Original text:
Drinking (5)
Tao Yuanming
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
Translation:
Living in the world, there is no noise of horses and chariots.
Ask me why. As long as I aim high, I will naturally feel that my place is secluded.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, Nanshan in the distance comes into view.
The smell in the mountains and the scenery in the evening are very good, and birds come back with their companions.
It contains the true meaning of life. I want to identify it, but I don't know how to express it
Extended data:
Literary appreciation
The artistic conception of this poem can be divided into two layers, and the first four sentences are one layer, which shows the poet's mood after getting rid of secular troubles. The last six sentences are on the first floor, which describes the beautiful night scene of Nanshan and the infinite fun that poets get from it. It shows the poet's true feelings and noble personality of loving rural life.
At the beginning of the poem "Building a house on earth, but no chariots and horses", the author says that although he lives on earth, he has no secular communication to disturb him. What worries people who have no cars or horses? Because "the heart is far away from itself", as long as the heart can get rid of the shackles of the secular, even in a noisy environment, it is like living in a secluded place.
These four sentences, "Building a house depends on human feelings", are written about his feelings after getting rid of the interference of secular environment. The so-called "distant mind" means that the mind does not care about the field of fame and fortune, and love is not the door of the powerful, but beyond the worldly customs. Because these four sentences have profound meanings and deep feelings, the predecessors marveled at their "exquisite literary talent".
"What can I ask you? The "far heart" in the "far heart" is to stay away from the officialdom, to go further, to stay away from the secular and to be free from vulgarity. Rejecting the socially recognized value scale and exploring where the author establishes the basic point of life involves Tao Yuanming's philosophical thought.
In Tao Yuanming's view, man not only exists in society and the relationship between people, but more importantly, every individual life, as an independent spiritual subject, directly faces the whole nature and universe.
According to the law of the ancients in China, "leisurely seeing Nanshan" can be interpreted as "leisurely seeing Nanshan" or "leisurely seeing Nanshan". Therefore, this kind of "leisure" belongs not only to people, but also to mountains. People are leisurely and comfortable, and the mountains are quiet and lofty. At that moment, it seemed as if there was a melody emanating from people's hearts and between mountains, with the same meaning, and melted into a light music.
The "carefree" in "Picking Chrysanthemums under the East Hedgerow and Seeing Nanshan Leisurely" describes the author's leisurely, carefree and carefree state of mind. The action of "picking chrysanthemums" is not an ordinary action, it contains the poet's interest in transcending the world and loving nature. It is not good to change "see" to "hope". The word "Jian" shows that the poet did not intentionally see the mountain when picking chrysanthemums, but accidentally saw it.
The words "The weather is getting better every day and the birds are coming back" are descriptions of the scenery. At this time, we can vaguely know that the poet is not only encouraging himself to "return", but also implicitly entrusting his family with the interaction with the mountains and forests, and also persuading others; Although the two sentences are about scenery, they are actually lyrical.
"That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say." At the end of the poem, the poet said that he realized the interest of life from the beautiful scenery of nature and showed a pure and natural calm state of mind.
"Here" in the poem can be understood as here and now (by the fence in autumn night) or as the whole country life. The so-called "forgetting words" actually means that a beautiful and leisurely pastoral life is your real life, and the joy of this life can only be understood, unspeakable and unspeakable.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Drinking and building a house is the realm of human beings.