120 steps away from Shanxi, living across the bamboo, I like to listen to the sound of water, such as singing Hu. Cut bamboo and walk along the road. When you see the small pool below, the water is especially clear (liè). The whole stone is the bottom, the nearshore is the bottom, and the rolling stones come out at the bottom, which are called Gui (chí), Yu (), Qin (kān) and Yan. Lush trees (màn), winding cover, poor reference (cēn) (cī).
There are hundreds of fish in the pond. They are all swimming in the air. When the sun shines in, the shadow is on the stone, but it does not move; You (chù) passed away, and all of a sudden, you seem to have a good time with the tourists.
Looking from the southwest of the pool, you can see that it is zigzag. Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown.
Sitting by the pool, surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely (liáo) no one, sad cold, sad (qi m: o) (Chu dang) quiet (Su). It is too clear to live for a long time, but remember.
Fellow travelers, Wu Wuling, Gūng(Gōng) Gu, Yu Dizong Xuan. Li (Li ornaments) and believer Cui Shi, two young students: forgive yourself and serve one.
[Edit this paragraph] Note
1. west: (noun as adverbial) in the west
2.huáng bamboo: bamboo forest, that is, bamboo forest.
3. Bell: Just like the sound of Yu Pei colliding with the Yuhuan worn by people. Pei Huan: Yu Pei is all Yu Pei tied around his waist. Make a sound.
4. Music: Verbal usage, words translated into … for fun, sentences translated into likes.
5. take: this means opening up.
6. clear: clear.
7. bottom: below.
8. See: Show up.
9. The whole stone is the bottom: (Tan) The whole stone is the bottom. Yes: become; As.
10. Nearshore: Near the coast. Close the door, close the door.
1 1. Roll off the bottom of the stone: some parts of the bottom of the stone roll over and are exposed to the water.
12. For Gui, for Yu, for Qin, for Yan: it has become various shapes such as Gui, Yu, Qin and Yan. G: High ground in the water. Island: A small island. Qin: The rugged rocks.
Liao, the highland in the water.
13. Lush trees, covered, twisted and staggered: covered with green trees and ivy, twisted, shaken, connected, uneven and floating in the wind.
14. Kebai Xutou: There are about one hundred. C: probably. X: The approximate numeral, up and down, indicates that the number is uncertain, left and right.
15. Everything seems to be swimming in the air without any dependence (as if there were no water).
16. The sun shines on the stone: the sun shines directly on the bottom of the water, and the fish's shadow is reflected on the stone. B: reflect and distribute.
17. Don't move: (Fish Shadow) Just stay still. What dull eyes.
18. You passed away: suddenly swam away. Hey, suddenly.
19. Come and go suddenly: light and agile.
20. Fighting in a snake, you can see it in a blink of an eye: it is as tortuous as the Big Dipper, as curved as a snake crawling, with one section visible and one section invisible; Fight: such as the Big Dipper; Snake: Crawl like a snake.
2 1. canine teeth are different: (canine teeth, nouns as adverbials) canine teeth are equally uneven.
22. Unknown: I don't know.
23. I feel sad and cold, I feel quiet and quiet: I feel sad and cold, so quiet and deep. Sad, silence makes people feel sad. Deep, deep. Sadness: creating ... misery. (causative usage) make cold ... freezing.
I know its environment too well: because its environment is too sad. Qing: Sad.
25. Stay: Stay. One: instead of Xiaoshitang.
26. Wu Wuling: A native of Xinzhou (now Fengjie, Chongqing), Tang Xianzong Yuanhe, the champion, was banished to Yongzhou for his crime and befriended the author.
27. followers: followers. Li: Come with me. Also: the table is tied. Follow: follow, verb.
28. Xiao Sheng: A teenager and a young man.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
Go west from the mountain 120 steps, cross the bamboo forest, and you can hear the sound of water, like the sound of Yu Pei and Yuhuan colliding with each other hanging on your body. You are happy because of this (sound). Cut down the bamboo and open a path, and you can see a small pool when you go down. The water in the pool is particularly clear. Tan Xiao takes a complete stone as the bottom, close to the shore, and part of the stone bottom is rolled up and exposed to the water, becoming stones of different shapes such as highlands and islands in the water. Lush trees, green vines, (branches and vines) covered, twisted, shaken and connected. Uneven, floating in the wind.
There are about a hundred fish in the pond, and they all seem to float in the air without them. The sun went down to the bottom of the pool, the fish's shadow was reflected on the stone, and the fish did not move; Suddenly he swam away again. Come and go briskly, as if laughing with tourists.
Looking to the southwest of the pool, it twists and turns like a big dipper and bends like a crawling snake, appearing for a while and disappearing for a while. The cross-strait situation is like a jagged tooth, and there is no source in sight.
I sat by the pool, surrounded by bamboo forests and Woods, quiet and deserted, which made people feel desolate and cold. The environment is quiet and deep, filled with sadness. As this place is too deserted to stay long, I wrote down this scene and left.
The people I visited were Wu Wuling and Gong Gu, and my brother Zong Xuan. As followers, we were accompanied by two young people named Cui: one named Forgive yourself and the other named Feng Yi.
[Edit this paragraph] Writing background
Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou Sima by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty for supporting Wang's political reform in Yongzhenyuan (AD 805), and Wang was killed. Political frustration made him feel attached to the mountains and rivers, and through the specific description of the scenery, he expressed his grief and feelings that could not be dismissed after being relegated, which became a model for future generations to write landscape travel notes. * * * wrote eight well-known landscape travel notes here, which were later called Eight Records of Yongzhou. In the first "Journey to the West Night Banquet", the author described the mood at that time like this: "I am a person who lives in a state and is always anxious."
After Liu Zongyuan was demoted as an official, in order to relieve his inner sadness and bitterness, he often did not avoid seclusion, cut down bamboo and embarked on the road of exploring mountains and visiting water. Fortunately, the nature of Yongzhou treats him very well, with strange lakes, strange mountains, stone canals and mountain streams one after another, which are beautiful. Travel Notes of Xide Xishan Banquet, Cobalt Pond, Cobalt Pond Xishan, West Little Stone Pond to Mountain, Yuan Jiake, Shiqu, Shi Jian and Little Rock Mountain are also called Eight Notes of Yongzhou.
Make an appreciative comment
Liu Zongyuan's landscape travel notes have a unique position in the history of China literature. Among them, the most famous travel notes are Xide Xishan Banquet, Cobalt Tantan, Cobalt Tanxi Mountain, Mountain to Little Stone Pond in Shanxi, Yuan Jiake's Thirst, Collection of Stone Songs, Shi Jijian and Little Rock Mountain. These works are also called Eight Records of Yongzhou. These works, gallery-style, show the landscape at the turn of Hunan and Guangxi, and inherit and develop the tradition of Li Daoyuan's Notes on Shuijing. Notes on Water Classics is a geography book, which describes the scenery objectively and shows less subjective feelings. On the other hand, Liu Zongyuan's landscape travel notes integrate his life experience, thoughts and feelings into the description of natural scenery and put himself into the author's own figure. He used the beautiful scenery abandoned in remote areas to express his misfortune and pour out his resentment and depression. This article is the fourth in Liu Zongyuan's Eight Chapters of Yongzhou, which maintains the consistent writing style of Eight Chapters of Yongzhou, with careful observation and detailed description. Xiao Qi's appearance conveys his spirit. The article first describes the scenery you see, then describes the swimming fish and pool with close-ups, and then describes the scenery on the pool and your own feelings, thus writing the deep and cold scenery and atmosphere around Xiaoshitang.
In addition, the author also conveyed his lonely and sad state of mind in his secluded life in his scenery writing, which is a masterpiece of scenery blending. The full text is lonely and quiet, gloomy, seemingly writing about scenery, but in fact it is written about the heart. Although the description of the fish swimming in the pond is only a few words, it is extremely accurate to write the empty water and the physical and mental posture of the fish swimming. In addition, the brushwork of fish swimming in the pond is wonderful, and there is no water involved. Just saying that fish "swim in the air", the water is clear and transparent, the fish is vivid, and there is nothing wrong with it. The artistic conception is deep and breathtaking. The appreciation of Liu Zongyuan's landscape travel notes in Little Stone Pond Story is a part of his prose creation with high artistic skills and originality. Among his few landscapes, The Story of Little Stone Pond is a very representative work. The story of Xiaoshitang is one of the eight great stories in Yongzhou. The article vividly depicts the beauty and quietness of Xiaoshitang's environmental scenery, and expresses the author's lonely feelings after being demoted and frustrated. The language is concise and vivid, the scenery is exquisite and lifelike, and the whole poem is poetic and picturesque, which shows the author's superb writing skills. Therefore, it has become a famous prose piece that has been told for generations. This travel note can be divided into five paragraphs. In the first paragraph, the author uses the technique of "dynamic deformation" to guide us to appreciate all kinds of scenery in the process of dynamic deformation, which has a strong sense of dynamic picture. "One hundred and twenty steps from Shanxi, separated by bamboo, I am happy to hear the sound of water, such as the ring of singing."
At the beginning of the article, people were guided to the west of the mountain 120 steps. When I came to a bamboo forest, I could hear the sound of water flowing through it. "Bamboo" is bamboo in the forest; "Like a ringing ring" is a clear and pleasant description of the sound of running water, just like the sound made when Yu Pei Yuhuan collided. The article is written naturally from scenery to emotion. "Cut bamboo and take the road, and look at the small pool below." In the dense bamboo forest, I cut a path and finally saw a small pool. At this point, the complete face of Xiaoshitang is presented to people. This time, from hill to bamboo, from bamboo to underwater sound, and then from underwater sound to small pool, it not only tells the story of the discovery of small pool, but also is full of suspense and curiosity, and gradually unfolds a wonderful picture in front of people. Since then, the author has put pen power on the detailed description of Chi Tan. "The water is quiet, the whole stone is at the bottom, near the shore, and the bottom of the rolling stone comes out as mountains, islands, ridges and rocks." The water in Xiaoshitang is exceptionally cool, and the whole pond is made of stone. The whole bottom of the pool is a big stone, close to the edge of the pool, and the stone at the bottom of the pool rolls out of the water. These stones have various shapes.
"Gui" is a highland in the water; Yu is an island; "Kan" and "rock" are both forms of rock. In a word, this is a pool surrounded by various forms of stones, so the author named it Xiaoshichi. "The trees and vines are shaded, winding and patchy." It is the author's description of the scenery on the pond. There are green trees, green vines, interwoven into a green net, dotted around the pond, uneven branches swaying in the wind. The description on this pool is only 12, which shows people the extremely quiet and excellent scenery around Xiaoshitang, and makes us feel the beauty of Xiaoshitang more and more. In the second paragraph, the author describes the pond and swimming fish. In this paragraph, the author uses a different technique from the first paragraph, changing "step by step" into "fixed-point close-up". This is a wonderful passage in the whole article. Especially the description of fish swimming in the water is more vivid. "There are hundreds of fish in the pool, all in vain. In the sun, the shadow is on the stone, but it does not move; I was in the distance, and the contact was sudden. It seems quite fun to be with tourists. " This is a very beautiful painting. Fish swimming in water is not like swimming in water, but like swimming in the air. When the sun shines, the fish's shadow falls on the stone at the bottom of the pool. Literally, the author wrote about fish, but literally, we can't help but be deeply impressed by the clear pool water. This writing method of swimming fish and pool water has received good artistic effect. Below, the author further describes this fish.
At first, the fish just stood still. Suddenly, some fish darted into the distance and swam around, as if enjoying the happiness with tourists. Reading this can't help but remind people of the author's joy from swimming in fish. This writing style from emotion to scene and from scene to emotion is a prominent feature of this essay. The third paragraph discusses the water source and pool water scenery of Xiaoshitang. "Look at the southwest of the pool, you can see the flicker. Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown. " Looking to the southwest, a stream twists and turns, like the Big Dipper, like a snake. Some places are bright and some places are dark. The banks of the stream are strewn at random, scrawny and with jagged teeth. Here, the author successfully uses metaphor to describe the shape of the stream with the twists and turns of the Big Dipper and the crawling of snakes, and to describe the banks of the stream with the teeth of dogs, which makes us feel lifelike. "I don't know its source" gives readers a feeling of confusion. The fourth paragraph is the author's overall impression and feeling of Xiaoshitang. "Sitting by the pool, surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely and empty, sad and cold, sad and quiet. Because its territory is too clear, you won't live long, but remember it. " Sitting on a small stone pond, surrounded by dense bamboo forests and trees, it is very quiet and there is no one to see. It makes people look bleak, chilling and sad. Because its situation is too quiet for people to stay for a long time, so I signed it and left. In this passage, the author highlighted the word "quiet", put the quiet in the environment into his mind, and blended the scenes to write a miserable and lonely state of mind. This is undoubtedly a tortuous reflection of the author's mood after being demoted.
In the last paragraph, "Passers-by: Wu Wuling, Gong Gu and Yu Dizong Xuan. Followers: Cui Shi, the second young student, said that he would forgive himself and serve him. " Write down the people who walked with the author in Xiaoshitang. The Story of Little Stone Pond is an excellent landscape travel note with exquisite language, rich meaning and vivid image. It shows the author's profound observation and unique experience of things, and also shows the author's profound artistic skill. The nuanced techniques and clever and vivid metaphors used in this paper are worth learning. (Selected from the Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Appreciation, Rural Reading Publishing House, 1987 edition) Appreciation of Xiaoshitang (Fan Peisong) The story of Xiaoshitang in Xiaoqiu West is the fourth of the eight stories in Yongzhou. This article is about a little-known stone pond. This small stone pond is not a beautiful scenery, let alone a scenic spot, but a small pool beside an unknown hill. The author's writing about Xiaoshitang itself is the best proof that he has not contracted the bad habit of aestheticism in exhibition beauty. Judging from the value of this anthology, it is also of great reference significance to our current travel writing. Although Xiaoshitang is not well-known, it took a little effort to see it: first I saw the bamboo forest and heard the sound of water, but I didn't see Xiaoshitang. Although the appearance of Xiaoshitang is not long-awaited, it can also be called "still hiding half a face behind the guitar in front of us". I didn't see Xiaoshitang until "Cutting Bamboo to Take the Road". It's a winding path. This is really an extraordinary sight. This "extraordinary" is a "strange" appearance. Strangely, the pool is "full of stones at the bottom", and the stones exposed in the pool are all so strange, "for the island, for the comparison, for the rock", coupled with the coverage of ancient trees and vines, the panorama of Xiaoshichi is full of tranquility, as if it were not a small world on earth, but a piece in the legendary Buddhist country.
Then, the pen moves from static to dynamic, and writes about the small fish in the pond. This is the most wonderful stroke of this article. The fish in this pond are also extremely bizarre: first, there are countless fish, about "hundreds"; The second is to "shadow on the stone" and "not move" with self-nature. This is to continue to write quietly, which not only sets off the silence of Xiaoshitang, but also outlines the clarity of Xiaoshitang water. This becomes writing. In fact, when I wrote quietly, I had already laid the groundwork, and the fish in the water could not help but move. The fish is still, just like the freeze-frame in the movie is just an instant display. After this freeze-frame, you will see the fish in the pond "passing away and wandering suddenly, as if enjoying the tourists." Fish, how human, touched the author's feelings. Here, the word "music" is noteworthy. Due to the frustration of reform, the author was exiled to a distant place, with a heavy mental burden and fell into extreme trouble and depression. Why can you be "happy"? It is because I left the troubled officialdom that I found such a quiet place here. Seeing the fish enjoying themselves, my soul was purified and restored. The clarity of the water and the joy of the fish finally brought a moment of joy to this heartbroken essayist. Peace and joy are the themes in the first half of this article. The reality is grim. In this environment of "surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely and lonely, desolate and secluded", the author thinks that "staying for a long time is too clear."
After all, happiness is temporary, but sadness is eternal. In the face of this primitive sad scene, it may be even more uncomfortable, and even cause the author's bleak association, thus forming a sharp decline in feelings from "happiness" to "sadness". The performance of this landslide is also immediate. I feel that I won't stay here for long, so leave quickly. I feel cold and creepy. This article has always been hailed as a masterpiece. There are two reasons why it can become a masterpiece: first, the author dares to choose the unknown small stone pond in the rocky pile as the performance object of his travel notes, which shows that the author has extraordinary artistic courage; Secondly, when describing the scenery of Xiaoshitang, the author can freely integrate into his own feelings, and the scenery moves with feelings, naturally forming a sad artistic realm, which is the expression of the author's superb artistic wisdom and skills. Admittedly, in the final analysis, it is still the same thing. The author, such a person, happened to meet such a pure land and hit it off and merged into one. It's a godsend, a blessing of scenery.
When watching fish in Xiaoshitang story, it is said that fish "seems to be enjoying tourists", which also reflects the author's happy mood at the beginning of enjoying the beautiful scenery. Sitting by the pool after watching the fish, I feel that the scenery is "sad, cold and quiet", which is also a reflection of the author's depressed and sad mood. The article is written about "Le". You will be "happy" when you hear the sound of running water, and you will think you are "happy with swimmers" when you see swimming fish. But the good times didn't last long, and soon I felt these "green vines" and "sad bones", and I felt that "the boundary was too clear" and left in a hurry. This kind of happiness and sadness is intriguing. This is because Liu Zongyuan participated in the political reform, failed to be demoted, and his anger was difficult to calm down. Therefore, suffering is the keynote of his feelings, and he sends his feelings to get rid of this depressed mood. However, this "happiness" is temporary after all. Once triggered by the bleak environment, the sad mood will be revealed.
[Edit this paragraph] Text research
Exploration of extracurricular exercises
1, in what order was this article written? What are the characteristics of the "small stone pond" highlighted in this article?
This article is to write about scenery and express feelings in the order of travel. This paper highlights the characteristics of "Xiaoshitang" with stone as the bottom, clear water, lively fish swimming, tortuous source and desolate environment.
This article is written in the order of wandering: discovering the small pool-the scenery in the pool-the source of the small pool-the atmosphere in the pool.
When I found Tan Xiao, when I looked at the fish, I seemed to enjoy being with tourists. I feel sad and lonely after watching the fish. I am depressed and sad, and I can see the pain that the author is trying to get rid of across the mountains and rivers. He sent his feelings to the mountains and rivers to get rid of his depression. At the moment, the too cold environment aroused his feelings of "sadness and cold, quiet and calm".
2. What is the overall picture of Xiaoshitang? What are the characteristics of fish and water in the middle reaches of the pond? How does the author describe the clear water in the second paragraph?
The author describes the clarity of the pond from the perspective of fish swimming, sunshine and shadow. Through specific scenery, it is written with static and dynamic pictures, without any abstract explanation. There is not a word written in front of the whole paragraph, only a picture, but water is written everywhere. You see the fish swimming around in the water, just like floating in the air without relying on it, which says that the water is clear and transparent as if it were transparent; When the sun shines, the fish's shadow falls on the stone at the bottom of the pool, which shows that the water in the pool is clear.
3. What is the scenery on the swimming pool?
Clear water, strange rocks, lush trees, happy fish and quiet environment.
4. Wang Guowei wrote in "Words on Earth" that "all scenery words are sentimental words". Can you tell the author's mood when watching fish? What is the mood after browsing? Why does he have such a mentality? How to explain "happiness" and "trouble"? )
The author was relegated because he failed to participate in the reform, so bitterness is the main theme of his feelings, and it is to get rid of this depressed mood and seek short-term happiness. He likes the crisp and pleasant sound of water, so he is "completely convinced". When watching the fish, he felt that the fish seemed to be very happy and cheerful with the swimmers. But this happiness is temporary after all. Seeing the bleak environment of Xiaoshitang, I couldn't help feeling sad, and my sad mood naturally came out, and I was very sad. This can be seen from the fact that "no one is lonely, cold and bitter, quiet and quiet".
5. In the first paragraph of this article, what methods are used to describe the general situation of Xiaoshitang? In the second paragraph, what skills are used to write about swimming in the pool and swimming in the fish? What are the figures of speech in the third paragraph about the source and shore potential of the pool?
In the first paragraph, the technique of changing scenery is adopted, and in the second paragraph, the writing is changed to a combination of static and dynamic. Metaphor. In the third paragraph, the author feels uncomfortable in the face of this primitive sad scene, which may cause the author's sad association. It emphasizes the author's sadness in a lonely situation.
6. In the article, I wrote a sentence with the clear and pleasant sound of running water: I walked west from the mountain 120 steps, passed through the bamboo forest, smelled the sound of running water, and sang a ring, which made me relaxed and happy.
The sentences describing clear and transparent water are as follows: the sun is clear, and the shadow is motionless on the stone; You are far away; Suddenly going back and forth,
Write a flexible and interesting sentence about the fish swimming in the pond: it seems to be happy with the swimmer.
Sentences describing meandering streams: their shores are different and their sources are unknown.
7. Why did the author name this nameless pool "Xiaoshichi"? (deduct the author's state of mind when he was exiled and analyze and compare it with the content of the article)
A: Because the bottom of the pool is full of stones, and the article says "There are stones rolling at the bottom of the pool" and "The whole stone is the bottom", so this pool is called Xiaoshichi.
8. The main idea of this paper: Through the description of the rocks, water, fish and trees in Xiaoshitang, this paper deliberately exaggerates the lonely atmosphere and expresses the author's sad mood of being relegated to a lonely place and loneliness of living without a fixed place.
9, combined with the actual life, talk about why the water in Xiaoshitang is so clear?
Because of the activities of swimming fish, the protection of surrounding trees, and the fact that the small stone pond is running water, the small stone pond is made of all stones.
10, the happy sentences in Xiaoshitang are.
It's like being happy with a traveler.
1 1. When describing the origin of Tan Xiao, what characteristics did the author seize in turn to write? What rhetorical methods are used?
Grasping the twists and turns of the stream and the uneven shore conditions, it is written in a figurative rhetorical way. As far as fluid is concerned, the author describes it as tortuous and static as the Big Dipper. As far as the stream is concerned, the author describes it as winding and flowing like a snake. Two metaphors are used here, one is static and the other is dynamic, which accurately captures the characteristics of the scenery.
12, please tell us about the discovery of Xiaoshitang in your own language?
From the hill to the bamboo forest, from the bamboo forest to the sound of water, then cut a path through the dense bamboo forest, and then find Tan Xiao.
13 please tell me the beauty of the sentence "There are hundreds of fish in the pond, all swimming in the air".
On the front, it says fish swimming, and on the side, it says clear and transparent pool water. Literally, it only writes about fish and says nothing about water, but the beautiful picture of clear water and still fish is presented to readers.
14, the front of the article is "Joy in the Heart" and the back is "Quiet and Quiet". It's hard to describe a joy and a sorrow. How to understand it?
Happiness is another manifestation of trouble. Liu Zongyuan participated in the political reform, and his failure was demoted, and his anger was difficult to calm down. Therefore, bitterness was the main theme of his feelings, and he sent his feelings to get rid of this depressed mood. But after all, this joy is temporary, and once it is triggered by the bleak environment, the sad mood will be revealed again.
15. Please find your favorite sentence from the text and explain the reasons. (3 points)
A: Example: Sentence: Don't move; I was in the distance, and the contact was sudden.
Reason: these words describe swimming fish, and the combination of dynamic and static fully shows the interest of swimming fish; It also indirectly shows the clarity of Xiaoshitan water.
16. In order to develop tourism, Xiaoshitang Scenic Area is planned to be developed locally. Please write a brief introduction to this scenic spot according to the article.
Example: Xiaoshitang is located at the southwest of the hill 120 step. This is a beautiful place for sightseeing and entertainment, surrounded by bamboo. Liu Zongyuan, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, once came here and wrote a beautiful essay "Little Stone Pond" which has been told for ages. Xiaoshitang is famous for it.
17. The scenery description in the fourth paragraph of the selected text is very accurate. Please talk about your understanding based on the author's experience.
This description of the scenery not only describes the desolate environment of Xiaoshitang, but also implies the author's tragic mood after being demoted.
18. In ancient poetry, there are many famous sentences like this that integrate thoughts and feelings into the description of natural scenery. Please write your favorite two connected sentences and enjoy them briefly.
At the end of the mountain, there was a big flood in Jiangren.
The four images of "mountain", "river", "semi-wild" and "wild" run through with the words "sui" and "ru", drawing a magnificent picture of the Yangtze River, expressing the poet's homesickness as he is getting farther and farther away from home.
19. This article is a lyrical landscape travel note. On the author's different feelings at the end of watching fish and sightseeing.
The different moods at the end of watching fish and sightseeing seem to be out of place. In this paper, bitterness is the main theme of the author's feelings. The author uses scenery to get rid of his depressed mood, but once this temporary joy is triggered by a sad environment, the sad mood will be revealed again.
20. In what ways does the first paragraph describe the characteristics of Xiaoshitang?
Four aspects: (1) The water is particularly clear; (2) Take the whole stone as the bottom; (3) The beach rocks have different shapes; (4) The green trees and vines on the shore are extremely lush and beautiful.
2 1. What are the characteristics of the pool water written by the author in the second paragraph? What method was used?
Write down the characteristics of the swimming pool. It is set off by the fish swimming in the air, the shadows on the stones and the activities of tourists who clearly see the fish in the water.
22. What are the characteristics of the stream in the southwest of Tantan?
The twists and turns are covered by the topography and vegetation on both sides of the strait, sometimes hidden and sometimes present.
23. From listening to the underwater sound, seeing the fish "seem to enjoy themselves with tourists" to sitting by the pool and feeling "sad, quiet and quiet", what kind of emotional changes does the author show?
Hearing the pleasant sound of water, seeing the beautiful small stone pond and enjoying the beautiful fish, the author felt happy and temporarily forgot his troubles and setbacks. However, the deep silence in front of him made him feel pain.
Literary Chinese
First, the flexible use of parts of speech
1, from the mountain to the west 120 steps.
2. Please look at Tan Xiao nouns as adverbials: downward.
Everything is hovering in the air. Nouns are adverbials: in the air.
In the sun, nouns are used as adverbials: downward.
5. You are far away from nouns.
6. Look at the pool in the southwest of the noun as an adverbial southwest: to the southwest
7. Fight with the snake: like the Big Dipper.
Snake: Like a snake (crawling)
8. Its shore potential is different from that of a dog's teeth.
9. Sad spirit and cold bones use sad: make ...
Cold: cold.
10. If you make the ring sound, you can use it to sound.
The use of music: take pleasure in ...
12, nearshore adjective as verb near: near.
13, Li and follow nouns as verbs Li: follow.
Second, the word polysemy
1, Le (1) The conative usage of the adjective "take pleasure in ..."
It seems to like (tease) tourists very much.
2. Yes (1) There can be hundreds (or so) of fish in the pond.
(2) Can't live for a long time (OK)
3. Clear (1) water is especially clear (clear)
(2) too clear (feel sad)
4. From (1), go west from Xiaoqiu 120 steps (from).
(2) people who follow (follow)
5. Taking (1) as its boundary is too clear (because)
(2) Roll up the bottom of the stone and it will come out (equivalent to "harmony", not translation, a word connecting two verbs)
(3) the whole stone as the bottom (for)
6, and (1) remember it (a word that connects two verbs without translation)
(2) Followers (no translation, table tied)
(3) Wangchi Southwest (no translation, pause words)
7. The difference (1) is uneven (different in length)
(2) The shore potentials are different from each other (staggered)
8. See Tan Xiao (Discovery) under (1).
(2) Visible (see)
9. Swimming (1) has nothing to do (swimming)
(2) Travellers (sightseeing)
Three. Different meanings of ancient and modern times
1, but remember to go (go, ancient meaning: leave. Today's meaning: Go. )
2, Cui Shi Erxiaosheng (Xiao Sheng, ancient meaning: youth, epigenetic. A role in China's traditional opera. )
3, smell the sound of water (smell, ancient meaning: hear. Meaning: smell with your nose. )
4, can not live for a long time (residence, ancient meaning: stay. Today's meaning: alive. )
5. There can be a hundred fish in the pond. Modern meaning: adverb. )
Special sentence patterns
Inverted sentence:
1, Ru Ming Pei Huan (correct word order: Ru Pei Huanming)
2, the whole stone as the bottom (correct word order: the whole stone as the bottom)
3. Spread the bottom of the stone (correct word order: spread the bottom of the stone)
Rhetorical devices:
1, smell the water, such as singing. (symbolically)
2, communication is sudden, and it seems fun to be with tourists. (personification)
3. Their shore potentials are different from each other and their sources are unknown.