1, the richness and concreteness of nouns and verbs. The words in The Book of Songs are rich and colorful, with nearly 3,000 words, which constitute a vast number of words and express extremely rich life knowledge. The biggest feature of nouns and verbs in The Book of Songs is concretization. The Zhou Dynasty is an era dominated by monosyllabic words. When expressing different individuals of similar things, the general ability to construct compound words based on abstract concepts has not yet formed, so different monosyllabic words are often used to express different individuals. For example, in The Book of Songs, the abstract general term "horse" is rarely used, but more than 30 special terms with descriptive functions are used. For example, "bustard" refers to black and white hairy horse, and "yellow" refers to yellow and white hairy horse; "Luo" refers to a horse with white hair and black collar. The appearance of these figurative nouns not only shows Zhou people's familiarity with horses, but also shows their extraordinary ability to control and use language. Verbs in The Book of Songs also have figurative features. For example, there are more than 50 verbs describing hand movements, which shows people's careful observation of human movements and superb language creation ability.
2. Be good at using tautology or disyllabic words to describe sound forms. There are a lot of adjectives in The Book of Songs.
Such as death, burning, delay, learning, falling, Yiyi, Jiao Jiao, etc. Double voices such as unevenness, hesitation, embarrassment, etc. , rhyme such as tossing and turning, gentle and graceful, carefree, fecundity, etc. Among them, the tautology is the most, precisely because monosyllabic words are the majority in the Book of Songs era, people can't create a large number of compound words, so they can only rely on this form to enhance the effect of lyric description and make the rhythm of poetry neat.
3. The rhythm of two beats and the musical beauty of language. The main body of the Book of Songs is a four-character poem with two beats, which has a strong
Rhythm and prosodic norms. The most commonly used rhyme method in The Book of Songs is to rhyme every other sentence in even-numbered sentences. The rhyme form of The Book of Songs laid the foundation for the rhyme form of later poems. The use of polysyllabic words, reduplicated words and standard rhymes makes the language of The Book of Songs have a strong sense of music and rhythm.
4. Repeat the rules of the chapter. The important feature of The Book of Songs is the repetition of chapters, that is, a poem consists of several parts.
In text composition, the words between texts are basically the same, only a few words have corresponding changes, and they are sung repeatedly. The form of repeating a chapter, also called chanting style, is a common style in folk songs. On the one hand, because the emotion to be expressed by folk songs is simple and profound, only important repeated singing can fully express feelings; On the other hand, because folk songs are sung orally, this form is easy to remember and recite. The form of linking chapters has influenced the language of The Book of Songs. First of all, it forms some idioms in The Book of Songs, which are not only convenient for memory, but also a skill of language use and a means of expressing the theme. The form of duet also influenced the wording and sentence-making of The Book of Songs. Because formulaic language has a relatively fixed form, it can't be changed at will. It can only be tempered by grasping the central word, and the narrative object, scenery and lyric can be realized by changing the central word, thus achieving outstanding expression effect. For example, six verbs are changed in the novel, which makes the action description coherent, the picture flowing and the emotion deepening, which can be described as concise and profound.