First, cut to the chase? Write down the topic?
The so-called "straight to the point" is a figurative statement, which means straight to the point. ?
Advantages: Point out the theme directly and stay on topic, which avoids the common problem that many students' compositions are full of "correct nonsense" at the beginning. ?
Exodus: Praise for poplars begins with the theme: "Poplars are extraordinary, I praise poplars!" This kind of writing is crisp and neat, and it is quick to get into the topic, so it is favored by many students.
Second, to promote, we must first suppress: can we brew twists and turns by storing sound?
Example: deskmate: alas! How can the teacher let me sit at the same table with her? She is the fiercest girl in our class! Because of this, everyone calls her "man and woman". ?
Third, quoting classics? Expose the inside story
Quoting epigrams, famous sayings, poems or proverbs at the beginning can enhance the momentum at the beginning, make people feel lofty and lofty, and achieve the effect of attracting readers and highlighting the center.
The following are common examples:
1. Poetry begins
Starting with a poem, it is magnificent and shocking. For example, "Don't be idle, wait for nothing." My father is over forty and his head is white, but he is still very ordinary.
2. The beginning of a proverb
Proverbs are familiar to children, which can make them feel cordial and stimulate their interest. For example, there is a proverb in China: "Three sticks can't make a fart." My father is a quiet man?
3. Celebrity quotes begin
This way of opening not only makes the meaning you want to express concise and informative, but also focuses on the main idea of the article, which plays the role of making the finishing point and adds a lot of color to the article. For example, a student wrote "self-confidence": Edison, a famous scientist, said: "Self-confidence is the first secret of success." Yes, with self-confidence and constant efforts, you can succeed. ?
4. Quote the beginning of the lyrics:?
Example: sunshine is always after the storm; If winter comes, can spring be far behind? ? Every time I hear "?" I always think of that scene when I sing.
5, the beginning of the sound
Dialogue, piano sound, wind, thunder, etc. Can be used as the beginning, handy, rendering atmosphere. For example, "Please take my song back to your home, please leave your smile?" Whenever this familiar melody rings in my ears, I feel particularly cordial like seeing an old friend I haven't seen for years.
Fourth, incisive rhetoric? Enduring charm? ?
Starting with rhetoric, it is easy to express the author's feelings and arouse readers' interest in reading.
1. Metaphor?
Metaphor is used at the beginning to arouse the reader's interest in the thing or truth to be explained. For example, "China Stone Arch Bridge" begins: "The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge bends like a rainbow."
compare
The method of comparison can strengthen literary talent and effectively highlight the theme. For example, at all times and in all countries, people who have achieved something in their careers have earned their success with hard sweat; On the other hand, lazy and fatuous people can't achieve anything. It can be seen that diligence leads to success and laziness leads to failure.
Step 3 be parallel
Start with a parallelism sentence, which is neat and sonorous and promotes people to enjoy reading. If I were a bird, I would remember the nest when I was born; If I were a sapling, I would never forget the land that nourished me. If I were a river, the snowy plateau would be a brand in my memory. ...
4. ask questions?
Ask questions at the beginning, spread the style, and set an example first. For example, why do fashion designers always try their best to design one set of fashion after another? Why is our motherland always mixed with such a sentence in the horn of progress-advocating scientific and technological innovation? Why don't the high-rise buildings that have sprung up follow the architectural style of the fifties and sixties? Everything is just because the times are changing and people's minds are changing. Fashion should conform to the trend of the times and development should keep pace with the times. Life has given us the power to innovate. ?
Fifth, cleverly set suspense? A winding path leads to seclusion?
Set an open question at the beginning to attract readers' attention and interest, and at the same time increase the faltering of the article to show the beauty of the layout. For example, a student wrote "Feel the Beauty of Life": "I'm dying-I'm lying in a hospital bed, surrounded by darkness, very quiet, and I can only hear my weak breathing in a huge room." ?
Snow White and the Eight Immortals crossed the sea?
A poster was posted in front of a cinema, which read "The Story of a Woman and Seven Men". The content is: A woman fainted and was forcibly dragged to a small house in the forest by seven men?
It caused a great sensation, and it was packed that night, and the audience was greatly disappointed when the film was staged. The title of the film is:?
A few days later, a poster was posted in front of the cinema, "The story of a woman and seven men, the statement is definitely not? The film clearly describes a woman and seven men on the stormy waves?
It attracted a lot of people to watch, and the theater was in an uproar when it started. True question:?
The third day? When everyone decided never to enter this cinema again, they saw an advertisement saying, "Our hospital returns the true feelings to friends who support domestic masterpieces? Especially vomiting blood! ! ! ?
The tortuous story of seven lovely boys and a young couple?
The postscript reads: seven lovely boys entered the couple's house one by one while they were unprepared? But conquered by young couples? But there was a big reversal in the end? The husband was killed? The beautiful young wife fell into the clutches of seven boys ...?
The plot of this film is tortuous, wonderful and touching? Cultivate the next generation of must-see masterpieces for the majority of married couples! ! ! ?
Everyone heard that the plot is tortuous, wonderful and touching, and it is also the story of a lovely boy and a young couple? So I can't help tempting you to buy a ticket? After a long wait? A photo finally appeared on the screen?
I saw three big characters "gourd baby" clearly printed on it?
At that time, I vomited blood ~ It was really a big release of vomiting blood ...?
Suspense is a strange scene in the article that you can't know at once. It can be a scene, a relationship, a specific thing that runs through the whole text, the expression description of the characters at a certain moment, and so on. ?
The main function of suspense is to grasp the reader's heart, arouse the reader's attention to the development, change and result of things, and pay attention to the situation and result of people or things, so as to make the plot development of the article more attractive and fascinating. ?
How to set suspense? There are generally two forms to set the position of suspense:
One is to set suspense at the beginning of the article. This form of suspense is widely used, which helps to create an atmosphere and environment, expand contradictions and lead to the following.
The other is to set suspense in the article. This form of setting is helpful to connect the preceding with the following and promote the development of the plot. The specific methods for setting suspense are as follows:
It is suspense to describe the expression of a character at a certain moment. For example, "The Ferry Man" begins: "The young mother is sitting by the boat with a frown and tears in her eyes. Tears rolled down as soon as the boat shook. In her arms, the child fell asleep. The child is wrapped in a quilt and can't see anything. Even so, my mother stuck him to her chest for fear of being blown by the river wind and splashed by water. " What's going on here? This article naturally caught the reader's attention.
(2) Take the psychological description of the characters' words and deeds at a certain moment as suspense. For example, at the beginning of a threesome, I wrote: "? Be sure to go to that little tree to have a rest! ? Instructor Wang Jiwen looked at a small tree four or five hundred meters ahead, and secretly made up his mind. ..... In Wang Jiwen's view, it seems to be farther than the actual distance. " Why did Wang Jiwen "secretly make another decision"? Why do you look at only four or five hundred meters and walk "as if it is farther than the actual distance"? These psychological descriptions not only firmly grasp the reader, but also naturally unfold the plot, laying the foundation for the following.
(3) Take environmental description as suspense. For example, "The Little Match Girl" wrote a confession: "It's very cold, it's snowing, and it's getting dark. This is the last day of the year-New Year's Eve. On this cold and dark night, a little girl with bare head and bare feet is walking in the street. " What does this little girl do? It is cold and snowy. Why is she bald and barefoot? It's getting dark, and it's New Year's Eve. Why doesn't she hurry home? What is her fate and ending? At the beginning of the article, the characters were placed in such a typical environment, so they caught the readers' heartstrings and aroused their desire to know the details.
(4) Tell a scene or an episode in suspense. For example, the article "Borrowing Arrows from Grass Boat" describes such a scene: Zhou Yu used a poisonous trick to make Zhuge Liang create 65,438+10,000 arrows in 10 days; Zhuge Liang said that it only took three days, and he also made a military order. Didn't Zhuge Liang know that the other party was setting himself up? Can you make 65438+ ten thousand arrows in just three days? How did Zhuge Liang make an arrow? This naturally aroused the reader's strong interest.
⑤ Take an event that runs through the whole text as suspense. For example, the exercise "Little Wooden Boat" begins with: "Every time I see that exquisite little wooden boat hidden in the drawer, I think of Chen Ming." How did this small wooden boat come about? Why did I hide it in the drawer? When you saw Chen Ming, why did you think of it? The full text takes this small wooden boat as a clue and suspense, which is unfolded layer by layer and attracts people's close reading.
What needs to be emphasized is that suspense should not be abused, it should be reasonable, and it should not be forced. Suspense should be concise and neat, and it should not confuse the audience, make readers dazzled and even bored, thus losing its due role. ?
(1) is a coincidence. Example "My Uncle Yule": Yule, whom the Phillips family missed so much, met unexpectedly on the boat and a series of ironic stories happened, thus exposing the naked money relationship between people in capitalist society. ?
(2) First suppress and then promote or first promote and then suppress. For example, the article "litchi honey" begins by saying that "I" don't like or even hate bees, and then writes that "I" visited the "beekeeping building", witnessed the hard work of bees and drank the sweet and fragrant litchi honey. I was deeply touched and couldn't help praising the bees. From bees, the author thinks of farmers who work hard in the fields and laborers who work as hard as bees in Qian Qian. The author's love for bees even reached a surprising level: he became a little bee in his dream. ?
(3) Write the ending or main plot and main contradiction of the article at the beginning, and then write it in the natural order of events. This is what we usually call flashback. For example, if the article "Trust of Comrades" was not written with a tense and mysterious plot at the beginning, I am afraid it would be difficult to grasp the reader's heart at once, and it would be difficult to show the horrible social environment and the gay trust between strangers at that time. "A Precious Shirt" also has such characteristics. ?
(4) appropriately exaggerating the story or the behavior of the characters. For example, in The Chameleon, the article describes Ralph's changes in an exaggerated way, which fully arouses readers' interest in reading and also causes readers to think deeply: What has happened to Ralph? What is the same? What made him change? Is there anyone like Ralph in our life?
(5) Clever misunderstanding. For example, "Pear Blossom in the Post Road"?
Matters needing attention when setting suspense:?
(1) Suspense must have a clear purpose, and the character or the meaning of the event should be expressed in "doubt" and "twists and turns". ?
(2) suspense must be based on facts, moderately natural, not divorced from life, not mystifying, and there are no loopholes. ?
(3) Be sure to explain the premise that causes suspense. Without the necessary premise, the story will not happen. The premise is clear, and the reader will be convinced.
Sixth, the scene description? Rendering atmosphere
Description refers to the description, rendering and contrast of the scenery with the help of some rhetoric or description techniques, which paves the way for the beginning of the people or things behind.
Please look at the beginning of the article "Examination": Outside the classroom, the whistling north wind slammed on the wall with dense raindrops, "Cha, Cha", and in the classroom, an all-round competition examination reached a white-hot stage. ?
Environmental description can render the atmosphere, contrast the emotions of the characters and promote the development of the story. A brief description of the environment at the beginning of the article can not only provide a specific background for the article, but also form a special atmosphere for the article.
Seven, clever use of flashbacks? Follow the unknown road in secret
That is, at the beginning of the article, write the result of the matter first, and then write the reason and process of the matter, so as to create suspense and enhance the attraction of the article. ? Please see how a student writes his feelings in a foreign land: Moonlight, like the water in an independent yard, flows quietly by my side, feeling the coolness of my heart sinking into the bottom of the water, causing endless thoughts for you! I remember it was a moonlit night, and I put you on the train to a foreign land ...?
The so-called flashback means that the ending of the event or the most prominent fragment of the event is mentioned in front of the article, described first, and then described in the order of the event development.
For example, a famous novel "Blessing" by Mr. Lu Xun describes the tragic experience of Xianglinsao's life. In the novel, first write "I" and go back to my hometown at the end of the lunar calendar, and meet Xianglinsao, who has become a beggar; The next night, I heard that she died. This is the "ending" of writing Xianglinsao first. Then go back and describe Sister Xianglin's life experience. This way of writing makes readers have suspense; How did Sister Xianglin become a beggar? She has no relatives? Why did she die with the blessing of New Year's Eve? Readers are eager to read the whole article and find out. After reading the whole article, the content of the article will leave a deep impression on readers.
Another example is the newsletter "The Man Climbing the Peak", which reports the advanced deeds of two mathematicians, Yang Le and Zhang Guangyuan. The communication begins with the two of them discovering an important problem in mathematical research for the first time and climbing to a peak of mathematical science, and then goes back to write how they overcame many obstacles and broke through many interferences to achieve this result. But the article didn't stop there, and then wrote Yang Le. Zhang Guangyuan studied hard from primary school to middle school, and made progress with the help of the older generation of mathematicians after entering the university. At the same time, he described that they were climbing another mathematical peak.
In this example, we didn't write the "ending" first, but intercepted a fragment in the development of the event as the beginning, and then went back to describe the previous situation of this event; When the narrative reaches the beginning of the segment, the article does not end, and continues to describe various future developments until the end of the matter. In this way, the dull beginning is avoided, and it is colorful.
Use flashback should pay attention to two points:
1, proceed from reality, don't flashback for flashback's sake, and the suspense setting must be noticed.
2, to echo from beginning to end, explain the cause of the matter, but also go back? Eight, express feelings? Take the lead? That is, at the beginning of the article, express the author's personal feelings, thoughts and feelings, and render the atmosphere, so as to achieve emotional people. This kind of beginning begins with the author's own comments or expressions of love and hate. At the beginning of the composition, express the author's comments on things, express feelings through comments, point out the center, and take this as the commander-in-chief of the whole article. ?
Example 1:?
A newspaper is only worth a few cents, and a person's ideology and morality cannot be measured by money. I got this from a class meeting. ?
This is the beginning of the composition "Remember a class meeting". At the beginning, the author wrote his own discussion about the class meeting, and pointed out the central idea of the composition through discussion-"A person's ideological and moral character cannot be measured by money." In the following text, the author describes the whole process of the class meeting in detail around this center. ?
This way of beginning can also directly express one's love and hate at the beginning of the composition, explain the writing motivation or reveal the central idea. Look at the example:?
Example 2:?
I was born and raised in Beijing, which is my hometown. I love Beijing opera with beautiful singing in my hometown; I love the intoxicating scenery of my hometown; I love the unique flavor of my hometown, such as soybean juice, inby and Aiwowo. I prefer the prosperous and beautiful night view of my hometown. ?
This is the beginning of the composition "I love the night view of Beijing". At the beginning, the author directly expresses his love for his hometown Beijing, clearly reveals the central idea of the whole paper, and describes the beauty of Beijing's night scene in detail around this center.
Tips for lyric opening of landscape writing:
The article begins with the author's emotional component, which can arouse readers' thoughts and feelings with emotional people.
When using this method, we should pay attention to:?
1, lyric should have true feelings, don't moan. ?
2. Lyrics should be consistent with the emotional tone of the full text and the scene of the article. ?
3. personification, metaphor and repeated rhetoric can all be used as lyric means, and can be used appropriately in the opening?
Nine, the inscription, suggesting the main idea?
Inscription is a passage after the title of the composition and before the text. The general format of the inscription is to write a sentence below the topic, followed by a dash, and write the inscription. Generally, the words used as inscriptions are beautiful or philosophical, but they are generally refined and should not be very long, that is, "write the contents of the inscription with two spaces at the beginning, and then write a line on the right after writing"-inscription.
Inscriptions are generally placed before the beginning of the text, and the position is particularly "eye-catching". A good inscription can catch the reader's heart at once and leave a deep impression on people. The requirements for inscription are simple: short sentences and beautiful language; Light emotion, shallow philosophy. Then, what kind of inscription can make people unforgettable and become the finishing touch of the article? There is only one answer: let the inscription paint the soul of the composition vividly! ?
Postscript is that you feel imperfect after writing an article, and then write a supplementary article to make the original text imperfect. ?
Exodus: My father's kneeling made me understand that what my father and I lack is not love, but communication, heart-to-heart communication. ? -"Communication" inscription?
The earth gave birth to life, and life is precious, unique and fair to everyone. It is precisely because life is so precious that we should cherish it. ? -"Caring for life" inscription?
When the ideal colorful wings beat the real air, I entered a delicate, hazy and rainy season. After swimming through my childhood dreams, I stood in the rain. 17 years old, with ups and downs, happiness and troubles. ? -Inscription for My Happiness and Trouble?
A good inscription can attract readers and guide them to think. ?
(1) Inscriptions can explain the reasons for writing or create an environment. ?
For example, the inscription "Feeling High School" reads: "It is a clear spring in my heart, endless, unable to spit out, flowing forever and ever, watering every grass and tree in my life journey ..." This inscription creates a strong atmosphere for the full text through beautiful description. ?
(2) The inscription should indicate the main content and reveal the connotation of the work. ?
Inscriptions should be sentences that reflect and reveal the theme and emotion of the article. It should let readers see through the highlights of the article and touch the pulse of emotion.
For example, the inscription "Erase the boundaries in the heart" reads: "The boundaries on the surface can be erased by hand; The boundaries in my heart can only be smoothed by heart. " The inscription directly reveals the main idea of the article. ?
(3) The inscription should have rich meanings and lasting feelings. ?
For example, the inscription "Thank your father" reads: "When I was a child, my father was a harbor; When I was a child, my father was an idol; In middle age, my father is a period of time; My father is a history book at the end of the year. " In the inscription, I expressed my love for my father in a long way and praised this ordinary and noble family relationship in the world. ?
(4) Inscriptions should not only be concise and clear, but also be exquisite in language and rich in literary talent. ?
You can quote inscriptions (such as lyrics, aphorisms, wise sayings, etc.). , it is best to be seen less by the marking teacher) or carve it yourself. The key to the inscription is conciseness, not too long and not obscure. For example, in Revelation of Echo: "Those who love others will always love others; Those who respect others will always respect others. " Mencius' words are properly used, which not only reveals the Lord, but also shows talent. ?
How to write an inscription? ?
1, indicating the topic type?
That is, using the inscription to properly analyze and elaborate the topic, and point out the meaning contained in the topic and the relationship between the topics, such as the article "Talking about" cleverness "or" cognition ":
"The same is right? Fix the wall? The foresight of anti-theft has produced? Smart? Or? Suspected? Result. ? Feelings? How can you control it like this? Cognition? , the boat of the heart, looking for in the river of culture ... "?
This inscription points out that emotion affects "cognition" through a brief description of the provided topic materials, and gives a good explanation to the written topic. At the same time, "the boat of the heart, seeking for the river of culture ..." also shows what is written in the following article. ?
2. Interpretation type?
That is, the inscription is closely related to the theme, and the connotation of the article is specifically interpreted, so that readers can have a clear and accurate grasp of its connotation. For example, the inscription of the famous article "Emotion, Reason and Cognition" in the college entrance examination:
Establish a reasonable balance between emotion and cognition. ?
The author skillfully connects emotion, cognition and rationality with space symbols, and puts rationality in the middle of emotion and cognition. The inscription explains the important role of reason between emotion and cognition, thus pointing out the relationship between emotion and cognition. ?
3. What's the point?
That is, point out the theme of the article, so that readers can understand the point of view to be expressed in the article first. For example, the inscription of the famous article "Believe in yourself and trust others" in the college entrance examination is entitled "Believe in yourself and trust others".
Mediocrity, trust others, doubt yourself; ?
Fool, believe in yourself and exclude others; ?
A wise man believes in himself and others. ?
The three whole sentences in the inscription are eye-catching and neat in form, pointing out the different attitudes of the three people towards themselves and others, and closely following the topic of "believe in yourself and others" in sharp contrast, paving the way for the following to show their views. ?
4. explain?
That is, with the help of the postscript, the purpose, background or content of the article are explained, so that readers can have a clearer understanding or macro grasp of the article. For example, an inscription "Motherly love is priceless":
I want to send this document to my dear mother and all the loving mothers in the world. ?
The inscription pointed out the writing purpose, laid the emotional tone for the full text, and sincerely expressed the love and gratitude for the mother, which moved the readers. ?
Another example is the inscription of a famous book "northerners and southerners" with the theme of "friendship":?
The song of friendship between two ordinary people was sung to the extreme with a torch, and their personality was sublimated in this friendship. ?
This inscription summarizes the story of "friendship" between northerners and southerners written in the article, so that readers can have a preliminary grasp of the content written in the article. ?
5. attractive?
Create an atmosphere full of suspense through inscriptions, attract readers and arouse their interest. For example, the inscription "choice without regrets":?
Why is the fate of a rural female teacher so bumpy? Can she withstand a series of blows? If she makes another choice, what will her fate be? ?
This inscription sets three suspense with three questions, which arouses readers' interest and makes them have a strong desire to read. ?
So, what problems should we pay attention to when writing inscriptions? ?
(1) Pay attention to the literary grace of the inscription. You can quote some famous sayings, aphorisms and proverbs as inscriptions, and you can also use rhetorical devices such as metaphor and contrast. Poetry couplets can all be in language form. ?
For example, the inscription of the composition "When Flowers Bloom" with the theme of "Frustration, Enlarging Pain":
Only through hellish tempering can we forge the power to create heaven; Only bloody fingers can play the swan song of the world. Tagore?
Quoting Tagore's words is not only a famous sentence, but also an image metaphor and profound philosophy, which is really ingenious. ?
Another example is the inscription of colorful happiness:?
Life is like a flower, colorful; Life is like a song, beautiful; Life is like wine, mellow; Life is like a poem, with profound artistic conception; Life is like a dream, colorful. ?
In this inscription, the author skillfully uses figurative rhetoric to form a neat parallelism sentence, which explains the diversity of happiness and gives people a sense of beauty. ?
(2) Pay attention to the conciseness of language. When writing an inscription, the number of words must not be too many, and the language should be tempered, alert and sophisticated, generally not exceeding two lines of the article. Because the number of words in the composition is generally about 800 words, the inscription is too long, which not only appears lengthy, but also gives the article a feeling of big and small. ?
In a word, writing a wonderful inscription, playing a leading role, clarifying the meaning and displaying the talent, can not only make the reader feel fresh and unique, but also produce the best effect of "concentrating the words and touching people's hearts, so that we can feel her feelings at that time, even before she plays". ?
X. Highlights interception: Start with highlights of the event and then describe the process. This method is the most attractive. ?
Example: the newsboy "sells newspapers, sells newspapers!" The familiar voice came from the street again. "Today's news is good! Eight dollars a copy. " His crying today seems particularly sad. The thin figure in front of me hovered in my mind for a long time ...?
As the saying goes, "there is no fixed method for writing." Yes, the beginning of a composition is often determined by comprehensive factors such as content, genre, audience, conception skills and the author's writing skills, and there is no fixed format. There is only one standard to measure the quality, that is, whether it is an organic part of the article, whether it can serve the content and center of the article, and whether it can attract readers to read. We must be good at combining reality, be flexible and skillfully deduced in order to write a good opening. ?