The Origin of Zhao Mengfu's Seven Poems in Yuan Dynasty

The poems recorded in the works have a long history. Li Ao, a poet, ancient writer and philosopher in Tang Dynasty. Han, a famous writer and philosopher at that time, was Li Ao's teacher and friend, and Li Ao had great influence on politics, literature and thought. Li Ao developed Han Yu's theory of "Three Kinds of Sex" and combined Buddhism and Taoism to write Renaturation Book, which advocated "extinction and renaturation". His argument method provided important enlightenment for the rise of Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty. In Renlang, Li Ao invited Zen master Wei Yan from Yaoshan to stay at home for illness, but the Zen master should not. Li Sui went into the mountain to offer condolences. At that time, the Zen master was reading scriptures under the tree, ignoring Li Ao. Li Ao stood for a long time without seeing the greetings from the Zen master, so he said angrily, "It's better to meet when you are famous." The Zen master said, "Why are your ears expensive and your eyes cheap?" Hearing this, Li Ao lost his temper and asked the Zen master, "What is Tao?" The Zen master pointed up and down with his hand and asked, "Will it?" Li Ao replied, "No," the Zen master said, "The cloud is in the sky and the water is in the bottle." Li Ao seems to have gained something. He wrote a poem, which was recorded by Zhao Mengfu. As far as poetry is concerned, we can't tell whether Li Ao understood the Zen master's Zen machine, praised the Zen master's Tao, or just made a record, but later this poem was regarded as Zen, especially the last sentence, which was the most enlightening: there are clouds in the sky, carefree; The water in the bottle is safe and quiet. In order to understand the way of life, although we lack the spirit of courage and diligence, we can also experience an ability to adapt to change and a peaceful attitude towards others. Perhaps Zhao Mengfu took a fancy to this point in this poem, and even he has been using it to guide his life, so he came up with the running script "The Old Man in the Atrium". Zhao Mengfu and his wife, Guan Daosheng, believe in Buddhism. They are both disciples of Mingben monk in Zhongfeng. So Zhao Mengfu's experience of Zen must have its own depth, but we just don't know it.

Zhao Mengfu's The Book of Songs can be said to be a "sketch" in his handed down works. However, the spacing and spacing between words are sparse, and the words are elongated. The pen is like a cone drawing sand, and the line is like a hairpin. Therefore, it gives people the feeling of "seeing the big from the small" and has a deep, steady, graceful and free-spirited and comfortable image. Judging from the context of the book, the charm of this work is due to the big order, and the pen and ink skills are due to the Tang Dynasty. However, as a generation of calligraphers, the unique significance of his existence is naturally not the "re-embodiment" of someone, but the embodiment of his own style and characteristics. Although advocating "retro", this is why Zhao Mengfu became Zhao Mengfu. Zhao Mengfu created a lot of great works in his life, which can be described as unparalleled in skill, but some of his "sketches" can best reflect his personality. Wang Yideng, a writer and calligrapher in the Ming Dynasty, commented: "Zhao Weigong has a peerless title, but his letter ruler is excellent, and everyone is happy. Samadhi meditation, although the play is also a saint. " Zhao Mengfu's running script is not as "free" as in letters, but it still gives people the feeling of "meditation into samadhi" and "no perfection". It can be said that this work began to be created with a quiet and peaceful mind. The first two lines are basically written in regular script, such as water in a bottle, which is stable and quiet; From the connection of the last two words in the second line to the word "thing" in the fourth line, the writing enters the track of running script, and it is slightly "vertical" with a pen, but it is still written word by word, like a cloud floating in the air with a breeze, free and carefree. The word "yes" in this paragraph has been written in cursive, which is quite frustrating and enjoyable. And because of the long tail, the change of word spacing seems to pave the way for the following important sentences and inspire the following. The last sentence, "The cloud is in the sky, and the water is in the bottle", is independent, and the ink color changes from thick to light, just like the wild crane in the cloud, scattered and faint, and sprinkled by rain. Throughout the whole article, the glyph gradually releases from convergence, from small to large, and with the sublimation of poetry from concrete to abstract, the calligrapher's mind seems to be sublimated in writing.

"... the cloud is in the blue sky and the water is in the bottle", which is a carefree spiritual journey, and the calligrapher is detached from the hubbub. Although it is a short moment, it is enough for aftertaste, and then aftertaste. ...