about "How is the water flowing?"
"How is the water flowing? "Mountain Island Chang Zhi" is written about looking down into the sea from Jieshi Mountain. "Dandan" refers to the swaying appearance of the sea water; "he" refers to "how" here. "The water is so turbulent" describes the majestic waves of the sea. There are surprises and praises in it. It is the first impression after just climbing to the top of the mountain. "Changzhi" means standing tall.
The meaning of these two poems is: the vast sea is covered with vast expanse of blue waves, boundless as far as the eye can see, with only the mountain islands at your feet standing high in the middle of the sea. We all know that when we are watching the sea, standing on the shore, sitting on the bow of a boat, or climbing to the top of a mountain, our feelings are very different. When Cao Cao stood on the mountain at this time, the first thing he saw was naturally the panoramic view of the sea. Therefore, he focused on large areas, focusing on exaggerating the vast and vast momentum of the sea, giving people a firm and stubborn feeling. The majestic mountain island immediately grabbed the poet's attention, so he immediately wrote about the scenery on the island: "There are thick trees and luxuriant grass." It is full of a prosperous scene, as if there is infinite interest in it waiting for us to discover. "The autumn wind is bleak, and the torrential waves are rising." With a bleak wind, huge waves suddenly surged, which made people feel that it was too late to marvel! But when we turned our eyes to see the surging torrential waves, the poet But I stopped describing it.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's "Cao Cao's Poetry "Viewing the Sea"", same as above)
The six sentences "Where is the water" are about the sea from the front. Only two of them actually write about the sea. Although the number of words is There are not many, but the author focused on capturing the changes in the shape of the sea water and sketched it in large strokes, describing the ever-changing characteristics of the sea. "How is the water so turbulent" describes the turbulence of the sea when there is no wind, and the sea water is always turbulent. When there is a strong wind, there will be an uproar immediately. Only four words of "flooding" vividly show the magnificent momentum of the sea. From this description, we can not only see that. The sea is full of waves, and I seem to hear the sound of the waves crashing on the shore. Although the author writes about watching the sea, he does not simply write about the boundless and rough sea water. People feel a sense of desolation, so when the author describes the sea, he also uses mountain and island vegetation to add color. With the color and contrast of mountain and island vegetation, the sea is described as vibrant and prosperous, making people feel that the sea is not only vast and majestic , and beautiful and colorful. If we try to recite these sentences together, we can appreciate the charm: the vast blue sea, undulating waves, lapping the coast, towering mountain islands, and lush vegetation in the bleak autumn wind. Swaying and posing, what a magnificent artistic conception, what a beautiful picture!
(Excerpted from Dong Desong's "Poems contain emotions in paintings", same as above)
About "Sun and Moon" Four sentences of "Journey"
Faced with this charming sea scenery, the author unfolds a rich and unique imagination. "The journey of the sun and the moon is like being out of it; the stars are shining brightly, like being out of it." "The sun and moon that are constantly moving, and the starry Milky Way are all contained in this vast sea. How magnificent this is! These four sentences are the climax of the whole poem. The author uses exaggerated expression techniques to create an extremely The broad artistic conception adds a positive romanticism to the poem. Although it is highly exaggerated, the author still firmly grasps the majestic characteristics of the sea when writing it. The exaggeration is reasonable.
(Excerpted from Dong Desong's "Poems contain feelings in paintings", same as above)
The poet's rich imagination brings us into a more magnificent realm: "The journey of the sun and the moon can be seen in it; the stars are brilliant , if it comes out of it. "These few sixteen words describe the vastness of the sea, and create a picture of the sun and moon, and the stars. The sky is connected to the water, the water is connected to the sky, the vastness is boundless, it is really spectacular. "Xinghan" refers to the Milky Way in the sky. The meaning of these four poems is: The sun and moon rise from the east, circle the sky, and set to the west, as if they rise from the sea and fall into the sea with bright stars. The Milky Way slants across the sky, and its far end hangs down to the sea, as if it originates from the sea. The sun, moon and Milky Way can be regarded as the most glorious and greatest images in nature, but the poet feels that their movement is still inseparable. Opening the arms of the sea, the sea is like the mother of the sun, moon and stars. This kind of broad realm is rare in the poetry of the ancients.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's "Cao Cao's Poetry "Viewing the Sea"". ", ibid.)
Cao Cao's "Viewing the Sea" accurately and vividly depicts the image of the ocean, which is simple but full, rich but not trivial, like a thick charcoal drawing, which is particularly valuable. This poem not only reflects the image of the ocean, but also gives it character. Each sentence expresses the sea and the poet himself. , but strives to express the deep, turbulent character of the ocean through images. The sea is originally lifeless, but it has a character in the poet's writing. This reflects the sea more truly and profoundly.
(Excerpted from Yuan Xingpei's "Cao Cao's Poetry "Viewing the Sea"", same as above)
"Viewing the Sea" uses scenery to express emotions, cleverly combining the sea scenery in front of him and his own ambitions. The climax of "Viewing the Sea" is placed at the end of the poem. Its emotions are very unrestrained, but its thoughts are very implicit. It can stimulate our imagination and be more thought-provoking. In the past, people praised Cao Cao's poems for being deep, full, and powerful, such as "You Yan, a veteran, has a majestic charm." This can be confirmed from this.