Egypt's advanced scientific achievements strongly attracted the young Pythagoras, who decided to travel and inspect Egypt. According to Cali Marcos, the librarian of the Alexandria Museum in the 3rd century BC, Pythagoras lived in Egypt for many years and studied mathematics from Egyptian priests. Pythagoras' achievements in mathematics are based on the absorption of Egyptian scientific achievements.
Pythagoras devoted his life to mathematical research. He was the first person to make mathematics beyond the scope of business needs. His hard work promoted the development of mathematics, especially in geometry. He thinks numbers are the most basic elements in mathematics, and divides them into odd numbers and even numbers. Pythagoras put forward the theory of irrational numbers and the concepts of point, line, surface and space in geometry. He thinks that it can be expanded into six equilateral triangles, four right triangles and three regular hexagons with a point as the center on the plane, which is the conclusion he has drawn on the basis of careful observation of the surrounding things and independent research.
Pythagoras' most outstanding achievement in mathematics is that he discovered Pythagoras' theorem. Pythagoras found that there seems to be a special relationship between the three sides of a right triangle on a tile. So, it first writes an A on one right-angled side, a B on the other right-angled side and a C on the hypotenuse, and uses A, B and C to represent the lengths of the three sides of the triangle respectively. Two adjacent black triangles form a square with an area of A =a2, two adjacent black triangles form a square with an area of B =b2, and four adjacent black and white triangles form a larger square with an area of C =c2, which is equal to the sum of the areas of two small squares. From this, he obtained the relationship between the three sides of a right triangle: a2+b2=c2.
Pythagoras' achievements in astronomy also have an impact on later generations. He believes that the center of the universe is the "central fire", and the five planets, the moon, the earth and Jin Mu, revolve around the "central fire", and their harmonious movement plays a "sound of nature". His hypothesis about the motion of celestial bodies foreshadowed the later theory of ground motion. "Teana" shows that the planets in the solar system are regular and orderly. He also found that the moon gets light from the sun.
Pythagoras also engaged in philosophical research and was the founder of the first idealist school in ancient Greece. He put forward a pair of contradictory categories: finite and infinite, one and many, odd and even. All these have made certain contributions to the development of philosophy in the future.
Pythagoras' theory and thought not only had a far-reaching influence on later generations, but also set an example for later generations with its spirit of being well-informed in the world, being good at thinking and studying hard.