The "乐" in "The public laughs happily" in the article "Yong Snow" should be pronounced: lè. The meaning of public laughter is: Xie An laughed happily after hearing this. Now I will share the original text, translation and appreciation of "Song of Snow", and interested friends can learn it together. "Song of Snow" writes about the incident of Yongxue in Taifu Xie's family. Do students still remember this ancient prose that they have learned?
1. Original text
Xie Taifu Hanxue gathered in the evening to talk about the meaning of literature with his children. Suddenly it snowed suddenly, and the Duke said happily: "What does the white snow look like?" Brother Hu'er said: "Sprinkle salt to make the difference in the air." The brother and daughter said: "It's not like catkins blowing up due to the wind." The Duke laughed happily. That is to say, the eldest brother Gong has no daughter, and she is the wife of General Wang Ning of the left.
2. Notes
① Taifu Xie: Xie An, courtesy name Anshi, was a statesman and military strategist in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He served as the prefect of Wuxing, Shizhong, Shangshu of the Ministry of Personnel, and Protector of the Central Military Commission. After his death, he was posthumously named Taifu and Duke of Luling County, and was known as Taifu Xie and Duke Xie in the world.
②Inner Episode: Family gathering.
③ Literary meaning: the meaning of the article.
④Snow suddenly: The snow falls quickly and heavily.
⑤Xinran: Happy.
⑥Hu'er: Xie Lang, the eldest son of Xie An's second brother Xie Zhi. He was famous for his talent when he was young, and he was promoted to the governor of Dongyang.
⑦The difference is comparable: It is still comparable.
⑧Brother and daughter: refers to Xie Daoyun (yùn), the daughter of Xie An’s eldest brother Xie Yi, a female poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
⑨ It is not like catkins flying in the sky due to the wind: it is better to compare it to catkins flying all over the sky due to the wind.
⑩Wu Yi: Xie An’s eldest brother Xie Yi. Wang Ningzhi: courtesy name Shuping, the second son of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi and the husband of Xie Daoyun.
3. Translation
Teacher Xie An gathered his family together on a cold snowy day and explained to his children the meaning of the article. After a while, the snow fell quickly and heavily. Xie An said happily: "What does this heavy snow look like?" His second brother's eldest son Xie Lang said: "It's like spreading salt in the air." : "It's better to compare it to the wind blowing catkins flying all over the sky." Xie An laughed happily after hearing this. Xie Daoyun is the daughter of Xie Wuyi, the eldest brother of Taifu, and the wife of General Wang Ningzhi of Zuo.
4. Appreciation
It can be seen from the article "Song of Snow" that Taifu Xie admired Xie Daoyun's talent. First, after Hu'er finished speaking, Gong didn't express anything. After the brother and daughter finished speaking, "the father laughed happily." Mr. Xie laughed heartily and was very happy. This is a tribute to the talents of brother and daughter. Secondly, although the article does not explicitly convey Taifu Xie's evaluation, it can be seen from the addition of Xie Daoyun's identity at the end of the article that the author clearly hints to readers that Taifu Xie appreciates Xie Daoyun's talent more. The meaning is implicit and thought-provoking. If Mr. Xie did not have the tendency to praise, the author would not have to bother with it. It would be enough for "Hu'er" to treat "brother and daughter" as equals. But the author just added the identity of the brother and daughter at the end. Isn't this an obvious emotional bias? Why didn't he provide additional information about Hu'er's identity? Therefore, the supplementary narration at the end is to highlight Xie Daoyun's identity. She is both Xie An's niece and Wang Xizhi's daughter-in-law. She is a woman with outstanding talents. Taifu Xie even appreciated Xie Daoyun's talent.
5. Source
"Yong Xue" comes from "Shishuo Xinyu".
"Shishuo Xinyu" is a notebook novel in the Southern Dynasties of China that mainly records the anecdotes of people in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. It was compiled by a group of literati organized by Liu Yiqing, a clan member of the Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. It is divided into virtues, speech There are thirty-six subjects including political affairs and literature. The book records more than a thousand short stories. It is a very interesting book. In ancient Chinese literature, "salt is spread in the sky" and "catkins blow up due to the wind" are used to compare "heavy snowfall", so which metaphor do the students think is better?
1. Think of "salt in the sky" as a metaphor Well, the color and falling state of snow are closer to those of salt, while catkins are gray-white in color and tend to rise in the wind, even flying higher and farther, which is different from the way snow dances. Moreover, the article mentions "snow suddenly". When the heavy snow falls violently and intensively, only the snowflakes are seen falling straightly, and the light and dancing snowflakes are not seen. The metaphor of "sprinkling salt in the sky" may be a more realistic description of the situation at that time. Scenes. When writing things, we must first obtain physical resemblance and then reach spiritual resemblance. Appropriateness is the foundation.
2. I think "catkins blowing in the wind" is a good metaphor. It depicts the light gesture of fluttering snowflakes, giving people the feeling that spring is coming, and has profound implications. What the metaphor of "sprinkling salt" lacks is precisely the meaning. "Catkins" are light, while "salt" is heavy particles and lacks beauty. Good poetry must have imagery, and imagery is the unity of object image and connotation. The metaphor of "catkins" is good because of its imagery.
However, the article clearly appreciates the answer "catkins blow up due to the wind".
Although Xie An did not evaluate the merits of the two answers, he just "laughed and laughed", which is very thought-provoking. But the identity of Xie Daoyun was added at the end, which is a very strong hint that the author also appreciates Xie Daoyun's talent.
Salt is compared to snow. This metaphor is not bad, but it is not so stunning. "Not like catkins blowing in the wind" is obviously more beautiful. Some people say that these two answers are the difference between a sixty-point essay and a perfect score.
The flying white snow and the catkins blown by the wind give people a feeling of lightness, elegance and elegance.
It is appropriate and vivid, and the season when catkins are flying is when spring is warm and flowers are blooming. The cold scene in winter is written with the warm scene in spring, which is even more poetic. This is exactly where Xie Daoyun's words put him above his brother. "Song of Snow" Taifu Xie admires Xie Daoyun's talent so much, so do you know this woman with outstanding talents and learning?
Xie Daoyun, courtesy name Lingjiang, also known as Taoyuan, was a female poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and a native of Yangxia, Chenjun (now Taikang, Henan). She is the eldest daughter of General Xie Wuyi of Anxi and the niece of Prime Minister Xie An.
Xie Daoyun received a good education since she was a child and was intelligent and talented. She won praise from Xie An for reciting the sentence "It's not like catkins blowing because of the wind" on a snowy day. Later generations called women's literary talent "Catkins". Talent". For this reason, she, Ban Zhao and Cai Wenji became representatives of talented women in ancient China. It is mentioned in the "Three Character Classic" that "Cai Wenji can distinguish the piano; Xie Daoyun can chant."
Xie Daoyun has been praised by the world since she was a child. The famous uncle Xie An was partial to her, and in a blink of an eye she was of marriageable age. The first one he took a fancy to was the fifth son Wang Huizhi, who was Wang Ziyou in "Interviewing Dai on a Snowy Night". However, he heard that this man was a libertine, so he betrothed Xie Daoyun to the mediocre and honest Wang Ningzhi.
Wang Ningzhi is the second son of Wang Xizhi. He is good at calligraphy and has been appointed as the governor of Jiangzhou. He is also considered a young talent with a bright future. But their married life was not happy. Xie Daoyun once complained that her husband was timid and cowardly. Compared with several brothers in the Xie family, he was a mediocre person with no merits. Wang Ningzhi is addicted to alchemy and medicine all day long, fantasizing about immortality, while Xie Daoyun is full of knowledge. Not only does she write excellent poems and essays, but she also has high thinking ability. Once, Wang Ningzhi's brother Wang Xianzhi had the upper hand in a conversation with the guests. As a woman, Xie Daoyun could not show up, so she hid behind the curtain and refuted the guests' views one by one, defeating all the men.
The good times did not last long. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Sun En rebelled against the Jin Dynasty. Ironically, Wang Ningzhi, who was the internal historian of Kuaiji at the time, did not actively prepare for war. Instead, he closed the door to pray to gods and Buddhas. Xie Daoyun tried to persuade her husband several times but failed, so she had no choice but to recruit servants and common people for military training in her own name. Soon the city of Kuaiji was destroyed, and Wang Ningzhi and his children were killed. She rose up to kill the thief, but was eventually captured because she was outnumbered. At this time, she was still holding her three-year-old grandson. Seeing that she was so fearless, Sun En suddenly felt admiration and let her and her grandson go. From then on, Xie Daoyun lived as a widow in Kuaiji and lived a peaceful hermit life.
She wrote: "The times are not with me, and the great fortune is precarious." In the second half of his life, Xie Daoyun opened a school to teach and educate people, devoted himself to poetry, compiled it into a collection, and passed it down to future generations. People at that time praised her as "having a forest atmosphere and being a famous lady among women."
”