Internal and external working reading materials
I'm afraid everyone who loves calligraphy today knows Mr. Qi Gong. Mr. Qi Gong's calligraphy works are unique, elegant, elegant and fresh, which have far-reaching influence at home and abroad. However, some people may not know that calligraphy is just his "sideline" Mr. Qi Gong is a professor and doctoral supervisor of classical literature in Chinese Department of Beijing Normal University. He has made great achievements in the study of A Dream of Red Mansions, classical poetry and Chinese language. Not only that, he is also the authority of cultural relics appraisal in China, a famous poet and painter. His poems, books and paintings can be called "three wonders". The reason why Mr. Qi Gong has made such high achievements in calligraphy art is inseparable from his profound knowledge and cultivation.
Of course, if you want to make achievements in the art of calligraphy, you can't do without hard work. Mr. Qi Gong has made great efforts in the art of calligraphy. British philosopher Bacon said, "If you are lame but not fascinated, you can catch up with those who are flying fast but go astray." This metaphor profoundly illustrates the relationship between hard work and correct methods in learning. When he was young, Mr. Qi Gong studied painting with Mr. Park Xuezhai, a famous painter at home and abroad. Mr. Park Xuezhai has a profound knowledge of Chinese studies. Although he didn't spend much time on painting, his level is perfect. He told Mr. Qi Gong, who was determined to become a painter, to focus on learning poetry, but painting was the second. This fully proves that it is difficult to reach a higher level simply by learning a certain skill. Everyone has a broad cultural and academic background. Learning calligraphy requires both "internal strength" and "external strength". For the practice of posture and strokes, it can be counted as internal strength; Mastering the breadth and depth of relevant knowledge other than calligraphy belongs to external work. Without internal work, there is no calligraphy art, and without external work, there is no high-level art. Learning should pay attention to methods. Real methods are not equal to cheap "crash". We can realize from Mr. Qi Gong's achievements that the correct learning method should be gradual and have a solid foundation. "To learn poetry, your kung fu is above poetry." This is true of learning poetry, calligraphy and other subjects.
Mr. Qi Gong wrote a lot. As far as calligraphy theory is concerned, many works have been published. On Book Poetry is one of the representatives. From this, we can appreciate Mr. Wang's extensive knowledge and find ways to learn calligraphy. Jueju on Books is a unique work that comments on calligraphers, calligraphy and inscriptions in the past dynasties in the form of poetry. The book contains 65,438+000 poems written by Mr. Qi Gong, and explains each poem in detail, including more than 280 kinds of inscriptions and related books, involving more than 230 calligraphers and calligraphy theorists in past dynasties. Mr. Qi Gong has a wonderful analysis of these stone tablets and calligraphy, calligraphy theorists, from life stories to styles and schools, and even the subtle differences in the use of pens. He is very insightful. For example, regarding the relationship between ink and inscriptions, Mr. Qi Gong advocated "replacing knives with pens" and "seeing pens with blades". He believes that only by looking at ink can we better learn the vivid brushstrokes and turning points of the previous generation of calligraphers, but the inscriptions can not be ignored. We should try to figure out the actual situation of previous pen use, rather than copying the inscriptions. On the relationship between pen and structure, Mr. Qi Gong emphasized the importance of structure, especially when he found that the calligraphy structure should conform to the golden ratio, which was a great invention in the history of calligraphy.
From Mr. Qi Gong's calligraphy, I think of our present education. Today's education attaches great importance to the detailed division of natural science, technical training and subject system, which of course greatly promotes the development of science and social progress. However, the division of disciplines is too fine and professional thinking is too strong, which makes some professionals have serious congenital defects and it is difficult to make first-class achievements in science and art. Taking calligraphy as an example, some calligraphy lovers simply practice calligraphy and ignore the improvement of comprehensive quality, resulting in some calligraphy works with vulgar style, lack of elegant temperament, not to mention bookish spirit. Some people's calligraphy works are actually a lot of mistakes, which are incompatible with the elegant art of calligraphy. This phenomenon does not only exist in calligraphy. At the recently concluded National Young Singers Grand Prix, some professional singers who entered the final stage could not answer the cultural knowledge questions at junior high school level, which made people feel both funny and sad. Therefore, it is an important learning method to strengthen the promotion of external skills while paying attention to practicing internal skills. But to seek some irrelevant "know-how" and "quick success", only haste makes waste. From the works of Mr. Qi Gong. We can get many useful inspirations.
Reading topics for internal and external work
1. The following are incorrect understandings of internal and external work: * * * * * *
A. The practice of learning calligraphy, shelves and strokes can be regarded as internal work, while the breadth and depth of mastering relevant knowledge other than calligraphy belongs to external work.
B. Mr. Park Xuezhai has a profound knowledge of Chinese studies. Although he didn't spend much time on painting, his level is perfect. Teacher Pu's perfect painting skill is his internal strength, and his profound knowledge of Chinese studies is his external strength.
C. For Mr. Qi Gong, calligraphy is only his "sideline", while studying classical literature, classical poetry and China language and writing is his "proper business". Therefore, his achievements in the "main business" show internal strength, and his achievements in the "sideline business" show external strength.
D. Internal work is the specialized knowledge, skills and theoretical accomplishment that a person needs to engage in a certain major, while external work is the profound cultural and academic foundation related to this major.
2. The following explanation of the book On Poetry is incorrect: * * * * *
A "On Jueju" is a work by calligraphy theory.
On Poetry is a unique work that evaluates calligraphers, calligraphy and inscriptions.
C through the detailed explanation of each poem, more than 280 kinds of inscriptions and more than 230 calligraphers and calligraphers involved in Lun Shu Jue Sentence are introduced and analyzed.
D On Poetry is the product of the perfect combination of Mr. Qi Gong's internal and external skills. Represents the highest achievement of his calligraphy art.
Bacon said, "If you are lame and don't get lost, you can catch up with those who run fast but go astray." The article quotes this sentence to illustrate * * * *
A. We should not only pay attention to the study of our professional knowledge, but also try our best to broaden our knowledge.
B. "To learn poetry, your kung fu is better than poetry." This is true of learning poetry, calligraphy and other subjects.
C. To achieve something in a certain major, we should not only have the spirit of hard work, but also have the correct learning methods.
D. Cheap "crash" and irrelevant "know-how" are those who go astray and walk like flies, haste makes waste.
According to the information provided in the original text, the following inference is correct: * * * * *
A. Our current education only pays attention to natural science and technical training. The division of disciplines is too fine and professional thinking is too strong, which makes some professionals have serious congenital defects. So it is difficult to produce a world-class master of science.
B. Some people's calligraphy works actually have many writing mistakes, which shows that the calligraphy celebrities or calligraphy works he studied with are also full of mistakes.
C. From the fact that some professional singers can't answer the cultural knowledge questions at the junior high school level, it can be seen that the overall quality of stars in the entertainment and sports circles in China is really low.
D. Qi Gong found that the structure of calligraphy should conform to the golden ratio. The article calls it a great invention in the history of calligraphy, which shows that no calligrapher's writing structure conforms to the golden ratio before qigong.
Internal and external work reading answers
1.C
2.D
3.C
4.A