Which sentences in Zuiweng Pavilion describe distant view and close view?

Appreciation of the article-Ouyang Xiu was a famous essayist and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Talking about him, he will never forget his drunken pavilion. By describing the beautiful natural environment, the picture of the drunken pavilion and the social atmosphere of music, he implicitly and euphemistically expressed his special mood after being demoted. In this essay, there are descriptions of scenery, descriptions of personnel and expressions of emotions, all of which vividly show Ouyang Xiu's special feelings at that time. With the description of the scenery in the article, we see a leisurely and happy world: "Chu is surrounded by mountains, and its southwest peaks and valleys, You Mei, are beautiful." Six or seven miles up the mountain, I gradually heard the sound of water gurgling, overflowing the spring between the two peaks. The peak turns around, the pavilion wings go up to the spring, and the pavilion is also drunk. "There are no rugged rocks and cliffs in the mountains here, and the water here is not breathtaking. The mountains are undulating, covered with green shade, deep and beautiful, quietly extending around; Water, like a winding silver belt, gurgles down, melodious and beautiful; There is also a pavilion, its four corners are upturned, flying quietly beside this thin water like a bird. What a soft and quiet scenery. The description at the beginning of Zuiwengting brings us to a beautiful environment and produces a pleasant feeling. The same is true of another scene description: "If the husband works at sunrise, the flowers will bloom in the forest, the clouds will return to the cave, and the changers will be in the mountains. "Wild incense is fragrant, beautiful wood is cloudy, wind and frost are expensive, and the water comes out." Here, I wrote about the mist floating in the morning, the smoke clouds gathered in the evening, the fragrant wild flowers in spring, the green trees in summer, the frost in autumn, and the stones exposed in winter. Everything is so quiet and simple, elegant and natural. This is a description of the scenery in prose. Let's look at the description of personnel in the prose: "The satrap and the guests come here to drink, and they get drunk with less, so they call themselves alcoholics." "As for the loser who sings on the road, the walker rests on the tree, the former calls, the latter answers, lowers his head, supports, never stops, and the Chuhe people swim. Fishing near the stream, deep fish fat in the stream, brewing spring wine and spring wine bottles; The pheasant is just a predecessor and a satrap feast. The joy of a feast is not silk or bamboo. In the shooter, the player wins, the money is intertwined, the guests sit up and make noise. The guests are also white-haired, and the people in the middle are too drunk. " "After all, the setting sun is in the mountains, the figure is scattered, and the guests are smooth." It describes not vigorous social events, nor extraordinary heroic acts, but relatively ordinary social life and personal life, without contradictions and conflicts. Prose describes the daily life of the people and the life fragments of the old man, showing a scene of leisure, happiness, tranquility and peace. The author feels infinite happiness, can't help but feel relaxed and happy, and forgets all the honors and disgraces in the world, so that he forgets "drink less and get drunk" and drinks as much as he can. As a result, the surrounding songs filled the air, people sat up and quarreled, but he was "depressed" and couldn't get drunk. This was the highest state of happiness. Ouyang Xiu expressed his inner feelings through the description of scenery and the narration of personnel. His sincere feelings melted into the scenery and events, which made the article more affectionate: "The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but also between mountains and rivers." "The joy of mountains and rivers, the heart of wine." "... the tourists went and the birds were happy. However, birds know the joy of mountains, but they don't know the joy of people; People know the pleasure of swimming from the satrap, but I don't know that the pleasure of the satrap is also fun. "This is a relief for a man who has experienced vicissitudes of life and has been bumpy in his official career for decades. From the eighth year of Tiansheng (1030), Ouyang Xiu, who was only 23 years old, began his political career. Back and forth, he tried his best to actively assist Fan Zhongyan in reforming his internal affairs. Finally, he was rejected by evil spirits and demoted by officials. His ideal could not be realized, but after being demoted to Chuzhou, he achieved gratifying results, which was a comfortable enjoyment for Ouyang Xiu, who was busy and tired! The happy life of Chuzhou people gave him great comfort, and the scenery in front of him brought him into a quiet realm. He was intoxicated, but not by wine, but by beautiful scenery and quiet life. Here, birds are happy because of the mountains, people are happy because of the travel of the satrap, and the satrap is happy because of the happiness of the people. He has a beautiful environment, pleasant body and mind, comfortable and carefree, and can't help getting drunk. Ouyang Xiu was pale and white-haired, sitting in the crowd with his eyes closed slightly. The scenery in front of us is beautiful and people are very happy. Ouyang Xiu was also enveloped and intoxicated by this harmonious atmosphere. Ouyang Xiu claimed that "the meaning of drunkenness is not in wine", and he was broad-minded and self-released, getting rid of the ups and downs of the official sea and the disturbance of the world. In this landscape far away from the city, he immersed his mind in a leisurely and quiet situation and gained a sense of balance and harmony. This feeling pervades the Zuiweng Pavilion, making the article picturesque, elegant and natural, and smooth. Appreciation of poetry and painting, colorful-comment on Ouyang Xiu's Zuiweng Pavilion, which is a beautiful prose. This essay is poetic and unique in style, which is really rare in China's ancient literary works. Beautiful artistic conception. Good prose should be poetry, creating beautiful artistic conception. The so-called artistic conception, including meaning and context, is an artistic picture that permeates the author's subjective feelings. Excellent prose should have beautiful pictures, giving readers a unique aesthetic feeling and pleasing to the eye. The ideological meaning of Zuiweng Pavilion is a word of "music", which is the music in "drunkenness", like a colored line, connecting various pictures. And "the meaning of drunkenness is not wine" and "care about mountains and rivers". Indulge in trees and mountains is the author's real intention. The conception of prose is like setting up a notebook, and the author writes a beautiful "environment" according to this "meaning", so as to achieve the blending of emotion and scenery and the harmony between meaning and environment. The author describes the realm of prose from these aspects. First, the beauty of mountains and rivers. In the author's pen, the distance of Zuiweng Pavilion is a landscape painting. There are mountains, springs, forests and pavilions. But the author does not use ink in isolation, but interweaves it together, which is both beautiful and diverse. The "magnificent" Langshan Mountain is picturesque and winding. With mountains as the background and spring all around. Shenlin Road is winding, and the spring flows winding, so "there are pavilions on the spring", which is surrounded by mountains and waters, showing the clearness of the spring, while pavilions and pavilions are located by the spring, which has a unique scenery. In this way, without mountains, the brewing spring is not beautiful; Without spring, Qingshan is lonely. Without a pavilion, the mountain spring is eclipsed; With springs, pavilions are more interesting. The mountain springs depend on each other, and the spring pavilions set each other off. In a painting, there are all kinds of landscapes and pavilions, which reflect colors and form a poetic and beautiful realm. Second, the beauty of change in the morning and evening. The author wrote about the beautiful scenery of Zuiweng Pavilion changing in the morning and evening. "The rising sun rises, flowers bloom in the forest, clouds return to the cave, changes are bright, and sooner or later in the mountains." On Dongshan Mountain, the sun shines directly on the earth. The lush forest was originally shrouded in gauze-like fog, but after the sun shone, the fog disappeared and showed a fresh green color. In the evening, as the sun sets, the cave is in complete darkness. The author vividly described the different scenery in the morning and evening. Because the morning and evening are different, the tone and atmosphere of the author's pen are also different. In the morning, there is a quiet and fresh breath, and at night, there is a dark image and a hazy atmosphere. The author's observation of landscape changes is thorough and meticulous, and his brushwork is like silk, and he writes different realms according to different scenes. Third, the change of the four seasons is beautiful. The author not only wrote the scenery in the morning and evening, but also further developed the pen and ink with Zuiweng Pavilion as the center, describing the scenery changes of the four seasons. "Wild incense is fragrant, beautiful wood is cloudy, wind and frost are expensive, the truth comes out, and it is also in the mountains at four o'clock", which is indeed a vivid pen. The author has carefully selected the most distinctive scenery to describe here. The grass is growing, and the fragrance is spring; Tall trees and lush branches and leaves are the scenery in summer; The wind is bleak, and first frost paves the way for autumn; The water is thin and the stone is dry, and the vegetation is withered. With the change of the four seasons, the scenery is different and each has its own realm. There are four plates, which are changing and give people different aesthetic enjoyment. The four plates are facing each other at the same time, and the spring scenery is like the sea facing the autumn cold; The lush summer sets off the cold winter scenery. Fourth, the beauty of dynamic and static contrast. What are your interests in prose landscape painting? Same scenery, same pen, same modality. ! Ouyang Xiu always pays attention to the dynamic and static changes of things in this essay. Let's talk about the dynamic and static contrast between scenery and scenery first. The majestic Wolf Mountain is static, the gurgling spring is dynamic, the mountains are lush and pleasing to the eye, and the sound of spring is beautiful, which set each other off. "The Woods are overcast, singing above and singing below", and the silence of the trees contrasts with the singing of birds, which complement each other. Let's talk about the contrast between the scenery and the characters. "Sunset in the mountains, the characters are scattered, and the guests are smooth." The setting sun resting on the top of the mountain is its quietness, the figure moves away and returns to dusk one after another is its movement. Static scenery and dynamic people set each other off. Finally, the dynamic and static contrast between the characters. "The loser sings on the way, and the walker rests on the tree." There is singing and resting, and there is movement and silence. "All the guests are happy when they sit up and make noise. The white hair is white, and the middle one is too drunk. " In contrast to the noisy movements of the guests and the quiet silence of self-restraint, it is full of life. Due to the author's comparison in many aspects, the artistic conception of the prose is vivid and vivid, and the scenery, water color, human feelings and drunkenness are integrated into one painting, each with his own feelings. Exquisite structure. Prose, as the name implies, should be scattered, but it is not irrelevant. Be scattered with God, scattered but not chaotic. The ingenious structure of Zuiweng Pavilion deserves serious study. Gold thread and beading. The Drunken Pavilion seems to be messy, but it is not messy at all, although sometimes the mountains are covered with cloth, sometimes the water flows into the box, and sometimes the human feelings are vividly on the paper. The first reason is that the author has a gold thread in his hand. This golden thread is the author's subjective feelings-"music" and "music" in drunkenness. Because of this, the beginning, inheritance, transformation and combination of the article are all dominated by the ups and downs of the author's subjective feelings and experiences. Writing about mountains and rivers is to express the joy of "winning the heart"; The endless journey of tourists is written to show the joy of human feelings; It is the expression of "the joy of feasting" to write the wine-making spring as wine and set up wild vegetables and flowers. Writing songs and flying in the forest is to show the "joy of birds" and also to show the "pleasure of swimming" of satrap narcissism. I'm happy about everything, and I enjoy it. The full text is happy because of the scenery, and lyrical because of joy. In this way, writing all the way down is not a fragmented fragment, but a unified whole, just like a golden thread wearing a thousand pearls and jade, and a condenser collecting thousands of rays of sunshine. It is precisely because of a focus and a main skeleton that the dispersion of writing will be transformed into characteristics and appear calm and balanced. The more dispersed, the richer the flesh and blood of prose, the more vitality and content of prose. The winding path leads to a secluded place. There is such a saying in "Zuiweng Pavilion": "There is a pavilion at the peak." It is appropriate to use this sentence to describe the structural characteristics of this essay. The author's writing of different scenes and colorful scenery at four o'clock in the morning can be described as ingenious and painstaking. The author put a lot of thought into writing the location of Zuiweng Pavilion. He didn't say it directly, but wrote it zigzag. At the beginning of the article, there are five layers of pen and ink, "all the mountains around Chu", one layer; "Southwest Group Peak", the first floor; Deep show "Lang", the first floor; Gurgling spring, first floor; "Pavilion with wings", first floor. The five layers of pen and ink are not evenly divided, but baked and dyed layer by layer, step by step. First use a large lens, a long lens, then push it into a small lens, a short lens, and finally jump into a close-up, uneven, straight and 10% off. Write the mountain scenery of Chuzhou with a sketch first, incisively and vividly. The next word "you", the articles overlap, bringing out "Southwest Group Peak". Add another word "Wang" and the line of sight will be focused. After using vision, then using hearing, "the sound of water gurgles", so the spring water is brewed into a painting. Then, with the word "back" and "turn", Zuiwengting came into view and entered the scroll. When using a pen, the author seems to be hunting in the wild, and gradually circles a small area. This not only makes people know where Zuiweng Pavilion is, but also highlights its beauty through layer-by-layer comparison. This description makes this exhibition hall unique; With such a pen, "writing style" is extraordinary. For example, at the end of the article, in order to highlight "the joy of being a satrap", the author also used a layered brushwork. Use the joy of birds to compare everyone's joy, and then use everyone's joy to compare the joy of the satrap. In this way, the joy of satrap has been pushed to the peak in countless comparisons, showing the superiority of subjective feelings and experiences. Respond well. There is a foreshadowing before, and there is a decision after; The third feature of the structural arrangement of Zuiweng Pavilion is that ink is hidden at the beginning and there is a gap at the end. The article begins with: "Who's the name? Taishou calls himself. " But the satrap is also "whose name"? Press the table temporarily, bury seeds, and urge people to read. It was not until the end of the article that he said, "Who is the satrap? Fuling Ouyang Xiu also. " Play the photo effect from beginning to end. For example, "Taishou Music" echoes "The Music of Mountains and Rivers", and the music comes from mountains and rivers, so Taishou Music has a basis. "White-haired, self-effacing, Taishou drunk" takes care of "Taishou and guests come here to drink, drink less and get drunk, reaching the highest age". Old age, and beautiful scenery, too drunk. Another example is "the sunset is in the mountains, and people are scattered". Because the season is late, it just takes care of the above-mentioned "returning at dusk" and concretizes this sentence. Paying attention to echo and care everywhere will make the internal structure of the article clear, rigorous and meticulous, and impeccable. Excellent language. Zuiwengting's language is very distinctive, with beautiful style, concise words and sonorous syllables, which is perfect, with beautiful pictures and music. First of all, the language of Zuiwengting is highly generalized and rich in meaning. The most prominent thing is that the idea of "getting drunk is not for the sake of wine" and "getting to the bottom" advocated by the author in this paper has been used by contemporary and later writers. For example, when Su Shi wrote about the scenery on the river at the turn of autumn and winter in his famous poem "Red Wall Fu", he directly borrowed the word "getting to the bottom". Moreover, due to the author's clever use of words and extensive generalization, "the meaning of drunkenness is not in wine" and "getting to the bottom" has evolved into a stable and standardized idiom, which has played its extended significance. Secondly, the language of Zuiweng Pavilion is concise, crystal clear and fluent. This is the result of the author's good observation of things, incisively capturing the essential characteristics of things and refining them. For example, the difference between morning and dusk can be summarized in just two sentences: "At sunrise, flowers bloom in the forest and clouds return to the cave." Forests, rocks, early morning air and twilight are all common things in the mountains. I can write and cut the scenery. At the same time, "Chu" and "Kai" are subordinate relations, and "Kai" is the result of "Chu". "Discipline" and "training" are interlinked, and "discipline" is the premise of "training". Verbs are superb and mutually causal, which makes the changing mountain scenery realistic and imminent. Another example is the scenery of the four seasons. The author uniquely captures typical scenes with seasonal characteristics. The fragrance in spring, the complexity in summer, the cleanliness in autumn and the water in winter are all ironed accurately. Another example is "singing up and down in the shade". The first sentence is written in color, and the second sentence is transmitted by sound, which has both color and color. There are several characters who will show the Twilight scene. Another example is the "winged pavilion". Just a metaphor, the shape and style of the pavilion are painted like birds spreading their wings and flying in the air. "Drunk Pavilion" also left a literary story that scrutinized sentences and was told by people. Zhu, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty, wrote: "Ou Gong (according to: referring to Ouyang Xiu) is also a revision of beauty. Someone bought his draft of the preface to the drunken pavilion. At first, he said that "Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains" and there are several crosses there. Later, it was changed, and only the words' Chu is surrounded by mountains' were used. " (Volume 139 of The Complete Works of Zhuzi Genre) Filter and brew the moisture in the text, concentrate the language capacity, make it clear that all the words can be understood, and one word is worth a thousand words, so as to achieve the purpose of meticulous work. Third, the drunken pavilion language is melodious. The full text almost always ends with "Ye", which runs through it all the time. There is no harm in repeating it, but it has a sigh rhyme. Although it is prose, it borrows the language expression form of poetry, which is scattered and holistic and changeable. He arranged many antithetical sentences to make the sentence structure stable in the arrangement order. There are pairs of simple sentences, such as "flowers in the sunrise forest" and "clouds return to the cave"; "Wild fragrance is rich" is opposite to "beautiful wood regains shade". In pairs, there are two sentences: "Fish is near the stream, and the stream is deep and fish is fat" and "Spring wine is brewed, and spring fragrance is bottled". Although the author was influenced by parallel prose, he did not eat it, but created it, melted to the bottom of the pen and became natural. No affectation, no affectation. This makes the tongue feel smooth; Listening, I feel clear, rhythmic and musical. Ouyang Xiu played a special role in the literary innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty. He swept away the flashy literary trend in the Tang and Five Dynasties and established a fresh, beautiful, vigorous and euphemistic literary style. This "drunken pavilion" is the best artistic practice advocated by his literature. (Selected from Appreciation of Chinese Classical Literature, Shanxi People's Publishing House, 1982 edition) Appreciation III The Preface to Drunk Pavilion is Ouyang Xiu's masterpiece. As a person, I like this masterpiece very much. The most important reason is that its mental outlook is optimistic. At the time of writing, the background was that Ouyang Xiu failed to participate in Fan Zhongyan's political reform and Ouyang Xiu was demoted. This article was created when the author relegated Chuzhou. Writing an article about The Journey to the West is also degrading, but the feelings expressed are quite different. The main line running through the full text of Zuiweng Pavilion is the word "Le". Drunkenness and happiness are unified, "drunkenness" is the appearance, "happiness" is the essence, and writing drunkenness is for Syaraku. The composition of scenery in the article is very heavy, so it is not surprising that the word drunk has been mentioned many times. Because since you write about pavilions, you should write about the scenery of pavilions; Because the pavilion is named "Drunken Weng", I want to write the meaning of naming, which is a necessary foil. The article begins to write Langya, whether it is "hiking" or "listening to the sound of water", there is a word "music". After breaking the title sentence "the meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but in mountains and rivers", I added another sentence, and then I understood the main line of the full text from "the joy of mountains and rivers" In the following, "the joy of mountains and rivers" is slightly expanded, and the scenes of mid-evening and four o'clock are written, and it is pointed out that "the joy is endless", which makes readers feel immersive. However, it is not surprising that everyone has experienced this kind of "fun". The connotation of "music" will be deepened when the Chu people travel, and the Taishou Yan and all the guests are happy, because not only the Taishou and the guests, but also the people in Chuzhou can indulge in the scenery, which is unusual. It is also meaningful to end this happy scene with "being too drunk", which shows that the meaning of "drunkenness" lies not only in the people of a country. At the end of the article, the meaning of "drunkenness is not in wine" is used to unify "drunkenness" and "music", making the finishing point and outlining a theme. Another major feature of this article is the natural combination of quietness and lyricism. The article first describes the prospect of the pavilion, because the pavilion is located in Langya Mountain, so I put pen to paper from here, using "Wei Ran Shen Xiu" to express its appearance, and using "the sound of water gurgling" and "the twists and turns" to express its posture, which is pleasing to the eye. Then write a close-up of the pavilion. Compared with writing wings, it means flying in the air. But by explaining the name to express the author's mind directly, the famous sentence "The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but in mountains and rivers" has laid the lyric tone of the full text. The following is carried out from two aspects; First, write about the natural scenery around the pavilion to express the author's intention of indulging in the landscape with "endless joy"; Secondly, writing the scene of Chuzhou people enjoying themselves together, trying to write the happy mode of Chuzhou people in this quiet life, and specially shaping the image of Taishou being drunk, using this vivid genre painting to show the scene of political clarity from the side, and also expressing the author's political ideal of "having fun with the people". This paper is also very distinctive in the use of language, with changeable rhythm and easy to recite. First of all, the language of this paper is highly generalized and rich in meaning. The most prominent thing is that "the meaning of drunkenness is not in wine" and "getting to the bottom" initiated by the author in this paper have been used by contemporary and later writers. Secondly, the language of Zuiweng Pavilion is concise and accurate. Once again, the "drunken pavilion" language is arrogant and the athletes are pleasing to the ear. The full text almost ends with "Ye", which is the same throughout, without praise and annoyance, but with the agility and charm of singing and sighing.