There are many beautiful scenes in A Dream of Red Mansions, such as Daiyu burying flowers and Baochai flapping butterflies, which shape different types of beauty. However, the author believes that the most beautiful "realm" carefully written by Cao Xueqin is probably "Shi Xiangyun is drunk and asleep". We might as well take a look at this classic plot in Chapter 62, "Han Xiangyun is drunk sleeping peony, Xiangling is in love with pomegranate skirt":
Just then, I saw a little girl coming with a big smile on her face and said, "Girls, look at Miss Yun. She got drunk and fell asleep on the bluestone bench behind the hill." Everyone laughed and said, "Stop arguing." Along the way, I saw Xiangyun lying on a stone bench in a secluded place, fragrant peony flowers flying in all directions, and red incense scattered all over her face and skirt. The fan in his hand is underground, half buried by fallen flowers, and a group of bees and butterflies are noisy around him; Another bag of peony petals is wrapped in a shark handkerchief as a pillow. When everyone saw it, they all loved and laughed, and rushed to call for help. Xiangyun was still talking about the drinkers' wager game in her sleep, and DuDu shouted: "Spring fragrance is bitter, and the jade bowl is amber, so friends and relatives should drink it until the plum blossom is over." [If! Support footnote ][i][endif]
This description is only more than 400 words when my little daughter told her with a smile that Xiangyun woke up, but it depicts an extremely beautiful and romantic scene. The description of characters and the description of the environment complement each other, and one plus one is greater than two, which makes people think and fascinate. For this beautiful classic picture, Mr. Sun Xun thinks it is the perfect combination of "beautiful artistic conception" and "beautiful character":
Beautiful pictures have beautiful artistic conception and beautiful personality. It's Shi Xiangyun, who is passionate and informal, and lives in a drunken dream, but it's not and can't be Lin Daiyu or Xue Baochai. ..... This dream is Shi Xiangyun's dream, and this artistic conception is also Shi Xiangyun's artistic conception. Cao Xueqin not only painted a beautiful picture for us, but also a beautiful personality and a beautiful heart. 2
In Xiang Yun's Drunk Sleep, the author pursues a pure aestheticism and romanticism, and tries to create an aesthetic scene in which beauty and flowers complement each other and man and nature are in harmony, thus shaping the artistic conception that Shi Xiangyun belongs only to "a celebrity who really loves himself". The first is the beautiful scenery, where the rocks are secluded, the bluestone benches are full of colorful English, and bees and butterflies are flying. Secondly, a drunken beauty participated in the picture and became the center of the picture. All the beautiful scenery around her is to set off the beauty of Xiangyun, from the inside out. Scenery and people, flowers and beauty are perfectly combined and integrated, including movement and stillness, vision, hearing, smell, touch and illusion. People's aesthetic senses are all deployed, setting off the intoxicating beauty of Xiangyun. What is particularly unforgettable is that Xiangyun people and fans were half buried by the fallen peony flowers. This classic picture pushes the aestheticism of the whole artistic conception to the extreme. Finally, the author Cao Xueqin's love and appreciation are revealed from this beautiful picture. In a Dream of Red Mansions full of sadness, the beautiful picture of "Shi Xiangyun lying drunk with peony" is particularly prominent. Since the Qing Dynasty, there have been painters painting "Shi Xiangyun Drunk Sleeping Peony", which was mentioned in the thirty-sixth chapter of Wu's "Twenty Years of Wonderland" in the late Qing Dynasty. It can be seen from the painter's favor that this is indeed the most beautiful painting in a dream of red mansions.
Second, "Shi Xiangyun Drunk Sleeping Peony" is a deduction of Lu Lun's "Spring Poetry".
As for the origin of Shi Xiangyun's drunken sleep, Mr. Zhao Chen believes that it comes from the relevant records of Yang Guifei's "Begonia Sleeping in Spring" in Hui Hong's "Cold Zhai Night Talk" in the Song Dynasty and Dongpo Begonia's poem: "I am afraid of falling asleep at night, so I burn silver candles to shine red makeup". Some scholars think that the design is based on the allusion of plum blossom makeup of Princess Shouyang in the Southern Dynasties, some scholars think that it comes from the poem Sleeping Stone by Rao Jie, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, and some scholars think that it comes from the Picture of Begonia Sleeping in Spring by Tang Yin. There are different opinions, which seem to be reasonable, but they are all irrelevant. The author thinks that the conception of Xiang Yun's Drunk Sleeping Peony should come from Lu Lun's Ci of Spring in Tang Dynasty:
Beiyuan Luo cronyism, dusty shoes. Drunk under a fragrant tree, half buried. five
"Beiyuan" refers to the palace garden. Song's textual research on the two Beijing squares in the Tang Dynasty: "The three parks of Xijing are all in the north of the capital city. The west inner courtyard is in the north of the west, also known as' Beiyuan'. " 6 "Dust Song" refers to the fragrant dust left by the gorgeous shoes of ladies-in-waiting stepping on the road. Tang Fengzhi's "Fireworks in the South": "Chen Gongren is wrapped in scraps of agarwood, with thin jade as the bottom, and the fragrance is printed, which is called dust fragrance." It can be seen from Beiyuan, Luonepotism, Chen Qu and Jinxiu shoes in the poem that women are noble and should be concubines in the palace. The title of "Ci of Spring" describes a concubine wearing a poncho and gorgeous shoes in late spring and then falling asleep under a tree. She has been in a coma for a long time, leaving readers with endless imagination. Under the background of falling flowers and fragrant trees, women sleep soundly, giving people the illusion that flowers are as beautiful as flowers. The picture is beautiful and poetic, and the scene and artistic conception depicted are completely consistent with Shi Xiangyun's Drunken Peony! The pictures depicted are all beautiful women sleeping drunk, and the time is spring. Mr Zhou argued that Baoyu's birthday was in late April, and this time it was Baoyu's birthday. The environment is also a colorful world, and beauty is half buried. The harmony and unity of flowers and beauty highlights the beauty's posture because of falling flowers.
The more direct evidence is that in Cao Xueqin's original text, the phrase "the fan in his hand is underground, and half of it is buried by fallen flowers" directly quotes the poem "half of it is buried by fallen flowers", which has to be said to be the most direct evidence. Lu Xun's Ci of Spring is not his masterpiece. Although the phrase "drunk under a fragrant tree, half buried by fallen flowers" is ingenious and beautiful, it has rarely been noticed by people of all ages. There are only two places where the phrase "half-buried fallen petal" appears in later works, one is the sixty-second chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions, and the other is the poem "Untitled" by A Qing and Huang Zhijun. It is seldom quoted by later generations, which shows that this poem is not well-known and not widely circulated, but it is indeed a good poem. Only those who are familiar with and love Tang poetry will find such pearls. The author Cao Xueqin is very familiar with the whole Tang poetry. Cao Xueqin's grandfather, Cao Yin, was ordered by Emperor Kangxi to compile and engrave the whole Tang poetry. The literature of Tang poetry in Cao Jia's collection is extremely rich, and Cao Xueqin can see Tang poetry that others can't see. Grandfather's outstanding contribution to Tang poetry influenced Cao Xueqin's preference for Tang poetry, which made him borrow the beauty of Tang poetry in A Dream of Red Mansions intentionally or unintentionally. He often uses the Tang poems in A Dream of Red Mansions and directly borrows them into dozens of sentences. In addition to great poets such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Wang Wei, he especially likes to dig up and quote famous poems of poets in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, such as Liu Changqing's Idle Flowers Fall to the Ground and Listen to Silence, Luo Yin's "Being heartless", "On Wedding Clothes for His Girls" and Gao Chan's "An Apricot Planting on the Cloud". Cao Xueqin knows Tang poetry like the back of his hand. The creation of "Burying Flowers" obviously draws lessons from the Tang poem "A Generation of Sad Pulsatilla", and "Rainy Night in Autumn Window" intentionally imitates "Moonlight Night on a Spring River", as pointed out by predecessors. It can be said that Cao Xueqin himself belongs to the school of Tang Dynasty. He believes that learning poetry should take Tang poetry, especially Li Bai, Du Fu and Wang Wei, as the highest standards. For example, in Forty-eight Chapters of Xiangling Poetry, Daiyu said, "Listen to me. If you really want to learn, I have the complete works of Wang Mo. Read one hundred of his five-character laws carefully, then one or two hundred of Lao Du's seven-character laws and one or two hundred of Li Qinglian's seven-character quatrains. I will lay a good foundation for these three people first, and then I will look at Tao Yuanming, Xie, Ruan, Yu, Bao and others. " eight
It can be seen that Cao Xueqin attaches great importance to Tang poetry and interprets the beautiful artistic conception in Tang poetry as a classic scene of A Dream of Red Mansions.
Third, "Shi Xiangyun's Peony Drunk Sleep" surpassed Lu Lun's "Spring Poetry"
Shi Xiangyun's Drunken Sleeps and Lu Lun's Poems on Spring both create beautiful artistic conception, but A Dream of Red Mansions uses Xiangyun's Drunken Sleeps to create a timeless, hearty, lovely and naive classic image. This is something that Lu Xun's Ci of Spring can't do, and a poem doesn't need to be done. It's enough for Lu Lun to create beautiful artistic conception in "Ci of Spring", that is to say, artistic conception creation is its purpose, while "Shi Xiangyun Drunken Sleeping Peony" needs to shape the target of classic characters in addition to beautiful artistic conception, and artistic conception creation is only a means to shape the image of Xiangyun. There is almost no description of Shi Xiangyun's appearance in A Dream of Red Mansions. Her appearance either shows her frankness, informality and fear of offending others, or shows her careless appearance but wise, meticulous and kind heart, or shows her poetic talent. And "Shi Xiangyun Drunken Peony" is a detailed display of Xiangyun, only after she reminded everyone that Xue Baoqin and Xing Xiuyan were the same Armano. The detailed description of this drunken peony is like a close-up shot in a movie, which makes people have infinite reverie about Shi Xiangyun's charming beauty. Shi Xiangyun portrayed in Drunk Peony is both so real and so far away. She may be like some people around us, but she can't exist between us, but only in the isolated grand view garden, on the slate bench and among the flowers.
The meaning of peony and the dance of bees and butterflies in Shi Xiangyun's Drunk Peony are not found in Lu Lun's Ci of Spring. The bee butterfly is the only animal in Xiangyun's drunken sleeping scene. Their participation not only makes the whole picture alive, but also highlights the beauty of Xiangyun. Bees and butterflies have always symbolized the pursuit of beautiful things in literary works. Wang Renyu wrote "The Legacy of Kaiyuan Tianbao" and "The Butterflies Followed": "Whoever is named Ji Chulian, the national color is unparalleled. At that time, your children were arguing, and bees and butterflies followed the source of lotus fragrance and admired its fragrance. " 9 Shi Xiangyun's drunken sleep in Peony Garden symbolizes our pursuit of beautiful people and beautiful hearts. The image combination of bee, butterfly and peony flower is probably inspired by Zhang Mi's poem Peony in the late Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of Zhang Mi's poem "Peony", there is a sentence that "the fragrance is clear and the powder complains about spring, and the butterfly-winged bee must love dust". Cao Xueqin's fusion of the artistic conception of Lu Xun's Ci in Spring with that of Zhang Bi's Peony is of special significance.
Lu Lun's "The Word of Spring" was half-buried, without mentioning what flower it was or the woman lying on the stone bench. Xiangyun was drunk and slept, knowing that the flower was a peony and slept on a stone. Peony image and stone image are not dispensable here, especially peony image, which has special symbolic significance and is much richer than Spring Poem without mentioning flower species. In the ancient literary tradition of China, peony flowers mainly carry two meanings: beauty, amorous feelings and wealth. The Book of Songs Zheng Yi basically established the beautiful and affectionate image of Paeonia lactiflora. This image has been further strengthened in Tang and Song poetry, which can be seen from Si Kongtu's famous sentences such as "Peony Poet only sends love" and Qin Guan's "Peony is full of love and tears in spring". Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica: "Peony is graceful and graceful, hence the name of its graceful flowers." 10 After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the meaning of "wealth" of Paeonia lactiflora became more prominent. When people judge flowers, there is a saying that peony comes first and peony comes second. Yaya, a dictionary in the Northern Song Dynasty, said: "The world is called the king of peony flowers, and peony flowers are beautiful." 1 1 Wang Songshipeng said, "Peony, peony, is the richest flower." 12 Wang Tang Bai Zhen's poem "Peony" said: "Peony is a spring pet, why envy peony?" They all compare peony with peony.
It can be seen that the peony flower symbolizes Shi Xiangyun, which is equally beautiful, affectionate and rich, but it can't escape the fate, suggesting that Xiangyun's beauty and wealth are short-lived. What does this have to do with Xiang Yun's judgment "wealth"? My parents violated me when I was a baby. It is very consistent with Xiang Jiang Died in Chu 13. It can be seen how profound Cao Xueqin's ingenuity is.
Another important image "stone" is easily associated with Baoyu in A Dream of Red Mansions, because Baoyu's predecessor is the stubborn stone of the goddess who fills the sky. Some scholars believe that Xiang Yun is lying on a stone (stone bench) instead of sleeping on the grass. This arrangement implies Xiangyun's attachment to Baoyu, and also shows that the love between Xiangyun and Baoyu is as beautiful and illusory as a dream. Although this statement is questioned, it is not groundless. The author skillfully combines the images of beauty, dream, peony, bee butterfly and stone, which is of great significance.
? In a word, Shi Xiangyun's Drunk Sleeping Peony has surpassed Lu Lun's Spring Poems perfectly, and achieved an intriguing classic image of Shi Xiangyun on the basis of creating aesthetic artistic conception.
[If! Support endnotes]
[endif]
[If! [I] [Endif] Cao Xueqin Gao E's Dream of Red Mansions, People's Literature Publishing House, 1988, pp. 877-876.
2 Sun Xun and Sun Juyuan's Appreciation Dictionary of A Dream of Red Mansions, Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House, 20 1 1 Edition, p. 294.
3 Zhao Chen's Dream of Red Mansions, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1985, p. 36 1.
4 Song Rao Jie's Sleeping Stone: "Quiet has nothing to do with the world, and the vegetation is ruthless. Pulling a stone pillow to sleep on the fallen leaves is a soulless dream on earth. "
5 Collation of Lu Lun's Poems by Lun and Liu Chutang, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1989, p. 568.
6 Vae and Li Jianchao in Qing Dynasty updated the Textual Research on the Renovation of Capital Square in Tang Dynasty, Volume I, Sanqin Publishing House, 2006, p. 34.
⑦ For the book "Fireworks in the South", see the seventh episode of "The Story of the Tang Dynasty" edited by Chen in Qing Dynasty, printed in Shanghai, 1930.
8 Cao Xueqin and Gao E, A Dream of Red Mansions, People's Literature Publishing House, 1988, pp. 665-664.
9 "Wang Renyu's Heritage, Kaiyuan Tianbao", Zhonghua Book Company, 2006, p. 13.
10 Li Shizhen Compendium of Materia Medica, Volume 14, Huaxia Publishing House, 2008, p. 589.
1 1 Lv Dian's Yaya Volume 18 Peony.
12 Wang Meixi Collection Volume 7 Twelve Poems under the Forest.
13 Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions, 5th edition, People's Literature Publishing House, 2005, p. 77.