First, the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty, the representative figure is Wang Bo, "a bosom friend is as close as a friend in the world", which demonstrates the calmness and self-confidence of the people of the early Tang Dynasty.
Of course, King Luo Bin’s experience will also reflect some of the struggles in the early Tang Dynasty.
In addition, Chen Zi'ang, one of the innovative figures in poetry in the early Tang Dynasty, had a passionate, sad and eternal desolation style, which also marked the transformation of the Tang Dynasty's poetic style from the graceful and luxurious style of the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
Second, frontier poets, representatives of which are Wang Changling, Gao Shi, Cen Shen, etc.
As a representative of the prestige of the Tang Dynasty.
Whether it is the heroic determination of "Qinghai long clouds darken the snow-capped mountains, the lonely city looks at Yumen Pass in the distance, the yellow sand wears golden armor in a hundred battles, and Loulan will never be returned until it is destroyed"; Thief.
Men are self-respecting and rampant, and the emperor is very generous and generous; (the poets of the Tang Dynasty especially liked to compare them to the Han Dynasty, which can also be said to be a characteristic of Tang poetry) or "walking on the horse" As the day approaches, Cijia sees the full moon twice.
I don’t know where to stay tonight, and the unspeakable loneliness of the plains and thousands of miles of deserted people all tells the story of the frontier poet’s sincere love for the mountains and rivers of his motherland. Of course, I always feel that there is some sadness in the ardent praise of the scenery of the frontier and the deep admiration for the soldiers fighting on the battlefield.
Third, landscape poets, representatives of which are Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, etc.
"The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring flows up the rocks."; "An old friend invited me to Tian's house with chicken millet", all of which describe the poet's relaxation, comfort, elegance and leisure.
It was precisely in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, when there were no internal dangers, no external worries, economic development, and a relaxed mentality, that we could have such a state of mind and indifference.
However, in the experiences of these two poets, we can also see that under the appearance of economic prosperity, political stability, and state-owned wise kings, decadence is secretly growing.
(Although I personally feel that if someone who can write poems and lyrics is really placed in a high position, he may not necessarily be an outstanding official, but it is true that they are underappreciated) Fourth, the great poet who is known as the Immortal of Poetry and the Saint of Poetry Li Du.
I don’t think there is much need to say more about this, as everyone is too familiar with it.
Li Bai's prime period was also the most prosperous period of the Tang Dynasty, so his poems basically reflected, uh, how to say, happier things, which of course are also related to Li Bai's own personality. .
Relatively unrestrained, pursuing freedom, and romantic.
Du Fu, who is younger than him, is more tragic. He caught up with the whole process of the Anshi Rebellion and worried about the country and the people every day.
What? "The bones of the Zhumen are frozen to death on the road where wine and meat are smelly" and "Shi Hao Li" or something like that.
But it is also a bit happy. "Wen Guanjun took over Henan and Hebei" is Du Fu's "first quick poem in his life". Fifth, Dali poets, this group is relatively miserable, they were in the prosperous Tang Dynasty during their youth, As a result, they were hit by the Anshi Rebellion, and the Tang Dynasty made a mistake. Their dreams were also severely damaged, so they were undoubtedly disappointed, lamented and confused.
Representative figure Liu Changqing, whose poems mostly describe the loneliness of life and the beauty of natural scenery.
“On the seven strings of Lingling, listen quietly to the cold wind in the pines. Although the ancient tunes are self-loving, many people today don’t play them.
” The prosperity of the past has passed away like the ancient tunes, and today’s people seem to have also No chance to see you.
Wei Yingwu, Cui Hu, etc. all belong to the poets of this era.
The poets at this time were confused and confused about life, which also reflected that the current situation of society was chaotic and entangled.
Fifth, Han and Meng poetry schools.
Han Yu was an advocate of the ancient prose movement. He introduced discussion into poetry and was the founding figure in the mid-Tang Dynasty.
After experiencing the stormy changes, the people of the Tang Dynasty needed a kind of calm reflection.
I, Meng Jiao
It seems that I only know "Wandering Son Yin" and not much else.
It is because both of them seek novelty and difference in writing poems that they are classified into the same school.
Sixth, the New Yuefu School, the representatives are Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen.
In fact, New Yuefu poems appeared relatively early, and Du Fu's "Three Officials and Three Parties" also fall into this category, but there were more later and formed the New Yuefu Movement.
The first point is that poetry is for service, not just for writing. Under this guidance, a large number of allegorical poems that reflected the current situation, people's livelihood, and exposed bad government appeared, such as Bai Juyi's "New Yuefu" Five Ten songs.
Another idea is that poetry should be simple, easy to understand, and Bai Juyi’s poems can be understood even by old ladies.
This is also for propaganda purposes, and essentially supports the first proposition.
Seventh, Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi formed a unique faction.
These two are typical unlucky kids who are on the wrong side, but it seems impossible for them to flatter the eunuch.
Liu Zongyuan is the backbone of the ancient prose movement. Together with Han Yu, he is the representative of the Tang Dynasty among the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. His prose achievements are extremely high.
After that, the political voice was basically very good, but the mood was very bad, the writing style was very bitter, and in the end it made my body very tangled, and then I died.
Liu Yuxi is different. Although he was also relegated, he still has the magnanimity to accommodate heaven and earth. This may be the reason why he can become a "poetry hero".
A poem called "Autumn Poetry" goes against the ancient tradition of mourning autumn. "A crane lining the clouds in the clear sky brings poetry to the blue sky."
From a time perspective, the Han and Meng poetry schools, the New Yuefu School and Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi basically overlapped in time. The emergence of so many poetic styles at the same time, I think, may also reflect the multi-faceted nature of society at that time to a certain extent. , the complexity of the mentality of people from all walks of life.
When the Tang Dynasty was no longer as prosperous as it once was, many choices led to different poetic styles among poets.
Eighth, the late Tang poets represented by Xiao Li Du.
At this time, the Tang Dynasty was already on the road of sunset rivers, which is reflected in many of Du Mu's poems, "Shang women don't know the hatred of losing their country, but they still sing the flowers in the backyard across the river" "East Wind" If you don't agree with Zhou Lang, Tongquechun will lock Erqiao deeply." These may vaguely convey the poet's worries about the approaching war and the decline of the country's destiny.
As for Li Shangyin’s hazy poems.
Some poems are hard to tell what they want to say, or who they are addressed to.
This should be related to the turbulent struggle at that time, the "Niu-Li Party Struggle", which made the poet less dare to clearly write about his inner world.
Li Shangyin may not have wanted to get involved, but he seemed to have been involved without paying attention when he married his wife.
The last is the lingering sound of the late Tang Dynasty.
Since Xiao Li Du, there have been basically no great poets.
The Huangchao Uprising in the late Tang Dynasty reduced the Tang Dynasty to pieces and was about to be destroyed.
Huang Chao's poem "Ode to Chrysanthemums after Budi", which is about chrysanthemums, is quite famous. "When autumn comes on September 8th, I will see hundreds of flowers bloom and the fragrance will spread to Chang'an. "The city will end with golden armor" This has been explained a long time ago.
The poets at this time just traveled around the mountains and rivers, chanted about the wind and the moon, and occasionally wrote a few poems that could reflect current events.
"Official Hamster" by Cao Ye "The official hamster is as big as a bucket. It will not leave when someone opens the warehouse. The healthy people have no food and the people are hungry. Who sends the dynasty to the king's mouth.
" It's quite shocking. I didn't run away when I saw anyone. It can be seen that officials at that time could not be described as malfeasance (but if I really saw a mouse, I would probably be the one who ran away). Of course, the mouse also refers to corrupt officials.
Pi Rixiu, Lu Guimeng, Luo Yin and other poems are extremely sharp and highly critical.
Pi Rixiu's poem "Reminiscence of the Bianhe River" is very famous. When judging the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, it not only satirizes the past but also has a strong meaning.
No matter what, the poetry of the late Tang Dynasty is still desolate and decaying.