The swallows and geese are careless and follow the clouds on the west bank of Taihu Lake. The number of peaks is pure and bitter. Shanglue rains at dusk. Beside the fourth bridge, it is intended that Tian Sui live. What's going on today? Pinglan is nostalgic for the past. The remaining willows dance unevenly. ——Song Dynasty·Jiang Kui's "Dian Jiang Lip·Ding Weidong Passing by Wu Song" Dian Jiang Lip·Ding Weidong Passing by Wu Song The swallows and geese have no intention, and follow the clouds to the west bank of Taihu Lake. The number of peaks is pure and bitter. Shanglue rains at dusk.
Beside the fourth bridge, it is expected that Tian Sui will live there. What's going on today? Pinglan is nostalgic for the past. The remaining willows dance unevenly. Three Hundred Poems of the Song Dynasty, Graceful and Nostalgic Translation and Commentary
Translation
The wild geese in the north are leisurely and carefree, floating with the white clouds from the west bank of Taihu Lake. Several lonely peaks are bleak and sad, as if they are considering whether it will rain at dusk.
I really want to live in seclusion with Tian Suizi by the Fourth Bridge. But where is he now? I leaned on the railing alone and remembered the past, and saw the decaying willows fluttering in the wind. Creation background In the winter of 1187 AD (Dingwei, the 14th year of Chunxi in the Southern Song Dynasty), Jiang Kui composed this poem when he was traveling between Huzhou and Suzhou and passing through Wusong (now Wujiang, Jiangsu). Jiang Kui was usually most attracted to Lu Guimeng, a reclusive poet in the late Tang Dynasty. The place where Guimeng lived in seclusion during his lifetime was Wu Song. Appreciation
Jiang Kui’s theory of poetry has four elements: atmosphere, appearance, blood and rhyme. The requirements for the four are: "the atmosphere needs to be vigorous", "the appearance needs to be grand", "the bloodline needs to be thorough", and "the rhyme needs to be elegant". Although it is a language used to discuss poetry, it is also very appropriate when applied to words. After reading this word, I know that what it says is true. The artistic conception of this word is a universe.
The scene in the last film is the scene where the poet looks down on the heaven and the earth. "Yan Yan has no heart". Yan Nian Ping Sheng (yān smoke), also in the north. Yanyan is the wild goose coming from the north. It is winter, the time when geese fly south. Lu Guimeng wrote many poems about the northern wild goose, such as "Lone Wild Goose": "I was born in the world, and I was alone as the southern wild goose." "Guiyan": "Going north and south symbolizes my Cao, and I am far away from the world and I am sending my wings to answer the call." "Jingkou" ": "The wild geese often say Jibei." "Jinling Road": "The northern wild geese travel straight." "The wild geese": "How long is the north-south road." Baishi also has many poems about wild geese, such as "Wild Geese Picture" and "New Year's Eve" , words such as "Huanxisha" and this word. It may be related to his feelings of having no fixed place for many years, wandering around the world, and his overwhelming obsession with Gui Meng. The swallows and geese written in the sky are a metaphor for the wandering life. Unintentional means inorganic mind, just like letting nature happen. It points out the carelessness of the swallows and wild geese flying according to the seasons, which also symbolizes the pure and natural nature of one's own temperament. This also uses the poetic meaning of Guimeng. Lu Guimeng's "Autumn Fu has a period of time because it sends a beautiful message": "The clouds seem to have no heart and the water seems to be idle." "He Ximei New Autumn is a matter": "The heart is like a lonely cloud and is left to its own devices. Who knows more in the world." The next sentence Immediately afterwards, I accidentally wrote: "Follow the clouds to the west bank of Taihu Lake." Yan Yan followed the pale white clouds and flew leisurely along the west bank of Taihu Lake. The swallows and geese go away, which is a metaphor for the feeling of wandering in the rivers and lakes. Following the clouds without intention is a metaphor for letting nature take its course. Song Dynasty Chen Yu's "Zang Yi Hua Fu" says: the white stones "fall down all over the place, just like people in the Jin and Song Dynasties." When it comes to intentional work, one does not expect to be lofty but to be lofty. "Fan Chengda said that his character in calligraphy and calligraphy is similar to that of the elegant scholars of the Jin and Song dynasties." Zhang Yu's "Biography of Baishi Taoist" also said that his "physical appearance is light and looks like a fairy." But Baishi is actually like a famous scholar in the Jin and Song dynasties. Differently, the so-called celebrities in the Jin and Song dynasties were actually aristocrats who lived and died in their prime years. However, Baishi lived his whole life as a commoner, and at the time of the decline of the Southern Song Dynasty, the hatred for his family and country, and the worries about his life experience were not comparable to those of the celebrities in the Jin and Song dynasties. Therefore, I write down my thoughts when I am worried about the country. The word "West Bank of Taihu Lake" expresses a vast and distant artistic conception. Taihu Lake contains Wu and Yue, and "the sky and water merge into one" (Lu Guimeng's "First Entering Taihu Lake"). The artistic conception of this word is actually as big as heaven and earth. "Shufeng is pure and bitter. Shanglue rains at dusk." The phrase "Shanglue" originally means discussion, but also means brewing. The peaks on the lake are quiet and melancholy, and at dusk, a rain is brewing. The helplessness of the peaks in this sentence contrasts with the myriad sorrows of death. I have never written about mountains in person, but rarely with such a unique writing style. Compared with Xin Jiaxuan's "I see how charming the green mountains are, I guess they should be like this" ("Poppy Poppies"), it is a different story.
The state of the next film is the state where the poet admires the present and the past. "Beside the fourth bridge, it is intended that the mother-in-law will live there." The fourth bridge is the "Ganquan Bridge outside Wujiang City" (Zheng Wenzhuo's "Excellent Collection of Good Ci"), so it is named "the fourth best quality spring" (Qianlong Emperor). "Suzhou Prefecture Chronicle"). This is the hometown of Lu Guimeng. "The Continuation of Wujun Tujing" says: "Lu Guimeng's house is in Shangfuli, Songjiang." Songjiang is Wujiang. Those who follow the sky are also the sons of the sky, and Gui Meng's self-titled. Tian Suiyu comes from "Zhuangzi." Zaiyou" "God moves and heaven follows", which means that the movement and stillness of the spirit follow nature. Guimeng originally had the ambition to help the world. His "Two Poems in the Village Night" said: "If you don't have the skills to lead a monarch, Yao and Shun are not as good as the others. How can you have no vitality in the country and a lot of pastoral education." However, he was in the late Tang Dynasty and was promoted to Jinshi. He didn't succeed, so he had no choice but to live in seclusion. Baishi was not without great ambitions in his life. The poem "Travel in the Past" says: "Wandering and looking at China, sighing at the lack of heroes." "Yong Yu Le": "The original people gathered in the Central Plains, the elders in Shenjing, looking south to the Golden Drum of Changhuai." But he He was also promoted to Jinshi but was not ranked first, and he wandered around the world all his life. This Lu and Jiang are similar. Gui Meng was proficient in "Spring and Autumn", and his "Mr. Fuli's Biography" said in his autobiography: "He has a wild and unrestrained nature. He likes to read the books of ancient saints and explore the great books to understand the great principles." , carved on stone." "But it is full of confusion and confusion, and there is no way to get through it. It will last for almost a hundred years. People dare not criticize the flaws. The teacher is afraid of doubting and mislead the later students, so he writes a book and distinguishes it.
Baishi was good at rituals and music. He once "introduced "Da Le Yi" to the dynasty in the third year of Qingyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty. It had been sixty or seventy years since he had traveled south, and the music canon had been extinct for a long time. Baishi's analysis of the music system at that time included instrumental music, songs and songs. The words put forward the concept of comprehensive criticism and achievements, "The book memorial, the imperial edict is too often. " ("History of the Song Dynasty·Le Zhi Liu") The two men have the same sense of responsibility for traditional culture because of their commoners. It is this sense of identity in spiritual temperament that gives Baishi the idea of ??"meditating only to envy the sky" Sui Zi, spend a lifetime on the cold river in a coir raincoat" (the poem "Three Gao Temple"), and the words "Three lives must be Lu Tiansui" (the poem "New Year's Eve"). Beside the fourth bridge, it is intended that Tian Sui will live there, that is The embodiment of this sense of identity.
Beside the fourth bridge, the place is still there, the sky follows the son, and the people are gone. The ancients of the past connect with themselves, obliterating the boundaries between ancient and modern time. This is a special writing method adopted by the poet to break the limitations of ancient and modern times and pursue the spiritual recitation of the ancients. Another example is Liu Guo's "Qin Yuan Chun" and Dongpo. Lotte and Lin Hejing also wrote about nature, life, and history in one stroke. The words "what is it now" are rich in meaning and cover a wide range of topics. When, where, why, how and so on have multiple meanings. Therefore, "what is it now" includes the meaning of where the world is now, where it is, why it is here, how to face it, etc. This includes the universe, life, history, and era. A great rebuttal is full of philosophical reflection, and the main focus is on the word "now". The historical implication of the counterexamination. It should be known that this place belonged to Wuyue in ancient times. The rise and fall of Wuyue once caused Guimengzhi to express his infinite emotion: "The long path of the fragrant path is full of thorn bushes, and the extravagant clouds and bright rain are only sad winds." King Wu must subjugate his country, and Xishi may not be able to win the Sixth Palace. "("Wu Gong Nostalgia") also cannot help but arouse the infinite emotion of Bai Shi in the Southern Song Dynasty: "In the past, we had fun on the beauty stage, but now we can see the five lakes from the empty stage. The remaining snow has not yet melted, the grass has died, and no elk has passed through Gusu. "("New Year's Eve")
Nostalgic for the past is hurting the present. "The broken willow dances unevenly," Willow Ben is delicate and fragile, so his dance is also uneven, but Still dancing. The word dance is persistent and powerful, and the desolation contains sadness. The natural image of "dance with broken willows" is actually a symbol of the decline of the Southern Song Dynasty, which implicitly contains the feeling of being broken. The meaning of unwillingness to perish. This has the same meaning as "The sunset is infinitely beautiful, but it is almost dusk" in Li Shangyin's "Deng Le Yu Yuan", which symbolizes the irreversibility of the national destiny of the Tang Dynasty, and as a natural image, it complements "Today's." "What?" is the natural connotation of a great retort. The artistic conception at the end of the pen is actually a portrayal of the national destiny of the Southern Song Dynasty. Looking back at the two sentences of Shufeng's bitterness, its connotation is the foreshadowing of the ending. Nine years ago, Xin Jiaxuan wrote "Touching Fish" , Jie Yun said: "Don't go and lean on the dangerous fence, the setting sun is shining on the heartbroken place of the smokey willow tree. "It's the same artistic conception. Baishi's original poem uses the word dance to form a hole, which contains infinite desolation and tragedy.
Being good at imaginary descriptions and writing from the imaginary place is a major feature of Baishi's poems. This poem will tell the story of his life experience. The integration of feelings and hatred of family and country is a priceless treasure in the patriotic poems of the Southern Song Dynasty. The images of life, family and country are all expressed in natural images. Natural images dominate the poems, and they also combine nature, life, and history (Shang Youtian Suiyi). Nostalgia) and the times are integrated and integrated.
In particular, the great rhetorical question "What is it now?" Although its meaning focuses on the present, its meaning actually goes far beyond it. It is the poet's face to nature. , a philosophical reflection on life, history, and times, the artistic conception of the whole poem has also been elevated to a philosophical level, which is really comparable to "What is the world now" in "Peach Blossom Spring" and "Dengyouzhou Taige". "The ancients have never been seen before, and those who have come after will never be seen." This poem is full of emotion, all in the void. It is precisely "the more intense the meaning, the more subtle the words." This kind of writing can easily form the image of self-expression and the written image. The indirect distance creates a hazy beauty. The combination of voice and emotion in this word is also very subtle. The first two characters of the first sentence in the first sentence are in double rhyme, the third and fourth characters in the last sentence are in double tones, and the fourth character in the second sentence is in the same place. The overlapping rhymes are uneven and natural. The wonderful effect of the double-voice rhyme is to add endless emotion to this short chapter. Jiang Kui was a writer and musician in the Southern Song Dynasty. He has a pure and clear body, looks like a fairy, and travels between Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang. He made friends with poets and poets such as Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, and Xin Qiji. During the Qingyuan period, he wrote letters to beg. Zhengtaichang Yayue was an orphan and poor boy. He failed in many examinations and remained in office all his life. He lived by selling calligraphy and helping his friends. He was versatile, proficient in music, and could compose his own songs. Jiang Kui is famous for his ethereal and subtle works, such as "Songs of Taoist Baishi". Jiang Kui is good at poetry, prose, calligraphy and music. He is another rare artistic talent after Su Shi.
Kui
Jiang Kui was a writer and musician in the Southern Song Dynasty. He had a handsome personality, a graceful figure, and an appearance that made him look like a fairy among others. , and became friends with poets and poets Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, Xin Qiji, etc. During the Qingyuan Dynasty, he once petitioned Taichang Yale for justice. He was a lonely and poor young man, failed to succeed in many trials, and remained in office throughout his life. He lived in the world by selling calligraphy and writing. He makes a living by helping his friends. He is versatile, proficient in music, and can compose music by himself. His works are famous for their ethereal and implicit lyrics, including "Songs of Taoist Baishi". He is master of poetry, prose, calligraphy, and music. Shan is another rare artistic all-rounder after Su Shi.
? 412 poems and essays The fragrance of red lotus roots lingers in the jade mat of autumn. He undressed Luo Shang lightly and boarded the orchid boat alone. Who in the clouds sent a brocade book? When the wild goose returned, the moon was full on the west tower. The flowers float and the water flows. One kind of lovesickness, two places of idle sorrow. There is no way to eliminate this feeling, so I just frown, but it is in my heart. ——Song Dynasty·Li Qingzhao "A cut plum blossom·The fragrance of red lotus root remains in the jade mat in autumn"
A cut plum blossom·The fragrance of red lotus root remains in the jade mat in autumn
Song Dynasty: Li Qingzhao The fragrance of red lotus root remains in the jade mat in autumn. He undressed Luo Shang lightly and boarded the orchid boat alone. Who in the clouds sent a brocade book? When the wild goose returned, the moon was full on the west tower.
The flowers float and the water flows. One kind of lovesickness, two places of idle sorrow. There is no way to eliminate this feeling, so I just frown, but it is in my heart. Three Hundred Song Poems, Selected Song Poems, Elegance, Longing, Family Complaints, Describing Scenery, Warm at first but also slightly cold. The storm will come later. The courtyard is lonely near the Qingming Festival, drinking wine with the remaining flowers, and I am sick again from last year. The wind blows in the corner of the building. At night, the door is quiet. Nakan was even more impressed by the bright moon and the shadow of the swing passing through the partition wall. ——Song Dynasty·Zhang Xian's "Qingmen Yin·Spring Thoughts"
Qingmen Yin·Spring Thoughts
Song Dynasty: Zhang Xian It's warm at first and then slightly cold. The storm will come later. The courtyard is lonely near the Qingming Festival, drinking wine with the remaining flowers, and I am sick again from last year.
The wind blows in the corner of the building. At night, the door is quiet. Nakan was even more impressed by the bright moon and the shadow of the swing passing through the partition wall. Three hundred poems from the Song Dynasty, graceful, spring, lonely, nostalgic. The tower is lost in the fog, and the moon is lost in the river. The peach garden is nowhere to be found. It is worth mentioning that the solitary pavilion is closed in the cold spring, and the setting sun is setting in the sound of cuckoos. The plum blossoms are sent to the post, and the ruler is sent to the fish. There are countless ways to build up this hatred. The Chenjiang River fortunately circles Chenshan Mountain, but why does it flow down to Xiaoxiang? ——Qin Guan, Song Dynasty, "Tasha Xing·Chenzhou Hotel"
Tasha Xing·Chenzhou Hotel The tower is lost in the fog, and the river is lost in the moon. The peach garden is nowhere to be found. It is worth mentioning that the solitary pavilion is closed in the cold spring, and the setting sun is setting in the sound of cuckoos.
The plum blossoms are sent by mail, and the ruler is passed down by fish. There are countless ways to build up this hatred. The Chenjiang River fortunately circles Chenshan Mountain, but why does it flow down to Xiaoxiang?
Three Hundred Song Poems, Ancient High School Poems, Graceful, Lonely and Missing