These narrative poems are based on the following lyric themes: loneliness, anxiety about the unknown, escape, love and death. Now these emotions are reflected by the emotions of different characters in the plot.
The narrative poem Dream (184 1) is the most mysterious and elusive poem in lermontov. Although the first sentence of the poem has indicated the place where the story takes place (Tajikistan Canyon), the time and place are uncertain and exotic, which are only shown through some details (steps of cliffs, mountains, sand in the canyon, bright sun).
Nabokov analyzed the original psychology and frame structure of this poem.
Someone (lermontov, or to be precise, his lyric hero) saw himself in a dream as if he had died in a valley in the mountains of the East Caucasus. This is the first person's dream.
The fatally wounded man (the second man) dreamed that a young lady was sitting at a banquet in Petersburg instead of sitting in a mansion in Moscow. This is the second dream in the first dream.
A young woman, sitting at a banquet, dreamed of a second person (who died at the end of the poem). He was lying in a valley in Tajikistan. This is the third dream, located in the second dream. The second dream appeared in the first dream. This constitutes a closed spiral structure that reminds us of the first sentence of the poem.
Unexpected plot arrangement, dream, mirror, twin role, Nabokov gave his own name to this wonderful article, triple dream. It is also found that these rings are composed of five four-sentence poems, which are essentially the same as the five short stories that constitute the contemporary heroes of the novel.
This original explanation is not necessarily related. The first lyric hero in the first personal dream and narrative poem is not clearly pointed out and described, but mentioned. But it can be said that the injured "I" is lying on the battlefield, waiting for death, not the author, but the second person said: this is a role lyric. Note that the image we saw in the second line of The Death of a Poet also belongs to Pushkin (chest full of lead, desire for revenge), (I lay motionless, my heart full of lead).
The name of this poem is not the death of soldiers, but dreams. The death hero met his beloved young woman in his dream before he died. The woman was also troubled by a sad dream in a pleasant conversation.
She dreamed of the valley of Tajikistan;
The familiar corpse lay there;
The wound on his chest is black,
Cold blood flowed out.
Time flows in narrative poems. In the first section, the hero is dying, and in the last section, the girl sees the familiar corpse. But the connection between characters and the authenticity of dreams are basically not shown.
The main events of narrative poetry are mysterious: the strange intersection of dreams and the mysterious induction between hearts.
In other narrative poems, lermontov described the external world in his narrative, and regarded the hero as a phenomenon and object in nature. But unlike fable writers, poets need these similar protagonists, not for moral education, but to express the customary environment of lyric objects.
The dark cloud of eternal freedom, unlike the lyrical hero, his hometown and his exile are unknown, he flies to an unknown distance. (Dark clouds)
The cliff is crying for the departure of happy clouds. (Cliff)
Lonely pine trees fantasize about seeing beautiful palm trees growing on the other side of the earth and on distant wasteland in their dreams. (on the cliff in the north)
The leaves of the oak tree separated from the branches can't find sympathy in the delicate and willful French phoenix tree: (Go away, you freak, I don't know! ("leaves")
Palm trees that dreamed of getting someone's eyes died under the axe like people: their leaves were called ideals, their branches were called bodies, and their burning in a bonfire was described as a terrible death sentence.
Their clothes were torn off by young children;
Then their bodies were cut into pieces;
Burn until dawn. (Three Palm Trees)
Lermontov not only revived nature, but also regarded nature as the main driving force of his creation.
But lermontov's romantic narrative poems have another form. "He created a new content of Russian poetry-a lyric prose, the shortest poetic novel about modern people." (лягинзбург)
The suicide note (1840) is like a dream. Once again, the dying hero and another woman in front of us are the women he missed in the last few minutes of his life. Similar lyric scenes, for short narrative poems, are full of trivial matters of daily life and psychological details.
His companion listened to the dying hero's monologue, pausing and making a slip of the tongue. It shows his injury accurately and concretely. Mingming died in the clinic: "Our doctor is very bad ..." He mentioned his parents whom he hadn't seen and contacted for a long time because he was drafted into the army. Maybe they have forgotten him long ago, or they think their son is dead. Finally, I began to mention the female neighbor with an empty heart. The hero just wants to tell her all the truth.
The relationship between the characters in the narrative poem Dream is unclear. This is obvious in the suicide note: the soldier loved and cared for his female neighbor all his life, and conveyed his last greetings to her before he died, expecting to get late and meaningless sympathy: this made her cry, which was meaningless to her.
The dialogue between the characters in lermontov's works is meaningful, which reminds people of the last sigh of the lyric hero in Pushkin's poem I Love You: Please let God make another person love you.
Like Polojinnori in the suicide note, lermontov's hero is an ordinary person with his own language, voice and problems. Here, but not the center of narrative poetry, the theme appears: people in the war. This theme became the theme of the poem "Valerica".
note:
dream
In the first half-day flame in Tajikistan valley
I lay motionless, my chest like lead.
The deep wound is still steaming.
My blood is dripping.
I lay alone in the sand of the canyon.
The cliff is crowded with bees from all directions.
The sun burned their yellow peaks.
It burned me too, but I had a dream of death.
I dreamed of dazzling flames.
Dear young ladies, a dinner party decorated with flowers
Heard a pleasant conversation about me.
But there is a girl who is meditating and sitting still.
Did not join in a pleasant conversation.
Her lovely heart was tortured by sad dreams.
God knows what she is suffering from.
She dreamed of Tajikistan valley.
Familiar with the body lying in the valley.
The wound on his chest is black.
Blew cold blood
184 1