Li He has a poem called "Yong Huai":
The Changqing Huai Maoling, the green grass hangs down the stone well.
Playing the piano and watching Wenjun, the spring breeze blows the shadow on the temples.
The King of Liang and Emperor Wu abandoned it like a broken stem.
Only a brief note is left, which is on the top of Jinni Tai Mountain.
Changqing is Sima Xiangru, also known as Changqing. Maoling is the mausoleum of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. In the fifth year of Yuanshou, Sima Xiangru was dismissed from office due to illness and lived in Maoling. "Huai", some people interpret it to mean "residence", which is okay, but the word "huai" itself does not mean to live. There is a word called "huaiju", which comes from "The Analects of Confucius? Xianwen" "A scholar who is pregnant with his home is not enough to be a scholar", which means nostalgia for comfort - "huai" means "nostalgia, greed", and "ju" means "home" ” ("Residence" in "Analects of Confucius" means "a place where one wishes to settle down")
"Changqing Huai Maoling" means that Sima Xiangru was very nostalgic for the years he spent in Maoling.
There is a problem with this first sentence, because Sima Xiangru moved to Maoling because he was demoted due to illness, and Sima Xiangru was a very utilitarian person. There is an allusion recorded in "Huayang Guozhi? Shu Zhi" : "Ten miles north of the city is the Shengxian Bridge, where you can see things off. When Sima Xiangru entered Chang'an for the first time, he wrote at the gate of the market: If you don't ride in a red chariot and four horses, you will be the best." This is the Han Dynasty version of "If I don't get along well, I won't come." La!" Throughout his life, from the time he donated an official position when he was young, to visiting Liangyuan, meeting the dog prison, offering gifts to the forest, accompanying the emperor, and passing through the southern barbarians, he was a man who was active in achieving fame and success. .
The dismissal of Maoling from his post in his later years should be a very miserable thing for Xiangru. The interpretations of this matter by poets in the past dynasties are also full of desolation, such as "Maoling Autumn Rain Sickness, Xiangru", "Maoling Autumn Rain, Xiangru Fu", etc.
Why did Li He write "Chang Qing Huai Maoling"? What is he carrying?
The next sentence is "Green grass hangs over the stone well." Green sedge hangs over the stone well, creating a summer scene as beautiful as an oil painting. It is also written about Maoling, and the lens is also focused on plants, which is completely different from other poems, such as "Maoling Autumn Rain Drops on Berry Moss" (Hu Yinglin).
The first two sentences describe a quiet and leisurely living environment, which leads to three or four sentences. Three or four sentences are breathtakingly beautiful - "Looking at Wenjun while playing the piano, the spring breeze blows the shadow on the temples." While Sima Xiangru was playing the piano, he looked at Zhuo Wenjun, watching the spring breeze blowing her beautiful temples.
This poem is beautiful, absolutely beautiful. What's more, this poem was written by Li He, so I have to give it an extra 10 points. The full score is +10 points. It's so beautiful. Because Changji was lonely all his life, his life and poems were all cool and gorgeous. He did not lack beauty, but he lacked warmth.
And this sentence, beautiful and warm, makes people melt into the spring breeze of 2,100 years ago.
"The King of Liang and Emperor Wu abandoned it like a broken stem"
View of Maoling in the distance
The King of Liang refers to the period of Emperor Jing, when King Xiao of Liang Liu Wu came to court, and Sima Xiangru was able to make friends with Zou Yang, Meicheng, Zhuang Ji and other Ci Fu masters who were guests of the King of Liang. Later, he went to Liang to communicate with these like-minded scribes, and wrote the famous "Zixu Fu" for the king of Liang.
Emperor Wu refers to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru passed the dog prisoner Yang Deyi, and thanks to Emperor Wu, he rose to prominence. It started his glorious years before Maoling.
However.
All of this is like a broken stalk, let the wind blow it away, it doesn’t matter.
The Xiangru who walked across the Shengxian Bridge and swore an oath of fame; the Xiangru who put on trousers to sell wine in Chengdu in order to take advantage of his father-in-law; , the unknown Xiangru; the Xiangru who went to fellow villagers with Yang Goujian in order to be recommended; the Xiangru who wrote "Shanglin" for Emperor Wu and "Changmen" for Gillian, who pacified the southwestern barbarians, how proud Sima Xiangru was. like.
All of this was lost in the long autumn rain in Maoling. He moved to Maoling in the second year of Yuanshou, three years before his death, thirty years since he walked across Shengxian Bridge, and twenty-three years since he met Wenjun.
So it is said that "Chang Qing cherished Maoling". After he "thrown away the King of Liang and Emperor Wu" "like a broken stem", he was extremely nostalgic for the years when he and Wenjun lived in Maoling - ―There are no high-ranking officials and generous salaries (dismissed), there are no guests (dismissed), and even life is coming to an end.
In the end, the meaning of everything is fixed in, "Watching Wenjun while playing the piano, the spring breeze blows the shadow on the temples."
Sima Xiangru and Zhuo Wenjun
"Only a brief note is left on the top of the Jinni Tai Mountain." In the fifth year of Yuanshou, Sima Xiangru was seriously ill. Liu Che called an envoy and said: "Sima Xiangru is very ill. You can send someone to retrieve all his books; if you don't do this, they will be lost in the future." So Suozhong was sent to Maoling, but Xiangru was already dead. , there are no books at home. Asked Wenjun, he replied: "Changqing never had a book. He wrote books all the time, and others took them away, so the house was always empty. Before Changqing died, he wrote a book. He said: When an envoy came to get the book, he presented it. There was no other book. "The one left by Sima Xiangru was "Feng Chan Wen" in preparation for Liu Che's visit to Mount Tai five years later. It can also be regarded as an explanation of his famous career.
The above is my personal interpretation of this poem. Until? I saw the explanation on the Internet:
Sima Xiangru lived in Maoling, with green grass hanging down into the stone well. While playing the piano, she looked at Zhuo Wenjun and saw the spring breeze blowing her temples. It is a pity that King Xiao of Liang and Emperor Wu of Han regarded him as a broken stem and abandoned him.
After his death, he left only a volume of documents, but Emperor Wu followed the Zen ceremony and climbed to the top of Mount Tai.
Although there is only one sentence that is different, it suddenly turns a love poem into a traditional theme of feeling unappreciated - the co-author was that he was abandoned by King Liang and Emperor Wu like a broken stem! This Qiqi looks like a little woman, and her beauty is immediately doubled.
They must have made a mistake. So I went back to the previous annotations and found Wang Qi's "Annotations on Li He's Poems" in Qing Dynasty:
This article is borrowed from Sima Changqing to describe himself. "Chang Qing cherishes the mausoleum, green grass hangs down the stone well", which means living in peace and quiet; "playing the zither and watching Wen Jun, the spring breeze blows the shadow on the temples", showing how well the family gets along; "The king of Liang and Emperor Wu discarded it like a broken stem. Only a brief note was left behind, "On the top of Jin Ni Tai Mountain." It was said that it was already there, and everyone above it discarded it and did not use it. After he died, he saw his suicide note and reflected on it to use it in the world.
Okay, okay, you win. But to this day, I still feel that my perspective is much more beautiful.