Keywords WAFei, New Interpretation, Chinese Textbook Chinese Publishing House, Chinese Textbook for Middle School, Grade 8 [①] The fifth lesson is a poem named Dayan River-My Nanny written by the poet Ai Qing, in which "Dayan River, today I saw the snow and thought of you:/Your snow-covered grass grave,/WAFei who died under the eaves of your closed former residence, There are no comments below the text. Modern Chinese Dictionary [1] (hereinafter referred to as Modern Chinese), Cihai [2] and Chinese Dictionary [3] (hereinafter referred to as Chinese Dictionary) are not included, and they are not explained in other commonly used dictionaries, so "Wa Fei" should be regarded as an uncommon word. Junior high school students have not been able to solve the explanation of obscure words by themselves. They can only look it up in the dictionary directly, and it is enough to find out directly. But if you can't find it, you can't solve it naturally, so take notes in the article. As far as language units are concerned, "Wafei" is a word rather than a phrase, which is beyond doubt, because no other elements can be inserted between "Wafei" and "Fei". According to the analysis of the meaning of "tile fertilizer", the meaning of "tile fertilizer" is easy to understand, that is, it is a building material used for roofing, made of soil or cement; However, the meaning of "non" is not easy to understand. Look up the reference book: Modern Chinese, "Fei (fēi)" has two prefixes. " Fee 1, beautiful and fragrant flowers. ""phenanthrene 2, organic compound, molecular formula C 14H 10. Colorless crystal, fluorescent, is an isomer of anthracene. Used to make fuel, medicine, etc. "Fei (fěi)" has two meanings: "① Ancient books refer to radish and other vegetables. ②& lt； Book > Modesty (mostly modesty). " The meanings of "Fei" in Ci Hai are listed as follows: ① fěi, ① Turnip (according to Modern Han), ① Biennial herb with fleshy roots, white or red, flat or long leaves, long and narrow leaves, big notches and yellow flowers. Tubers can be used as vegetables. ② The tuberous root of this plant. ") plants. ② A kind of "fluorene", namely Swertia (modern Chinese: Swertia, Cruciferae). Panicum miliaceum. The leaves are pinnately divided. Flowers in early summer, lavender flowers, racemes. The pod is quadrangular and has a beak-like mouth. Produced in North China and Central China. Usually planted for viewing; Serve as a vegetable. ”)。 ③ Microscopy; Thin. Second, fēi, ① Flowers or incense are full of posture. ② Organic compounds. ..... three fèi, pass "Ye", sandals. There are three prefixes in the column "Fei" in the Great Dictionary. Philippines 1(fěi), ① refers to ancient radish and other vegetables. 2 meager, make it meager. Fee 2(fēi), the flowers and plants are fragrant and beautiful. Fee 3(fèi), pass the "leaf". Straw shoes. Look at the meaning of "tile". Which of the above meanings of "fly" can be combined with the meaning of "tile fly"? I don't think even professionals with certain document reading ability can be sure. The poem "Dayan River ―― My Nanny" was originally a passage in a high school Chinese textbook and was included in the fourth volume of high school Chinese by People's Education Publishing House. The explanation of the word in the following note is as follows: "Grass grows in the cracks of [Wafi's] house tiles." [2] This poem has also been selected into "Normal Chinese" (4) compiled by the Teachers' Teaching and Research Section of Beijing Institute of Education, and the word "wild flowers and weeds growing on the roof tiles" has been annotated under the poem. In the Philippines, flowers and plants are lush and beautiful. " [3] Obviously, the second explanation is problematic, because what grows on the roof tiles must be wild and cannot be planted artificially. Why are there plants on the roof tiles? Therefore, the definition of "wild" is redundant, and certainly does not refer to modern gardening plants planted on roofs. But whether "Fei" refers to "grass" or "flowers and plants" is still unknown. We consider that "Wafei" may be the dialect of the poet Ai Qing's hometown, because "Ai Qing said this poem more than once, which is true, autobiographical and written out of gratitude. Daxie River does exist. " [4] Ai Qing was born in Fantianjiang Village, more than 70 miles north of Jinhua, Zhejiang. So I made a small survey to my friends in Jinhua by phone. I didn't expect my friends to ask many students in the countryside near Jinhua, but they didn't even know what "Wafi" meant, which was puzzling. I looked up some related ancient Chinese materials and found no consistent explanation with the two Chinese textbooks mentioned above. Therefore, we want to investigate the use cases of the contemporary word "Wafi" and try to summarize the exact meaning of "Wafi" through use case analysis. We found some use cases of "Wafi" through online search, and the choices are as follows: 1. Li Yichi's prose poem A Night in Pasadena: "Tonight, it snows in my hometown. It is snowing in the forest in the north. Snow falls in Wafi's old house. Snow falls on the road outside the village and between the haystacks. 2. On the night when Jukai (net name) "Through the autumn of missing, I looked at the full moon on the horizon and smiled, but I didn't feel the sadness of missing at all": "But I walked forward carefully, and it was inevitable that I would suffer a little, and finally I arrived at the deserted house. The yard is covered with mugwort, and even the roof has a lot of waffles. "3. Xiaoli Guo's A Roaming in Guilin:" On the top floor of Zhao Shujia's three-story building, you can have a panoramic view of the fishing village. The old houses are all blue bricks and black tiles, and the horse's head rides on the wall and is scattered in the shade, revealing the blue-gray wall and the eaves of Wafi. " (Excerpted from Sina. com) 4。 The Wandering Years by Old D (net name): "Four old ladies are sitting in a dark hut. Outside the house is a very lush tree with a green waffle on it, and outside the courtyard wall is a dead alley. "5. Fu Yi Wa Fei:" I still remember the noise and gentleness of Shantang Street that winter. When I walked through the winter in Suzhou, I remember a dead frog flying in the long wind soaked in rain at the eaves of dark houses and in the deep and wet patio ... "6. Li Yanfeng, Feng Ying, Shi Chunming, Shi Chunming. This is the simplest and most common gatehouse in Gannan District. There are several horses tied to the door. The clusters of tiles and the half-collapsed walls on both sides on the gatehouse show the poverty and desolation of this courtyard. 7. Zhang Shiwen's Desire Event: "Beauty Yi Yun fell in love with this old house in Kutokuhayashi Lane, which can no longer be called a road, street or lane. The cross section of the trapezoidal wall is slightly bulging, and moss and waffles grow in the cracks in the wall. The wall is always bulging, like a beauty who has been pregnant for thousands of years. Achnatherum splendens even grows on the roof platform. ..... Mud comes from cracks in stones lying flat on the ground. Some grass grows in more gaps. Moss on the wall, waffy on the roof, and spontaneous grass on the floor are all growing. ..... The boatman Mr. Tomosuke looked out of the window of the hut and saw a bird with gray wings like tiger and leopard crouching in the corner of the ancient stone courtyard, where it looked like a living Buddha. Behind is the blue sky and white clouds, and in front is the ancient wall Wafi, sunshine and shadow. " 8. Ah, infatuation is absolute [5]: "There is no waffle you made on the roof I love" 9. "Old House": "Sometimes I think of the blue waffles/lonely time is easy to get dusty/the old house that I can see from afar is so close/the closed doors and windows have nothing to do with the past time" "On that windy evening, the sunset dyed half the sky red and the earth was dusty. In the west wind ... "(from Gourd Elf) 1 1. Yu Wen's Love in Baiyun Mountain: "When I entered Baiyun Mountain, I saw a low hut with a green lawn and a broken door" 12. Lee Dong Hae's Dedicated to Ai Qing 14. Huang Xusheng's "Tile": "Tile is a bronze mirror with a long history. The wind shines on it to reflect rain. The rain shines on it to reflect wind. The sun shines on it to reflect Wafi" 15. The ground-breaking "culpable of punishment": "I want to break free/I only fight for helplessness and loneliness/Wafi falls on the wall/the wind only blows. Hangover/knocking on the windowsill:/You really left "17. Sha Fei's Conversation with Wizards: "Always go to hell-/Cut the tender buds of Wafei in March for food/take it for half a year/jump several times if you can't" From the above use cases, we can sum up the meaning and usage characteristics of Wafei. 1."Wafei" means overgrown with weeds, such as green bristlegrass, not flowers or moss. (1) "Baby Princess" has the characteristics of grass growth. For example, there are many tiles on the roof in Example 2, tiles on the eaves in Example 3, tiles on the gatehouse in Example 6 and blue tiles in Example 9. Of course, some individuals also grow in isolation, such as Example 5, "There is a dead wafer". (2) "Wafei" is generally "green", but it is not described as bright and beautiful as a flower. Example 4 "Green Waffle Growing on Corrugated Surface", example 1 1 "Green Waffle", example 16 "Blue Waffle". (3) In some places, it is clearly pointed out that "Wafei" is essentially "grass", which is not moss, but should be native grass in other places except the ground. For example, 10 "the dog tail grass in the Nawafei on the roof of the earth", since "Wafei" contains "green bristlegrass", then "Wafei" may be a kind of grass; Example 17 "Cut the tender buds of March Wafei for cooking", and "tender buds" are generally referred to as "grass"; Example 7 "Moss seems to be infected in the cracks in the wall, but the waffles are still growing" proves that the waffles are not moss, "There are mosses on the wall, waffles on the roof, and spontaneous grass on the ground". It is further said that the grass referred to by Dr. Minghua must not be "spontaneous grass on the ground", and it may grow anywhere except the grass on the ground. (4) "Wafei" is often used in the language of literary works and generally grows on the roofs, eaves, gatehouses and walls of old houses. Describing its growth state, whether it is lush or withered, will generally set off a desolate, depressed and barren situation. Under such circumstances, if "Wafi" contains "flowers", it will naturally add bright colors, which is very out of harmony with the natural environment described in literature. So "Wafi" can't mean "flowers" and "grass" at the same time. This is the case in many of the above examples. 2. As far as the place of growth is concerned, "Wafi" does not necessarily grow only on roof tiles, but also on roofs, eaves, gatehouses or walls. (1) As far as roofs, eaves or gatehouses are concerned, they may or may not grow on tiles. For example, 4, 14 directly indicates that the Wafi is long on the corrugated surface. However, examples 2, 7, 3, 10, 12, example 6, etc. It is not specified whether they grow on tiles. (2) Examples 5, 7 and 15 clearly show that "Wafei" can grow on the wall. Such as brick cracks and stone cracks in the wall. From this, we think that "tile flying" originally refers to grass growing on corrugated roofs or cracks in tiles, and later refers to weeds such as foxtail grass growing on roofs, eaves, gatehouses and walls of old houses. The explanation of "baby princess" in the original textbook of Chinese for senior high school published by People's Education Press and "Normal Chinese" compiled by the teaching and research section of Beijing Institute of Education is not accurate enough, but the former is relatively better and basically conforms to the contextual meaning of words. However, in 2003, the new version of the eighth grade middle school Chinese textbook of Chinese Publishing House included the original text in the textbook of high school or normal school, but there was no comment on the word "baby princess", which was a deficiency. Because students can't solve it through a word dictionary and have no relevant life experience, they can't understand the meaning of words. Especially now, children in many big cities may not see the tiles on the roof, let alone the grass in the cracks in the tiles on the roof, because they live in buildings, so they don't understand the meaning of "Wafi". As for the pronunciation of "Wafei" and "Fei", we should read fēi, that is, the first sound, second sound and big dictionary of modern Chinese, which should mean "grass".