First of all, talk about textbooks.
1, on the position and function of teaching materials
Contradictory analysis is the fundamental way to understand things, and it is the first box of Unit 3 of Compulsory Politics 4 in Senior Two of People's Education Press. As a world outlook, materialist dialectics is the most fundamental contradiction view about the world. As the most basic law of cognition, it is the law of contradiction; As a cognitive method, the most fundamental is the contradiction analysis method. Unit 3 Contradictory Analysis is not only the key to mastering materialist dialectics, but also provides a fundamental method for learning and understanding the contents of each lesson in the book.
2, said the teaching objectives
According to the analysis of the structure and content of this textbook, combined with their cognitive structure and psychological characteristics, I have formulated the following teaching objectives:
(a) Knowledge and skills objectives:
(1) memorize the meanings of primary and secondary contradictions and cultivate the ability to integrate theory with practice.
(2) Understanding: First, the principle of dialectical relationship between principal contradiction and secondary contradiction.
The principle of dialectical relationship between the main and secondary aspects of contradiction
Adhere to the unity of two-point theory and key theory
(3) Analysis: Illustrate the principle and methodological significance of primary and secondary contradictions and contradictory relations with examples, and improve the ability of comprehensive and split analysis.
(2) process and method objectives
The process and method of knowledge introduction-autonomous learning-knowledge combing are adopted to realize the interaction between students and teachers.
(3) Emotion, attitude and values:
(1), adhere to the combination of two-point theory and key theory to understand things, correctly understand the situation, and clarify the truth that China is centered on economic construction at present.
(2) Learn to treat people and things with the concept of "dividing into two" and look at yourself. This is not only a learning process of thinking methods, but also a process of improving morality and consciousness.
3. Talk about the importance and difficulty of teaching.
According to the new curriculum standard of senior two, on the basis of thoroughly understanding the teaching materials, I have determined the following teaching priorities and difficulties.
Teaching emphasis: the principle of dialectical relationship between primary and secondary contradictions and primary and secondary contradictions;
The basis of emphasis: only by understanding and mastering the dialectical relationship principle of primary and secondary contradictions, primary contradictions and secondary contradictions can we correctly understand the situation and clarify the truth that China is centered on economic construction at present; Learn to look at people and things and yourself with the concept of "one divides into two".
Teaching difficulties: the distinction between the main contradiction and the main aspects of contradiction
Difficulty basis: students have a certain knowledge reserve before the role of philosophy, but it is difficult to understand without systematic summary. Students lack theoretical and practical understanding of "a complex thing contains more than one contradiction" and "the imbalance of contradictions", which is difficult to understand.
4. Oral class schedule: 1 class.
Second, talk about learning.
Philosophy is an abstract thing, but senior two students are only easy to master image thinking and lack certain dialectical thinking ability, so it is difficult to understand the relevant knowledge of philosophy. If teachers only adopt a single teaching method and means, students will lose confidence in themselves and interest in political lessons.
Third, teaching methods and basis
As we all know, philosophy is an important subject to cultivate people's rational thinking and can be applied. Therefore, in the teaching process, students should not only learn the corresponding philosophical knowledge, but also have a strong interest in philosophy, so that applied philosophy becomes students' conscious behavior, which will also be beneficial to their future lives. Therefore, stimulating students' interest in learning will be the central task of this class.
Considering the present situation of senior two students in our school, I mainly adopt the teaching method of students participating in activities, so that students can truly integrate into the classroom and experience the charm of philosophy, thus generating the desire to practice. Cultivate students to combine classroom teaching with their own thoughts and actions, fully guide students to look at the phenomena around them, develop their thinking ability and pay attention to their ability to think about life.
Of course, teachers themselves are also very important teaching resources. Teachers themselves should infect and motivate students through classroom teaching, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of students to participate in activities, stimulate students' desire to solve practical problems, and cultivate students' ability to integrate theory with practice, so as to achieve teaching results. At the same time, it also embodies the spirit of curriculum reform.
According to the characteristics of this box, I mainly adopt the following teaching methods:
1, intuitive demonstration method: use modern teaching methods such as pictures and slides to assist intuitive demonstration, stimulate students' interest in learning, activate classroom atmosphere and promote students' mastery of knowledge.
2. Activity inquiry method: guide students to acquire knowledge by creating scenes and other activities, take students as the main body, give full play to students' independent exploration ability, and cultivate students' self-study, thinking and activity organization ability.
3. Collective discussion method: Organize students to have collective and group discussions on self-exploration issues before class, so as to encourage students to solve problems in their studies, cultivate students' spirit of unity and cooperation, and let students show their exploration results, gain a sense of accomplishment and build confidence.
Fourth, express learning methods and foundations
Analysis of students' learning background: Students learn idioms from primary school and learn some philosophical truths. After my senior year, I learned to use these principles to explain my life feelings. After junior high school, I learned to experience life with some poems and novels. After high school, with philosophy, you should be able to use this system of philosophy to experience life. Therefore, to do a good job in this philosophical proposition is to enable students to consciously use philosophical wisdom to think about life and manage life after learning philosophy.
The guidance of learning law is an important requirement to reflect students' subjectivity. Let students master the difference between general philosophy and philosophy and transform their knowledge accordingly. Make full use of students' philosophical accumulation, let students show their thinking, and thus become the real masters of learning. This lesson mainly adopts the following methods in guiding students' learning methods and cultivating students' learning ability: after-class independent inquiry, analysis and induction, cooperative inquiry and after-class inquiry.
Finally, I will talk about the teaching process of this course in detail:
Fifth, talk about the teaching process.
In the teaching process of this class, I pay attention to highlighting the key points, clear thinking, compact and reasonable. The arrangement of various activities also pays attention to interactive communication to stimulate students' interest in learning. Stimulating students' interest can be carried out by setting questions and creating situations.
1, import a new lesson:
Create a scene: slide "Liaoshen Campaign" (* indecision on the issue of attacking gold and Shenyang; Chairman Mao's determination to attack brocade; Teachers can design the following questions: Where is the first attack point in Liaoshen Campaign? What is the significance of attacking Jinzhou to the battlefields such as Liaoshen Campaign and even the national war situation? What are the contradictions between the enemy and ourselves in the northeast battlefield? Which contradiction plays a decisive role? From a philosophical point of view, what truth does it embody? Students watch and think with the historical knowledge they have learned, and enter the new class with interest and questions.
2. New course teaching: combining speaking with speaking, guiding with learning.
"Learning from doubts", carefully designing questions, introducing doubts, inspiring thinking, inducing at different levels, and combining lectures with discussions.
(1) Principle teaching: On the basis of students watching slides and thinking, guide students to analyze the meaning, position and function of primary and secondary contradictions. The following questions can be set on the basis of students' reading textbooks: Are the principal contradiction and the secondary contradiction contradictions? What is their environment? What are the status and functions of the principal contradiction and the secondary contradiction respectively? What are the principal and secondary contradictions? After the students answered, the teacher nudged, and then asked the students to point out what the primary and secondary contradictions were in the Liaoshen campaign. And briefly explain why the key of Liaoshen campaign is Jinzhou campaign in theory. Consolidate in time.
Slide: The Battle of Liaoshen (when China attacked Jinzhou, the enemy of Changchun and Shenyang besieged it, and the scene of Montenegro and Dahushan blocked the war) asks: What strategy did our army adopt against the enemy of other battlefields when Jinzhou was liberated? What philosophical truth does this show? It is pointed out that the main contradiction and the secondary contradiction are interrelated, interdependent and influential, which requires us to pay attention to solving the secondary contradiction while paying attention to the main contradiction.
Doubt: Is the position of primary and secondary contradiction absolute and unchangeable forever? What are the two situations in which the primary and secondary contradictions are transformed into each other? What do some conditions here mean? Display the chart by projection (2) (omitted). What kind of "transformation" do the two legends belong to? Finally, students sum up the principle and read it twice.
Through the example of "gambling on cakes to break the family", it is shown that to solve the problem, we must firmly grasp the main contradiction and cannot ignore the priorities. If you lose the watermelon and pick up the sesame seeds, you must be good at grasping the key points when doing things.
By reciting poems
Wild roses always have thorns. I believe that the lovely angels in the sky will never be perfect. The brightest star in the sky will also fall into the dust if it is hurt by the wind. Our cider often smells like wooden barrels, and there will be black spots in the sun. Then ask: what philosophical truth does this poem explain?
According to the students' existing knowledge, I designed this inquiry activity: as the saying goes, "gold is not enough, and no one is perfect." How should we treat our classmates, teachers, parents and ourselves? Please talk about your ideas in combination with reality.
Teacher's guidance: To sum up, the essence of things is mainly defined by the main aspects of contradictions. Affirm the main aspects, don't exaggerate the secondary aspects. To evaluate a person and a job, we must distinguish the advantages and disadvantages, achievements and shortcomings before we can draw an objective conclusion. You can't be perfect, because "no one is perfect, and gold is not enough."
Introduce the principle of dialectical relationship between the main and secondary aspects of contradiction.
Teachers combined with students' actual analysis: whether it is the main contradiction or the secondary contradiction. In every contradiction, the strength of the two aspects is unbalanced. Among them, one party must be in a dominant position and play a leading role. While the other side is in a dominant position. The former is the main aspect of contradiction, and the latter is the secondary aspect of contradiction.
The nature of things is determined by the main aspects of contradictions. The major and minor aspects of contradiction are mutually exclusive and interdependent, and can be transformed under certain conditions.
Therefore, when we treat our classmates, teachers, parents and ourselves, we must grasp the main aspects of contradictions and the mainstream.
The principle of dialectical relationship between principal contradiction and secondary contradiction, and between principal and secondary aspects of contradiction requires us to adhere to the contradiction analysis method of dividing into two and the cognitive method of unifying two-point theory and key theory.
Because students are new to the concepts of principal contradiction, secondary contradiction and primary and secondary aspects of contradiction, they are easily confused. It can be distinguished by a list.
(2) The significance of teaching methodology: strengthen the combination of theory and practice, and break through the teaching difficulties through students' own observation, analysis, comparison, discussion and application.
First of all, according to the study of principles, students are required to find out and analyze the philosophical implications of related proverbs, idioms, proverbs and quotations in textbooks from the theoretical basis and positive and negative comparison, and explain the importance of being good at grasping key points and making overall plans.
Secondly, projection shows cartoons, such as Cut Finger, Which to Vote for, Trap, Children's Singing Competition, The Most Bitter Man in the World, and Grasping Material Civilization, Not Spiritual Civilization, etc., so that students can deepen their understanding of knowledge through their own analysis of philosophical implications in a humorous and relaxed learning atmosphere.
Thirdly, by analyzing the relationship between the central work and the fundamental task, economic construction and other constructions in the primary stage of socialism, we can cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve practical problems with philosophical knowledge and deepen their understanding and understanding of the party's line, principles and policies.
In the teaching process, I highlight the key points of the textbook and clearly analyze the difficulties of the textbook. According to the characteristics of teaching materials, students' reality, teachers' majors and teaching equipment, I chose the multimedia-assisted teaching method. The application of these teaching methods can make abstract knowledge concrete, boring knowledge vivid and boring knowledge interesting. We also attach importance to the problems in teaching materials, and appropriately extend the topics to make them more prominent, which is conducive to students' series connection, accumulation and processing of knowledge, so as to achieve the effect of drawing inferences from others.
3. Course summary
Classroom summary can transform the knowledge taught in class into students' quality as soon as possible; Classroom summary can help students understand the application of political theory in real life more deeply and gradually cultivate students' good personality.
Sixth, talk about blackboard design.
(A), the contradiction analysis method is the fundamental way to understand things.
1. The principle of dialectical relationship between principal contradiction and secondary contradiction.
(1) The meaning of principal contradiction and secondary contradiction.
First, the principal contradiction: the principal contradiction is the contradiction that plays a leading role in the development of things.
B minor contradiction: refers to the contradiction that is in a subordinate position and does not play a decisive role in the development of things.
(2) the relationship between the principal contradiction and the secondary contradiction.
The principal contradiction and the secondary contradiction depend on each other and influence each other.
B Under certain conditions, the principal contradiction and the secondary contradiction can be transformed into each other.
First, the original principal contradiction has been solved, or basically solved. At this time, a contradiction that was originally in a secondary position will be highlighted and become the main contradiction.
Second, sometimes the original principal contradiction has not been solved, but due to the emergence of new conditions, the mutual transformation of primary and secondary contradictions will also occur.
2. The principle of dialectical relationship between the major and minor aspects of contradiction.
(1) The meaning of the major and minor aspects of contradiction.
A the main aspects of contradiction: refers to the contradictory aspects that play a leading role in things.
B. the secondary aspect of contradiction: refers to the aspect that is dominant but not dominant in contradiction.
(2) The dialectical relationship between the major and minor aspects of contradiction.
A: The two are mutually exclusive.
They are interdependent.
Under certain conditions, they can be transformed into each other.
3. Adhere to the unity of two-point theory and key theory.
(1) adhere to the two-point theory:
A is to understand the development process of complex things, not only to see the main contradictions, but also to see the secondary contradictions.
B. when understanding a contradiction, we should not only see the main aspects of the contradiction, but also see the secondary aspects of the contradiction.
(2) adhere to the key theory.
A when understanding the development process of complex things, we should focus on the main contradiction, "cows should lead by the nose."
B. when understanding a contradiction, we should focus on the main aspects of the contradiction.
VII. Reflection after preaching
1. Teaching effect:
Students actively participate, the classroom is active, relaxed and orderly, and the teaching objectives are implemented. Through this lesson, students understand that contradiction analysis should be used in everything. Use cooperative learning and independent inquiry learning methods to arouse students' learning enthusiasm.
2. Insufficient teaching:
(1) speaks faster.
(2) Students can debate more thoroughly.
(3) In some places, students' activities are not closely linked, which wastes some time.
3. Teaching experience:
In this class, I strive to be "student-oriented", give full play to students' main role, strive to achieve the combination of three-dimensional goals, and highlight the dominant position of emotion, attitude and value goals, and achieved good results. In the teaching process, teachers and students are relaxed and happy, with good interaction and good results.