Since the Han Dynasty, Confucian scholars have regarded the Book of Songs as a classic and included it as the Five Classics. Its original literariness has become a textbook closely related to politics and morality, which is the so-called "poetry teaching".
The 305 poems in The Book of Songs are divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode.
1, "wind" refers to local wind and folk songs, that is, folk songs in various places. The Wind contains 15 local folk songs, namely the Wind of Fifteen Countries, with a total of 160 pieces.
2. Ya is orthodox court music. "Elegance" is divided into "Elegance" (used for grand banquets) and "Elegance" (used for general banquets), with article 105.
3. "Ode" is a kind of music song for sacrifice, which is used in the royal ancestral temple to worship ancestors, pray and praise the gods. There are 40 articles.
The 305 poems in The Book of Songs widely reflect all aspects of social life at that time, covering politics, economy, ethics, astronomy, geography, diplomacy, customs, literature and art. They are known as the encyclopedia of life in ancient society and have a far-reaching influence on later generations.
The Book of Songs was edited in the late Spring and Autumn Period. It is said that Confucius once deleted the Book of Songs. By the Han Dynasty, there were four schools that taught The Book of Songs.
The poems of Yuan Gu in Qi are called Qi poems, Shen Peichuan in Lu is called Lu poems, Han Ying in Yan is called Han poems, and Mao Heng in Lu is called Mao poems.
By the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was recognized by officials and literati and gradually became popular, while the poems of Qi, Lu and Han gradually declined or even died out.
Extended data:
1, wind:
"Wind" contains folk songs from fifteen places, including Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places, most of which are folk songs from the Yellow River valley. There are 160 articles, which is the core content of The Book of Songs.
The fifteen national customs are: Nan Zhou 1 1, Zhao Nan 14, Bay 19, Yang 10, Feng Wei 10 and Feng Wang 10.
Qin Feng 10, Chen Feng 10, Qi Feng (i.e. Gujing) 4, 4, and Goldwind 7.
Nan Zhou's Guan Ju and Yao Tao, Feng Wei's On Cutting and Explaining Sparseness, and Qin Feng's Jia Xu are all famous masterpieces.
Appreciate:
"National Style" is the essence of The Book of Songs, and it is a bright pearl in the treasure house of China ancient literature. In July, we saw the life of slaves in tears, and in Cut Tan, we realized the awakening of the class consciousness of the exploited.
Dissatisfied slaves boldly put forward a just question to parasites and vampires who get something for nothing: "If you get something for nothing, you will lose something." ? If you don't raise or hunt, is there a county badger in Huzhan Pavilion? "Some poems also describe the workers' direct struggle with the ruling class in order to obtain the right to life.
2. Elegance
Ya is a music song near the capital of Zhou Dynasty, with 105 songs. Including Daya Xiaoya, ***3 1 article.
"Ya" is Ji's music. "Daya" mainly praises the ancestors of the Zhou royal family and even proclaims the merits of the king. Some poems also reflect the tyranny and chaos of Li and You Wang and their ruling crisis.
Most of the works of Daya were written in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and most of the authors were nobles, so they were noble, elegant and upright. As the old saying goes, elegance is the right sound of poetry. "Preface to Poetry": "Elegance is right, but words are useless. Politics is small and big, so there are "Xiaoya" and "elegance"
There are 74 existing Xiaoya, which were written from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the late years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, mostly during the Li, Xuan and Zhou Dynasties of Western Weekend. Some of Xiaoya's poems are similar to the national style, the most prominent of which is about war and labor.
Step 3 chant poems
There are 40 carols.
The explanation of ode was first found in Preface to Poetry: "The eulogist was described as beautiful and virtuous, and he also told the gods about his success." Confucius said in Mao Shi Zheng Yi that the word "Rong" was omitted under "ode". Zhu's Biography of Poetry says that the ancient words "ode" and "capacity" are universal.
When offering sacrifices to the ancestral temple, there are not only songs but also dances. "Singing and dancing" can be said to be the characteristic of ancestral temple music songs. Modern scholars also believe that Fu is the joy of offering sacrifices to ancestral temples, and some of it is dance music. Famous poems mainly include Qing Palace, Life of Wei Tian and Xixi.
Baidu Encyclopedia-The Book of Songs
Baidu Encyclopedia-Book of Songs-National Style