(2) Poems about things: The characteristics of poems about things: take something as the object of description in content, grasp some characteristics of it and describe it intentionally. Ideologically, it is often to express one's wishes. From things to people, from reality to nothingness, write spiritual character. Commonly used metaphor, symbol, personification and contrast.
(3) Landscape pastoral poetry: Xie Lingyun initiated landscape poetry and Tao Yuanming initiated pastoral poetry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the school of pastoral poetry, represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, appeared. Landscape pastoral poetry is good at describing natural scenery, pastoral scenery and comfortable seclusion life, with meaningful and beautiful poetic landscape, quiet and elegant style and clear and elegant language.
(4) Frontier poems: From the pre-Qin period, there were poems describing frontier fortress and war, but in the Tang Dynasty, because wars were still frequent, the rulers valued martial arts over literature, and it was easier for literati to win fame in the frontier fortress court than in the imperial examination. In addition, in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the atmosphere of active use of the world and high spirits has made great progress, so the frontier poems in foreign countries have developed greatly and formed a new school of poetry.
(5) Travel poems and in my heart forever's poems: The ancients, who left home for a long time, or drifted for a long time, or guarded the border for a long time, always caused strong homesickness, so there are many such poems. They either write about the thoughts of traveling, or about missing relatives and friends, or about homesickness, or about being pregnant in a boudoir. In writing, I feel hurt by touching the scene, feeling in time, expressing my feelings with things, expressing my feelings because of dreams, or expressing my feelings with wonderful metaphors.
(6) Farewell poems: In ancient times, due to inconvenient transportation and underdeveloped communication, it was often difficult for relatives and friends to meet each other for several years, so the ancients paid special attention to parting. On the occasion of parting, people often set up wine farewell parties, fold willows to send them away, and sometimes sing poems to bid farewell, so parting has become an eternal theme of ancient literati. Because everyone's situation is different, the specific content and ideological tendency written in farewell poems are often different.
The poems developed from the material are full of the author's thoughts and feelings and rich imagination. The language is concise and vivid, the rhythm is distinct, the rhyme is harmonious and full of musical beauty, and the sentences are generally in rows, paying attention to the beauty of structure and form.
He Qifang, a modern poet and literary critic in China, once said: "Poetry is the literary style that most strongly reflects social life. It is full of rich imagination and feelings, and it is often expressed in a direct lyrical way. Moreover, in the degree of exquisiteness and harmony, especially in the distinct rhythm, its language and prose are different. "
This definition summarizes several basic characteristics of poetry: first, it reflects life in a highly concentrated and general way; The second is lyrical expression, full of rich thoughts and feelings; Third, rich imagination, association and fantasy; Fourth, language has musical beauty.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-ancient poems