1, Han Palace Ci
Don
The bluebird flies west and does not return, and the king and the king are in Lingtai.
Courtiers are the most thirsty, and they don't give a cup to the golden stem.
2. Ode to history
Don
The water at the south foot of Beihu Lake is long and the flag drops 100 feet.
For 300 years, I had the same dream, and there was no dragon plate in Zhongshan.
3. Jinling nostalgia
Yuxi Liu Tang
The tide is full of smelting city Zhu, and the sun is inclined to sign the pavilion.
Cai Zhou's new grass is green, and the shogunate is old and smoky.
Prosperity and waste are caused by personnel, mountains and rivers and empty terrain.
There is a song in the backyard, which is miserable.
4. Pass by Chen Lin's tomb.
Tang Wen Ting Yun
I once saw a legacy in history of qing dynasty, and today it floats on this grave.
Poets should know me if they have spirit. Tyrants have no masters, but pity you.
Spring grass is buried in the stone forest, and Tongquetai is desolate against the dusk clouds.
Don't blame me for being depressed. I want to learn calligraphy and sword to join the army.
5. Title Wujiang Pavilion
Dondum
The victory or defeat of a strategist is unexpected, and Bao is a person with shame.
There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown.
6. "Memories of historical sites"
( 1)
Lonely in the dust in the northeast, wandering between heaven and earth in the southwest.
Wandering in the towers and terraces of the Three Gorges, Wuxi Clothes Yunshan.
The barbarian who finally serves the ruler is unreliable, and the wandering poet laments that the times have no chance to come back.
Yu Xin's life is the most miserable, and his poems in his later years caused a sensation in the north and south of the country.
(2)
Decline: I am well aware of Song Yu's misery, romance and elegance. He is also my teacher.
Sad to see a thousand autumn, a tear, melancholy in different times, not at the same time.
His old home between mountains and rivers-empty works, empty sex platform-is certainly not imagined in the dream? .
The palaces of Chu were all destroyed, and the fishermen who showed them today are not sure.
(3)
Thousands of mountains and valleys are close to Jingmen, and girls grow up here.
She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk.
Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Huan Peikong is the soul of jathyapple.
The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness.
(4)
Mr. Shu caught a glimpse of the Three Gorges in Xing Wu. In the year of his death, he was also in Yong 'an Palace.
The blue-green flag on the empty mountain can be imagined, and the Jade Temple is a void in the empty temple.
On the pine trees in the ancient temple, water cranes nest. In summer and winter festivals, the people who come are the elders of the village.
Wuhou Temple often lives next to each other, and the monarch and ministers share the sacrifices.
(5)
Zhuge Liang's name will remain in the world forever, and his portrait is lofty and respectable.
In order to plan the strategy of the world, generations seem to be Luan Feng's Luan Feng.
Yi Yin and Lv Shang are neck and neck, and their command of military operations is calm, which makes Xiao He Cao Can far behind.
The succession of the Han dynasty was due to luck. Although Zhuge Liang was difficult to revive, he was determined and devoted himself to the busy military.
7. Ode to the Yellow River
Don Hu Ceng
Wang Bo was buried, no longer rotating, and the Yellow River was still at a loss.
Down the river to * * * cowherd language, had to spirit if heaven.
8. Jingu Garden
Dondum
The bustling past is gone with the fragrance of dust; The water is ruthless, and weeds are green every year until spring.
The birds groaned, and night came with the sound of the east wind; Falling flowers are as beautiful as green beads falling from upstairs.
9. "Selling flowers sounds nostalgic"
Zhangyuanke wine
A Fang's ballroom is covered with sleeves, and the jade building rises from Jingu Garden.
Dragon boat with ancient willow cable in Sui Dyke.
It is hard to look back on the past, the east wind rises again, and the late spring is bleak.
Beauty killed herself on the banks of the Wujiang River, and the war once burned Chibi Mountain.
The general is empty and old.
Sad Qin and Han dynasties,
The reader sighed.
Write poems about history
Li Shangyin sang history.
Looking at the countries and families of former sages, they became thrifty and extravagant.
Why amber is a pillow, and real pearls are cars.
If you don't meet Qinghai horse, it's hard to pull out the snake in Shushan.
Several people sang songs in the south in advance, and finally Cangwu cried for Cui Hua.
Make an appreciative comment
Li Shangyin's epic eulogizes both the past and the present, which fully embodies his progressive view of history and implicitly expresses his realistic tendency to satirize the present through the past. At the same time, he also euphemistically expressed his frustration with his talent. Compared with the deep feeling of current politics, the expressive ability of epic has been expanded.
Historical poems are based on historical stories or legends, which are closely related to the poet's view of history. Li Shangyin's epic is well written because he analyzes social changes with the historical view of development and change, and attributes the rise and fall of the country to man-made. In Visit to the Ancient, he linked the longitudinal history with the horizontal view, and pointed out that it is peaceful without golden soup, and the frost in the grass reveals the ancient and modern feelings, which profoundly warned the ruling group in the late Tang Dynasty that everything changed, and Jincheng and Tang Chi could not make the country decline forever. According to the historical facts of the rise and fall, he also summarized it as a review of sages and families, and the success was due to thrift and extravagance (Yong Shi). He pointed out that the key to the success or failure of all political power lies in his fundamental understanding of history: there is both rationality and chaos, and people are not bound to the sky. On the question of who he was bound to, although limited by the times, he could only tie the lifeline of chaos to the emperor, but in his poems, he mostly accused them of defeating the country. Therefore, this disclosure is more progressive. The thought that man is not bound to heaven runs through all Li Shangyin's epics. The most noteworthy is a poem "Ode to History" (there is endless water in the forests of northern Hunan), which says that there is a way to rise and fall, not destiny. He added: Naturally, Emperor Tiandi was drunk at that time, and Qin ("Xianyang") had mountains and rivers. Qin and the world are not bound, and the risks are mountains and rivers. Since he thinks that there are clues to the rise and fall of chaos and the ambition of a desolate man to settle down and love men (the harem of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty), he still feels that he has done something despite the metabolism of personnel. Not pessimistic. While emphasizing man-made, the poet also criticized the feudal rulers who took regional conditions and fate as their spiritual pillars and enjoyed themselves without restraint. For example, "Southern Dynasties": the land is long and the Jinling is full of jade. Don't boast that this place is divided into the world, so Xu Fei has to wear half makeup. Throughout the Southern Dynasties, this poem skillfully links the half-face makeup with the distribution of the world, satirizing the decadent and groggy rulers who are superstitious about the king, relying on natural hazards, trying not to advance and eating the fruits of national subjugation. These clear attitudes of learning from the past contain profound intentions and are more conscious and complete than previous people's understanding.
Secondly, poets often use the past to satirize the present, and intensively expose some historical phenomena of the national subjugation caused by the indulgence of women and extravagance. He satirized Zhou Muwang, Chen Houzhu, Yang Di, Tang Xuanzong and other famous immortals, dissolute emperors and decadent and shameless monarchs to varying degrees, thus directly or indirectly expressing his realistic tendency and playing a certain role in irony and exhortation. For example, in the Southern Dynasties, who said that Joan's book was not as good as Jinlian's treading on thin ice? In "Qi Gong Ci", Liang Tai sings and dances at night, and the wandering wind rings nine bells. In Sui Palace, Spring Breeze people cut palace brocade all over the country, half as a barrier and half as sails. Poems with such content and style account for the vast majority of his epics. This shows that from the observation of real life, the poet saw that some emperors of that era had made mistakes in the previous dynasty and were bound to go to the abyss of extinction. Just because I dare not expose it directly, I satirize it by reciting history. However, in many epics, Li Shangyin regards the obsession with women as the biggest cause of national subjugation, and ignores more important factors such as politics, economy and class contradictions, which are caused by his class background and historical limitations. Since the mid-Tang Dynasty, the poet's exposition on the separatist regime of the buffer region, the eunuch's autocratic power, the struggle between the ox and the Li, and the acceleration of the country's demise, although standing on the standpoint of safeguarding the interests of the Tang Dynasty, is tortuous in his poems, but it also slightly reveals his own views and anger at the current situation. Hanbei expresses the author's political attitude of persisting in unity and opposing separatism by praising the novel Pinghuai Xibei written by Han Yu in Tang Xianzong. Of course, Li Shangyin's epic has a realistic background and is closely related to reality. Xianzong named then as the birthday star, but he died suddenly and was buried in Jingling. For this reason, he wrote a poem "Passing the Mausoleum": Huang Wu's spirit is immortal for a long time, and the shed is desolate and foggy, but the people can't stay. Dinghu is different from Wei Xiling. Besides Xian Zong and Li Shangyin's dynasty, Mu Zong and Wu Zong were also good immortals. Since then, Wu Zong became ill, so he wrote many epics satirizing the emperor's quest for immortality. Such as "Hua Yue Xiati Xiwangmu Temple". Jing Zong succeeded to the throne at a young age, so Li Shangyin used the folk name Gao Wei, Queen of the Northern Qi Dynasty, to wake him up in his poems. Such as "The Duke of Chen" and "The Duke of Fu", coldly satirized that the supreme ruler did not care about the country and the people, and lived a life of drunkenness all day.
Thirdly, what is more valuable to Li Shangyin is that he realized that all the bane of his downfall lies in the supreme ruler-the emperor. He doesn't distinguish between virtuous and foolish, doesn't pay attention to talents, is arrogant and extravagant, likes women, and likes seeking immortality. Therefore, there are two typical types of emperors in his poems. In his poems such as Yaochi and Jia Sheng, he satirized the vanity and futility of the emperor in seeking immortality, and the ignorance of loving talents and loving the people less than good immortals. The vain desire of emperors for immortals is a common theme in the past poetry circles. However, Li Shangyin wrote profound thoughts that are less common than others.
Li Shangyin sang history.
Ode to history
Author: Li Shangyin
Original text:
( 1)
The water at the south foot of Beihu Lake is long and the flag drops 100 feet.
In these three hundred years, I had the same dream. Where is the dragon brand in Zhongshan?
(2)
Looking at the countries and families of former sages, they became thrifty and extravagant.
Why amber is a pillow, and real pearls are cars.
If you don't meet Qinghai horse, it's hard to pull out the snake in Shushan.
Several people sang songs in the south, and finally Cangwu cried for Cui Hua.
Precautions:
1, North Lake: Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing. Jin Lingzhi: Dai Nan, Shuimen also. Dai Nan in Beihu Lake, collectively known as Xuanwu Lake, is the place where the Southern Dynasties practiced the water army and the emperors boarded the banquet. The water grows, indicating that the former navy division and emperor no longer exist, but the lake grows.
2, a flag: Liu Yuxi's "Jinling Nostalgia": Chihiro iron lock sank to the bottom of the river, a stone fell to the ground. Refers to Sun Hao's demotion from Soochow to Jin.
3, three hundred years of the same dream: Nanjing is the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, three hundred years, dynasties changed, the flag dropped repeatedly, not only Sun Wu once.
4, Long Pan: Xu Wei Interpretation: Ten miles northeast of Jiankang, there is Zhongshan, formerly known as Jinshan, and later named Shan Jiang. Zhuge Liang thinks that Zhongshan Dragon Plate is Shan Jiang. Lu Wu, Jaco: Liu Bei once sent Zhuge Liang to Beijing. Because he saw the mound of Moling Mountain, he sighed: The Dragon Plate in Zhongshan is surrounded by stones, and the emperor's temple is also there.
Translation:
(2)
Throughout history, all wise countries,
Success comes from thrift, and decline comes from luxury.
Why do you have to use amber as a pillow?
Why take pearls on horseback?
I want to travel far away, but I haven't met a maxima.
It is difficult to pull the fierce snake in Shushan by yourself.
How many people have heard of Shun Di's Song of the South Wind?
Forever and ever,
Only in Cangwu can I cry at the green canopy.
Appreciate:
( 1)
The first sentence shows the typical scenery of the old capital of the Six Dynasties. Beihu Lake is Xuanwu Lake and Nanhu Lake crows, which is the place where emperors of the Six Dynasties played. However, after the regime change, the same North Lake and the same Southern Dai people have seen colorful boats and heard songs and dances in the past, but only Wang Yang is left at this time. With the emotion of caring about the present and feeling the past, the poet combined the two landscapes of Dai Nan in Beihu Lake with the water in Changhu Lake, showing an empty inspiration. In the first sentence, the water in the North Lake is endless, and the poet blends the feelings of prosperity and waste in the Six Dynasties into the vast image of the lake. In the second sentence, the flag is lowered, which vividly shows the ending of Wang Yun in the Six Dynasties through the close-up of specific things. Here, lowering the flag became the general symbol of the last leaf of the Six Dynasties. The allusion to lowering the flag was originally related to the stone city, but the poet's writing of lowering the flag was not counted, and it was further set off with a hundred feet pole. Flags flying at half mast are particularly contemptible; The pole is 100 feet high, the more shameful it is. No matter from the breadth or from the height of 100 feet, we can imagine that some of the last feudal rulers of the Six Dynasties were dissolute, fatuous and shameless.
The third sentence and the fourth sentence have the same dream for 300 years. Where is the dragon brand in Zhongshan? It's a turning point. The poet covers the shameful history of six dynasties and three hundred years. Sun Wu's 300 years in Chen Wu is not short, but the alternation of generations in the Six Dynasties is like an early morning dream, and there is no basis for saying that the situation in Zhongshan is dangerous. Zhongshan is the Purple Mountain. Legend has it that Zhuge Liang saw the excellent situation in Jinling and once said: Zhongshan is the dragon, Shicheng is the tiger, and the imperial mansion is also. However, in Li Shangyin's view, in the past three hundred years, Sun Wu, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Qi State, the Liang Dynasty and the Chen Dynasty have successively established their capitals here, and all of them have perished, indicating that the survival of the country lies in the lack of outstanding people (Volume 7 of Qu Fu Yu Xi Sheng Shi). Beihu and Dai Nan in the first two sentences have laid the foundation for the land in Longpan below, but a flag has been hung high above the Stone City, which proves the shortage of land risks. Where is the dragon brand in Zhongshan? The poet hit the nail on the head by using rhetorical questions to strengthen the negative tone. The beauty of this sentence lies in the author's judgment with images. The poet's reflection on the spirit of the Dragon King is not only related to the mountains and rivers of the Six Dynasties, but also to the lowering of the flag in history and the Changbai Lake in front of him. It is not only related to the collapse of a certain dynasty, but also to the vicissitudes of 300 years. His arrogance is actually a wonderful artistic summary of a dream in 300 years. Poetry is the fusion of scenery and discussion, which is both implicit and vivid. The poet skillfully combines the layer-by-layer revelation of typical scenes with the layer-by-layer revelation of deep meanings. He described a landscape of lakes and mountains that experienced the ups and downs of the Six Dynasties, which implied that the risks of the dragon plate could not be relied on. The endless water is the poet's revelation of meaning from the abandoned scenery today; A lowering of the flag reveals the significance from the rise and fall of history. Over the past three hundred years, the dynasty alternation shown by the flag lowering has been combined into a dream without trace, which has led to the feeling that Zhongshan has no calm and bright language and has hovered in the poet's mind for a long time, forming the climax of poetry. It seems that Longpan is nowhere to be found, so is the Six Dynasties, and so is the declining regime in the late Tang Dynasty.
(2)
With a high sense of historical responsibility and artistic innovation, Li Shangyin wrote more than one-seventh of all his poems, which expanded the connotation of traditional poetry, enriched the theme of poetry, explored new methods of poetry, and achieved his unique ideological art in harmony, which is of milestone significance in the history of poetry. His epic eulogizes the past and the present, fully embodies his progressive view of history, and implicitly expresses his realistic tendency to satirize the present by borrowing from the past. At the same time, he also used the topic to express his feelings euphemistically and expressed his frustration. Compared with ordinary poets' deep feelings about current politics, Li Shangyin's poems expand the expressive ability of chanting historical poems.
The first sentence of this poem is to look back on the past dynasties. Thrift can make the country rich and strong, and extravagance and corruption can make the country perish. It puts forward the key to the success or failure of all political power.
The second sentence is two allusions. The first one is an amber pillow. An emperor in the Southern Dynasty got a very expensive amber pillow when he was fighting around, but he mashed it up and used it on soldiers. The second is Qi Huangong. When Qi Huangong met another monarch, the monarch had many cars, and each car had a very big pearl. The monarch was very proud of this and regarded it as a treasure, but Qi Huangong said that he was talented and that was his treasure. This link shows the importance of talents.
The third sentence is also two allusions. Qinghai horse refers to the talents who can take up military affairs, and Shu Mountain snake refers to the bane of national subjugation (Shu State perished when five strong men pulled out snakes, which led to Shu State's demise). In fact, these two sentences mean that the country is doomed and God is in a daze. One mountain is actually very contradictory. Although he knows that sages and families in the past have been visited, he has been defeated by thrift and luxury. But at that time, Tang Wenzong was very ambitious, but unfortunately he was enslaved by domestic slaves and died of depression. Therefore, Yishan could not explain why the country was declining, but could only interpret it as providence.
The last sentence of Nanxun Song is Nanfeng Song, which was sung in the same year. Once the song is finished, the world is at peace. Several people have predicted Nanxun's song, which means that no one will hear Shun's Nanfeng's song again, which means that the world will fall into chaos. Cangwu is the burial place of Shun, and Cuihua is the canopy on the top of the emperor's ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven. The last sentence means that the country is so declining that it is no longer the wind of Yao and Shun.
This poem, based on the historical facts of the rise and fall of history, is summarized as the journey of the sages to govern the country, from frugality to luxury. These clear attitudes of learning from the past contain profound intentions and are more conscious and complete than previous people's understanding. On the question of who is responsible for the rise and fall, although limited by the times, Li Shangyin can only tie the lifeline of chaos to the emperor, but in his poems, he mostly accuses him of defeating the country. Therefore, this disclosure is more progressive.
Ode to history and cherish ancient poems
Ode to history and cherish ancient poems
1, Chibi
Dondum
A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing.
If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.
2. Climb the Phoenix Terrace from Nanjing.
Tang Libai
There used to be a phoenix on the phoenix platform, and the phoenix went to Taiwan, only Jiangdong returned.
Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
The mountains are shrouded in clouds, such as blue sky, and the river is divided into two.
There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
3. Shu Xiang
Don du fu
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister in a pine forest near the Silk City?
The green grass in spring dyed the steps red, and every leaf in Huang Peng made a wonderful sound.
The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
4. Jinling nostalgia
Yuxi Liu Tang
Chao Man Ye and Zhu Cheng, the sun oblique sign pavilion.
Cai Zhou's new grass is green, and the shogunate is old and smoky.
Prosperity and waste are caused by personnel, mountains and rivers and empty terrain.
There is a song in the backyard, which is miserable.
5. Title Wujiang Pavilion
Dondum
The victory or defeat of a strategist is unexpected, and Bao is a person with shame.
There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown.
6. chanting for the monument (the fifth of five songs)
Don du fu
Zhuge Liang's name will remain in the world forever, and his portrait is lofty and respectable.
In order to plan the strategy of the world, generations seem to be Luan Feng's Luan Feng.
See you in the middle, and then you will surpass all the greatest politicians.
The succession of the Han dynasty was due to luck. Although Zhuge Liang was difficult to revive, he was determined and devoted himself to the busy military.
7. chanting for the monument (the third of five songs)
Don du fu
Thousands of mountains and valleys are close to Jingmen, and girls grow up here.
She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk.
Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? Back to the soul in the moonlight.
The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness.
8. "Selling flowers sounds nostalgic"
Zhangyuanke wine
Yu Ji died on the banks of the Wujiang River, and the war has burned the red cliff. General Ban Chao died in Yumenguan in vain.
The sad flames of Qin and Han Dynasties have made countless people miserable, and those who study can only sigh deeply.
9, "Han Gong Ci"
Don
The bluebird flies west and does not return, and the king and the king are in Lingtai.
Courtiers are the most thirsty, and they don't give a cup to the golden stem.
10, Jiangnan nostalgia
Dondum
Cheshushu can't be mixed, and Jingyishan River is the same today.
Chen Wunian, went to Jinling, and recalled Yugong with melancholy leisure.
1 1, nostalgia in Jinling on a moonlit night
Tang Libai
The pale Jinling moon hangs in the sky of the empire.
Astronomy stays in the sky, and it is a big river.
Green water is absolutely clear, and pine trees destroy ancient hills.
There is no Phoenix Tower in the palace.
Summer is not sad and clear, but Fiona Fang enjoys himself.
When I heard Song Yushu, the backyard was desolate.
12, Niannujiao Red Cliff Nostalgia
Song sushi
The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever.
Old camp west, people say it's the war of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs.
The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.
The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.
Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.
A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes.
I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.
Life is like a dream, and a bottle returns to the moon.