Willow in the dark garden
Yingying girl upstairs
Jiao Jiao should create excellence.
E e hong rice noodles restaurant
Delicate hands
Used to be a housewife.
I am a slut today.
Don't come back when you are wandering.
An empty bed is hard to keep alone.
This poem is from the second of Nineteen Ancient Poems. The overlapping words look good.
She, the person in charge of the independent building, has a plump figure, such as the breeze; She, leaning against the window as a porch, makes people radiant, as bright as the bright moon in the light cloud; Why, she is wearing red and colorful clothes, so careful; Why, her ivory-carved slender hands, grasping the window lattice, stared at her neck for a long time: what did she see? I saw the Yuan-Jiu River, covered with green grass, continuous, extending to the distance. "The grass on the green river bank is endless and has no thoughts; What you want in the distance, what you dreamed of in the past (Ancient Poetry). It turned out that her eyes followed the footsteps of passers-by with the color of grass; She saw the lush weeping willows in the garden. She once gave it to others as a gift from this tree, hoping that the willow tree would "stay" in the hearts of travelers. It turned out that the annual spring scenery once again ignited her hope of reunion and aroused her youthful feelings. Hope, in hope, once again boils down to disappointment and emotion, and in waiting, it turns into sadness and resentment. She can't help recalling the ups and downs of life. She, the advocate of this family, finally broke free from the shackles of tears and songs, found a happy husband and hoped to lead a normal life. However, why is nature so confusing? She couldn't help shouting in her heart: "Why don't you come back, cold empty bed, how can I be alone!" "
This poem is such an ordinary fragment of life that has been repeated countless times, and it only uses the ordinary composition of lyric on the spot and the ordinary language of "a scholar speaks everyday" (Xie Zhen language); However, the charm is extraordinary. It is this poem that can see the extraordinary realm in the ordinary, and it is also the exquisiteness that later generations of Nineteen Ancient Poems deliberately carved.
The structure of the poem seems to be straight, but in fact it is tall and graceful, and the perfect contrast between reality and reality is very natural. Of course, the center of poetry and painting is the beauty of the building, with grass and willow smoke, which is what she sees in her eyes, but the poet-perhaps an outsider who accidentally saw this beauty, or a prodigal son who came from afar-imagined on her behalf, naturally from far and near, from the grass outside the garden, gathered willow smoke into the garden and gathered at the top of the tall buildings in the garden. Youth in nature is the foil of young women's youth; The green grass and willows are beautiful against the bright red makeup. It is only because it is so beautiful that the sudden sadness at the end of the article is particularly touching. After reading the poem, I further realized that opening the vibrant grass tree has already been smeared with the dream-like sadness of a young woman. This is the taste of nineteen poems that predecessors often say. For example, the analysis of the poetic methods of later poets has formed a structure of comparison before and after, and the endings are corresponding. However, people can't help feeling that poets don't necessarily make such ingenious structures. He just imagined for her and wrote one by one with her emotional development as a clue. The natural twists and turns of feelings formed the natural twists and turns of poetry structure.
The language of the poem is not unusual, but it uses overlapping words commonly used in folk songs, and the six words are used together, but they are appropriate and vivid. Both green and melancholy describe the vitality of plants, but green focuses on color, melancholy and ideology, and they are interchangeable. Only when willows pile up smoke will you feel depressed. The grass by the river is endless, so it is hard to be depressed. If you only use green willows, you will not try your best. Both Britain and Jiao Jiao described the charm of beautiful women, while Ying Ying focused on posture, while Jiao Jiao focused on elegant manners. From Ying Ying to Jiao Jiao, you will feel like a bright moon coming out of the clouds, from hidden to fresh. If you try to exchange one after another, you will feel inappropriate. E E and fairy are both about appearance, E E is a general compliment, and fairy is a description of details, such as equivalence and necessity. The grid is not smooth. The six overlapping words are the same, from the periphery to the center, from the whole to the part, from the obscure to the clear, which sets off the perfect image of women upstairs. Of course, there are also some refining options here, but they are all reflected one by one according to the poet's vision or suspense process. Perhaps it is the natural development of imagination that helps the popular five-character poets to use vocabulary so aptly without any trace of carving. If it is constructed out of thin air, the effect may not be so good. This is the so-called "scholar talks a lot".
The tone of the six-fold words is also full of natural beauty and changing beauty. Qingqing is flat, melancholy is purring, Yingying is flat and voiced, and Jiao Jiao is purring and unvoiced; E-e, Xian-Xian are flat sounds, but one is turbid and one is clear, and the contrast between flat and clear is intricate, forming a palace merchant, which is harmonious and beautiful. At that time, the melody had not been discovered, and the poet just made a sound of nature according to his intuition. It is no wonder that Zhong Rong's poem says that "the bee's waist and knees are camel, and it has already taken shape". This natural tone makes the syllables of the whole poem still have an quaint charm in the smooth ups and downs. If you distinguish it carefully, you can see the difference between it and later tones.
The combination of sound, form and two aspects of six overlapping words endows rich and varied scattered changes in the monotony of overlapping words. This monotonous change concentrates on conveying the lonely and dazzling image of the heroine and her lonely and disturbing voice.