1. Understand the order of material arrangement in this paper and the interpretation method of application.
2. General characteristics of comments.
Teaching methods:
On the basis of understanding the content of the text, understand the characteristics of the commentary, and initially master the reading method of the explanatory text which integrates explanation, narration and lyric.
Teaching time: 1 class hour
Teaching steps:
Problem solving: From Yibin to Chongqing is a comment, taken from The Story of the Yangtze River, which is the largest river in China. Shangyuan Tuotuo originated from the East Snow Mountain in Gladang, Qinghai, followed by Nadang Qu, later called Tongtian River, and went south to Batang River mouth in Wushu County. The one below Yibin is called Jinsha River; Yibin is called the Yangtze River below. Yibin, Hubei to Yichang is generally the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Yibin, Luzhou and Chongqing are all important cities in Sichuan in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. This paper introduces the scenery, customs, history, culture and natural resources of Yibin, Luzhou and Chongqing with TV pictures.
Positive tone:
Minjiang river (mín)? Quiet (xián)? Luzhou (lú)? Tuojiang (tuó)? Yuzhou
Cable car (l m 4 n)? Sampan (shān)? Majestic (páng)(bó)？ Spinal kidney
Shu? Concave-convex (bǒ)? Atmosphere (fēn)? Gong county (gǒng)? Jiajing
Which paragraph explains the geographical location of Yibin, Luzhou and Chongqing? (Section 8) What are the geographical similarities between these three cities?
(both at the intersection of the two rivers)
So how many cities does this article focus on? (Yichang, Chongqing)
Explain that things must grasp the characteristics of things. Now let's sum up the introduction of Yibin and Chongqing:
Yibin (1) is a famous city.
(3) The mystery of "hanging coffin" (the cliff is a bit special)
Chongqing Ancient City (1) (name evolution)
(2) Important ports (topographical features)
According to the above, we can sum up the different characteristics of the two cities.
Yibin: Mystery of Hanging Coffin
Chongqing: Mountain City and Fog City
From Yibin to Chongqing
Explain Yibin and Chongqing respectively according to the teaching reference.
Chongqing is not high, people call it the mountain city. This is what to say.
Look at this Chongqing-from bottom to top, from top to bottom, there are houses everywhere, dense and layered. It can be said that the city is a mountain and the mountain is a city. The highest ground elevation in the urban area is 280m, but the lowest ground elevation in the urban area is only160m. In the same city, the relative height of the ground is actually120m. This is rare in China and even in the world. Chongqing is called the mountain city.
The main street in Chongqing winds in the back of the mountain city. In Chongqing, in busy neighborhoods, people who ride bicycles are rarely seen, because it is too difficult to climb mountains by bike. Someone joked: "in Chongqing, sometimes people ride bicycles;" Sometimes it's a rider. "
practise
The missing keywords in the 1. box are in the correct order: (? )
A. But, therefore, since, also
B. However, therefore, although, but
C. However, even if, therefore,
D. However, even so,
2. The object of paragraph description is: (? )
A. Chongqing is not high. ? B: There are houses everywhere, densely packed and layered.
C. mountain city. ? D. Sometimes people ride bicycles, and sometimes people ride bicycles.
3. Which interpretation method is correct? )
A. For example, list the numbers
B. Compare and list the figures
C. list the figures and explain them.
D. Define and list numbers
4. One of the following statements is wrong (? )
A "bottom-up, top-down" roughly explains the topography of Chongqing.
B. "The city is a mountain, and the mountain is a city", aiming at enhancing the image sense of "mountain city" by metaphor; Not to explain the ups and downs of the mountain city.
C. Explain the characteristics of "mountain city" with the relative height difference of the ground: uneven.
D The word "rider" also embodies the characteristics of "mountain city".
5. The function of dashes in paragraphs is: (? )
A. table explanation. ? B. semantic turn.
C. ideographic progression. ? D. the sound of the watch is extended.
6. There is an error in the punctuation of a sentence in the paragraph. Please point out and correct it.
Reference answer
1.c？ 2.c？ 3. a? 4.b？ 5. a? 6. A pair of quotation marks after the last sentence "Say" should be deleted; The semicolon after "cyclist" should be changed to a comma.
Decisions, affirmative sentences and negative sentences
Affirmative and negative sentences
Sometimes a meaning can be expressed in affirmative or negative sentences. The meaning expressed is similar, but not exactly the same. They often have differences in semantic tone. You can realize this by comparing the following affirmative sentences and negative sentences.
It's very hot today.
It is not cold today.
This peach is delicious.
This peach is good.
Example ① ③ is a positive sentence, and example ② is a negative sentence. ① and ②, ③ and ④ express the same meaning, but they are different in semantic weight and tone strength. Generally speaking, negative sentences are lighter in meaning and weaker in tone than positive sentences.
Sometimes, the meaning expressed by affirmative sentences can also be expressed by double negation. For example:
No one who came back from the front spoke of Bethune without admiration and without being moved by his spirit.
He missed the last bus and had to walk home.
Example (5) uses two double negation expressions: "There is no exception", which means there is no exception. If we use affirmative sentences instead, we can say that "everyone admires" and "everyone is moved by his spirit", which have the same meaning, but the double negative sentence has a heavier meaning and a more positive tone. The word "have to" in Example 6 is also a double negative, which means "there is no other way" and the tone is stronger than "have to".
According to the characteristics of negative sentences in expression, we can sometimes change positive sentences into negative sentences to make the meaning of sentences lighter. Sometimes in order to make sentences more semantic, we can change affirmative sentences into double negatives.
practise
1. Transform the following sentences (Ken and No alternate).
His handwriting is very good.
Everyone's speeches are good.
The food in the market is very cheap recently.
2. Determine the following sentence patterns and compare their differences in semantic mood.
I have to tell him about it.
Everyone agrees that he should take part in the competition.
The meaning is easy to understand.
This truth is not difficult to understand.
Reference answer 1. 2.① Double negation means affirmation, which is heavy and strong? ② Sure, lighter and weaker? Of course, a little lighter and weaker? ④ Negation is lighter and weaker than affirmation.