1. Recalling Qin E, Loushanguan 1935.02
The west wind is strong,
The wild geese in the sky are calling the frosty morning moon.
Frost morning moon,
The sound of horse hooves is broken, and the trumpet is swallowed.
The long road to Xiongguan is really like iron,
Now we are crossing it from the beginning.
From the beginning,
The mountains are like the sea, and the setting sun is like blood.
2.
Mao Zedong’s "Loushanguan"——New Classical Address to Xiang Tianya on New Youth Network
Xiang Tianya said: "Chairman Mao’s "Loushanguan" "Recalling Qin'e·Loushanguan" is very good. The last part is "The mountains are like the sea, the setting sun is like blood"."
Mao Zedong's "Recalling Qin'e·Loushanguan":
The west wind is strong, and the swallow in the sky is called Shuang Chenyue. In the frosty morning and the moon, the sound of horse hooves breaks and the trumpets sound. The long road through Xiongguan is really like iron, but now we are crossing it from the beginning. From the beginning, the mountains are like the sea, and the setting sun is like blood.
Loushanguan is the gateway to Zunyi. After the Zunyi Conference, the Red Army's advance was blocked. They crossed Chishui twice, attacked Loushanguan again in the early morning, and occupied Zunyi. Then they left Zunyi and won four consecutive battles across Chishui. Therefore, the "Long March Suite" contains the lyrics "A soldier walks all over the world with two feet, and surprise troops emerge from crossing the Chishui River four times."
The background of this poem occurred during the second crossing of Chishui, not the third or fourth crossing of Chishui. After the Zunyi Conference, Mao Zedong became a member of the Red Army's top military "three-person group" and began to lead the Red Army's Long March. However, his progress was blocked. He crossed Chishui twice, attacked Loushanguan again in the early morning, and occupied Zunyi; then he left Zunyi. After that, he crossed Chishui three or four times and won the battle with surprise troops. Therefore, this poem foresees crossing Chishui three or four times, and feeling even more pressure. Shantou Laosheng believes that this poem is one of the most depressing poems among Mao Zedong's poems.
The reason why a poet is a poet lies in his detachment. There is depression in the brilliant emotions; excitement in the depression. Therefore, we can read very passionate sentences in this very depressing poem.
The upper que is written as early morning; the lower que is written as dusk. The upper que is written to advance towards Zunyi; the lower que is written to leave. Shangque: The work was written in February 1935. West Wind, Swallows, and Frost are written here in the south of China, so there is no "snow" and it is used to say that the situation is urgent. "The west wind is strong, and the swallows in the sky are called Frost Morning Moon." In the early morning when the strong west wind is blowing and filled with white frost, the swallows are flying in the sky with the moon hanging in the sky! "The sound of horse hooves is broken, and the trumpet is swallowed." Horse hooves and trumpets point out the army; the sound of horseshoes and trumpets is broken, emphasizing the previous sentence, echoing the "swallow cry", saying that the situation is urgent. The sound of horse hooves is broken, which means that the pace is slowed down, which is not neat; the trumpet is swallowed, which means that the sound of the trumpet is like a whimper because it is suppressed. An old man from Shantou once used this sentence to write "swallow first if you want to speak louder". Shangque's detachment is describing the scene, and his situation is urgent, but he describes it as a swallow; the highlight is the "frost morning moon", not to mention late night, not to mention the dark night without the moon.
Xiaque was detached from the very beginning, with the passionate "Xiongguan Road is really like iron, and now we are crossing it from the beginning." This pave the way for the following sentences, creating a strong contrast - "The mountains are like the sea, and the setting sun is like blood. "The mountains are like the sea, which means that the future is full of mountains and the sea is full of difficulties. The setting sun is like blood, which means that the sun is going down and the night is coming. What he said secretly was that I was struggling in pursuit of the bloody sun. Old gentlemen make a fuss when they read "blood" in metrical poems, thinking that it destroys the elegance of poetry. Mao Zedong's poems make it very clear, there is no harm in using blood!
Some people think that the second repetition of "Frost Morning Moon. Frost Morning Moon," and "From the beginning to cross. From the beginning to cross," is to emphasize that Laosheng on the mountain does not dare to disagree. From Mao Zedong's poem, there is excitement in the suppressed emotions, which is the poet's detachment. Shangque "The west wind is strong, and the swallow in the sky is called Shuang Chenyue. The frost morning moon, the sound of horse hooves is broken, and the trumpet is swallowing." Emotional and uneasy, so "The swallow in the sky is called Shuang Chenyue." The "Shuang Chenyue" in it is exciting And uneasy. "Frost Morning Moon," turned down again, became low-key, and responded to "the sound of horse hooves breaking, the trumpet wailing". Xia Que "The majestic pass and the long road are really like iron, and now I am crossing over from the beginning. Crossing over from the beginning. The green mountains are like the sea, and the setting sun is like blood." Direct excitement, to "Now I am crossing over from the beginning." The "crossing over from the beginning" is the strongest sound of the whole poem. "Cross over from the beginning," and then turn back, paving the way for "the green mountains are like the sea, and the setting sun is like blood." The creative style of the entire poem: intense-low-key (Shangque). Intense - low-key (Xiaque). The poet Mao Zedong was very artistic and creative. Shantou Laosheng said again that metrical poetry is art. Art pursues the unity of contrast and harmony. It is because the poet's second repetition of "frost, morning, moon," and "over from the beginning" makes a transition from "intense" to "low-key" that we feel very comfortable reading it. Nature is the power of harmony.