2 improve students' ability to appreciate poetry.
Teaching focus? Master the problem-solving skills of scene image problems
Teaching points: Review the methods and skills of appreciating scenery images (imagery and artistic conception).
Class schedule? 2-3 class hours
Teaching process:
first kind
First, appreciation guidance.
The image of poetry works refers to the vivid and concrete artistic image created by poetry works, which embodies the author's life ideal and thoughts and feelings.
Landscape (scenery in landscape poems or miscellaneous poems)
Character (a character depicted in a poem or a lyric hero)
Object (the object image in chanting poems or miscellaneous poems)
(1) landscape image. The landscape image in the poem is the scenery in love. Lyrics are often subjective emotional images with the help of objective images (mountains, rivers, vegetation, etc.). ), that is, there is an image of "meaning", that is, "image". Poets usually express themselves through images, and poets as subjects are often integrated with images as objects. Sometimes there are several images in a poem, and they are all interrelated. The scene in this poem was carefully cut and designed by the poet to express his thoughts and feelings. Generally, there are: scenery description (season, season, region, etc. ), scene description (farming, war, hunting, parting, etc. ) and color description. "All scenery words are sentimental words", and scenery is the external expression of the feelings of the characters (often the poets themselves). Therefore, when we appreciate the image of the landscape, we often have to contact and appreciate the image of the poet, which is consistent.
(2) Character image. The poet image "I" in poetry generally refers to the lyric hero, that is, the poet himself. It is different from the "I" in the novel (not the author himself).
(3) the image of things. A poet expresses his heart or some kind of emotion with the help of something with certain connotation. Such as chanting poems and miscellaneous poems.
The image of the landscape.
Overview of landscape imaging methods;
(1) describe the picture in the poem.
Grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful.
② Summarize the characteristics of scenery creating atmosphere (artistic conception).
Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as loneliness and cold, tranquility and beauty, vigor and grandeur, bleakness and desolation, brightness and beauty, tranquility and profundity. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scene.
Commonly used terms: vast, magnificent, open, broad, tragic, sad, desolate, cold, quiet, depressed, desolate, cold, declining, lonely, quiet, leisurely, lingering, fresh, bright, gorgeous, magnificent, beautiful, bleak, hazy and elegant.
③ Analyze the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author.
? Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings, or give people what kind of enlightenment and thinking. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sadness", but also to answer why he is "sad". Let's talk about the poet's thoughts and feelings according to the characteristics of the situational atmosphere of this poem. Generally speaking, it can be manifested as: sadness of parting, sadness of traveling, homesickness and homesickness, leisure and tranquility, good water in Leshan, sadness at that time, worries about the past and present, worries about the country and the people, expressing feelings, sighing and satire.
Tip:
How to draw China's poems: How to grasp the poet's emotional thoughts from the tone of images?
To read a poem, we should first look at what scene it describes and what color it presents, and deduce our inner feelings from it. Generally speaking, the external images depicted in the works are vivid, bright and high-spirited, while the internal images and emotions are high and optimistic; On the contrary, if the external image is dark, cold and low, its internal image emotion will be low and sad. Sometimes it may be the other way around. Pay special attention.
Second, the case analysis
Question 1: Image category
Q: What images are written in this poem? What are the characteristics of these images?
1. (Hainan Volume, Ningxia, 2009) Read the following Song Ci and complete the question (1)-(2).
Partridge generation v (1)? Xin Qiji
On strangers, soft mulberry branches and oriental silkworm eggs have been born. The fine grass in Pinggang sings yellow calves, and the crow in the cold forest at sunset.
? The mountain is far and near, the road is inclined, and there are people selling wine on the green slate. Peaches and plums in the city are worried about the wind and rain, and shepherd's purse is spent in the stream in spring.
[Note] (1) This word was written when the author was impeached and dismissed from office and returned to China. ② Green flag: wine flag, a cover made of green cloth outside the hotel.
What kind of scene does the word (1) describe? Please describe it briefly.
A:?
2. (National Volume 1, 2009) Read the following Song poems and then answer this question.
Ci Shihu fan rhyme (1)? Jiang kui ②
At the west corner of the bridge, the duckweed is green and marked on the bank pavilion.
Don't open the door if you live in Shihu, where there are many lotus flowers.
[Note] ① Shi Hu; Fan Chengda (1126-1193), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, left his post in his later years and lived in seclusion in Shihu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) and became a Shihu layman.
② Jiang Kui (1155—1221? ): Yao Zhang, born in Poyang, Raozhou (now Boyang, Jiangxi). Wandering in the Jianghu, never being an official. In the summer of the 14th year of Xichun (1 187), I visited Fan Chengda, and this poem was written at this time.
[If! supportLists]( 1)？ [endif] What kind of picture does this poem depict? What scenery is it made of? Please describe it briefly.
A:?
Question 2: Types of artistic conception
Q: What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
Question variant: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
3. (Chongqing Volume 2009) Read the following lyrics and answer the questions. (6 points)
"Preface to the Stack of Gui" (1) Ask Qinhuai? Kong Renshang
Ask the old window of Qinhuai, the broken paper is in the wind, the rotten sill is in the tide, and the eyes are broken. Where did Dai Dai play the flute in those days?
It's boring to turn off the lights and boats and stop the noise. Bai Niao is fluttering, green water is surging, some yellow flowers are flying, and no one can see the new red leaves.
[Note] ① Su Kunsheng revisited Qinhuai in this song. Qinhuai River runs through Nanjing, and both sides are beautiful and prosperous places, but what Su Kunsheng sees now is ruins.
? (1) What kind of scenery does "Bai Niao fluttering, green water surging, little yellow flowers flying and no one looking at the new red leaves" describe? What kind of feelings did you express? Please analyze it briefly. (4 points)?
A:?
Third, practice after class.
1.(08 Ningxia and Hainan volumes) Read the following Song poems and complete questions 8-9 (1 1).
Topic Li Shinan ① painting fan Cai Zhao ②
The wild water gurgles down the stream, and the autumn wind blows the forest.
Everyone who holds the urn knows that the village is close and the temple is deep by the dock.
[Note] ① Li Shinan: a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, who is good at painting landscapes.
2 Cai Wei (? -1 1 19): The word Apocalypse was born in Danyang (now Jiangsu). He used to be a member of the official department, such as Foreign Minister and China calligrapher.
③ Urn: This refers to the water urn.
(4) Wharf: The place with high terrain around and sunken center refers to the wharf here.
(1) What picture does this poem depict? What kind of atmosphere has been created?
A:?
2. Read the following poem and complete the following questions.
West building? Ceng Gong
The waves turned over the clouds and returned, and the north wind blew several thunder.
Thin foil (1) around Zhu Lou, lying watching the shower in Qian Shan.
【 Note 】 Hook the tin foil ① and hang the curtain.
(1) Q: What scenery does this poem describe? What kind of feelings did the poet express?
A:?
3. Read the following poem and complete the following questions.
Du fu's quatrains
Jiangshan bathed in spring, how beautiful, flowers send flowers.
Swallows are busy nesting in wet mud and sleeping in pairs on the warm beach.
(1) Q: Please analyze the picture beauty of this poem.
A:?
Read the following poem and then answer this question.
Chuzhou in Xixi? wei yingwu
Alone, grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing on the trees.
The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing.
(1) Q: This famous landscape has always been praised by people. What scenes does this poem depict? What kind of artistic conception have these scenes created? Express the author's feelings.
A:?
Appreciation of Ancient Poetry —— Appreciating the Landscape Images in Poetry? answer
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I. Case study
1. Fu Daidai? Xin Qiji
The quotation of the answer words describes the scene of spring in the countryside in early spring. Mulberries germinate in the field, and young silkworms have hatched in the eggs in the east; Young grass grows on the gentle hillside, and yellow calves are chirping there; In the early spring evening, the sunset shines obliquely on the forest, and the crows who return late are scattered there. (5 points)
Late at night in western Western jackdaw, there was a sad scene. Only the willows in the pond send out green buds, showing a gentle trend. If it weren't for the sadness of parting and the torture of not hating, I wouldn't believe that there really would be things with hoary heads in this world.
2. What is the rhyme of the second Shihu book? Jiangkui
The reference answer (1) depicts an elegant secluded scenery surrounded by mountains and rivers, shaded by village pavilions, green duckweed and fragrant lotus flowers. They wrote about leaping bridges, winding water, faint pavilions, floating duckweeds and fragrant lotus flowers. Render the elegant scenery of Shihu Lake from the perspective of vision and smell.
At the western end of the bridge, there is a winding river leading to the village. There are green traces on the bank where the lake meets the stream, which are duckweeds floating from the calm pond in the village. The host family lives in Shihu, and outsiders seldom come. It turned out that there was a hole in the depths of the lotus, where the owner opened his own portal.
3. Ask Qinhuai laurel? Kong Renshang
Bai Niao, green water, tender yellow flowers and new red leaves depict the early autumn scenery. It also expresses the coldness and loneliness brought by the ups and downs in the past through "fluttering", "surging clouds", "several butterflies flying around" and "no one is watching".
Problem solving guide: "laurel order?" "Ask Qinhuai" comes from Kong's "Remembering Jiangnan" and was selected as the drama unit in the fourth volume of high school Chinese. The seven songs selected in the textbook are based on the composer Fu's trip to Nanjing. From far to near, from the suburbs to Xiaoling Mausoleum, from the Forbidden City to Qinhuai, from Banqiao to the old courtyard, it describes the bleak scene of Nanjing after the demise of Nanming, showing the unrecognizable changes in Nanjing. In the description of the scenery, there is infinite grief for missing the old country, and I feel comfortable in the scenery without expressing my feelings. The test material is selected from the fourth "Guiguiling", which describes what Su Kunsheng saw and felt when he revisited Qinhuai, highlights the desolate and dilapidated scene of Nanjing, and expresses his feelings about the prosperity and decline of the past.
There used to be painted ship windows on both sides of Qinhuai River. On the window, scraps of paper rustled in the wind, and outside the rotting door, the tide beat against the empty city. This wind and tide set off people's silence, which is a kind of repression. In the past, there were many tourists here, beautiful women gathered and sang and danced all night. In the river, colorful paintings form a scene, and on the shore, wine flags stand to celebrate the ninth anniversary. Now, the singers are scattered, the silk and bamboo are not heard, and the Qinhuai River does not have the charm of the year. Even if it happens to be a holiday, it is "the sun is not noisy" and "the ninth day is boring". Birds fly freely in the white clouds, Qinhuai River is full of green water, red leaves on both sides are like fire, yellow flowers are in full bloom and butterflies are flying. There are several butterflies flying on the newly blooming yellow flowers, and the newly fallen red leaves are so beautiful that no one comes to enjoy them.
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Third, practice after class.
1. Questioning Li Shinan? Cai Zhao, a painting fan
The picture of the reference answer is probably: there is a stream flowing between two mountains, leaves falling in the Woods, a man holding an urn on the road (or by the stream), and a temple looming in the valley. This painting shows the quiet and peaceful atmosphere in the countryside.
There should be six kinds of scenery in the picture: streams, mountains (mountain piers), Woods (fallen leaves), people, urns and temples. Give three points. Answer what kind of atmosphere the picture presents and give 2 points.
On the outskirts, a stream slowly flows into a mountain stream, making a gurgling sound; The autumn wind is bleak, gently shaking the trees and falling leaves. There is a man carrying an urn to draw water, so I know the village is close to the stream; The Buddhist temple was built in the deep mountains, and the bells faintly floated across the mountain dock.
2. West Building? Ceng Gong
This poem describes the magnificent scene before the storm at the seaside. The waves in the sky came with thunder, and in the roar of the north wind, the waves kept beating against the bank and roared away. The description of this magnificent scene renders the majestic momentum of "rain is coming". This shows the poet's broad mind and inner pride.
The first two sentences are about the wind and waves at sea, and the first sentence is about the waves, using the simile of "like a cloud"; Write the wind in two sentences, and vividly describe the wind and waves at sea with the metaphor of "several thunders". The curtain hanging action in the third sentence is quite unexpected, but it is precisely the poet's true feelings, and the last sentence is the poet's grace and pride.
translate
3. Du Fu's quatrains
This poem is about mountains and rivers, flowers and plants, swallows and mandarin ducks. Four kinds of scenery make up a painting, which shows the vigorous spring. Four kinds of scenery are combined side by side to form a pair of up and down duplex. The first part is to write a vision, and the second part is to write a close-up; The scenery in the upper part is broader and more general, while the scenery in the lower part is more special and concrete; The first part is the scenery, and the second part is the scenery. Far and near coexist, and the combination of generalization and concreteness constitutes a complete picture of spring scenery. Rich colors, harmonious combination of pictures, and appropriate dynamic and static descriptions render a strong sense of spring, which is pleasing to the eye.
Jiangshan is bathed in spring, how beautiful it is. Spring breeze brings the fragrance of flowers and plants.
Swallows are busy building nests with wet mud in their mouths, and couples of mandarin ducks are sleeping on the warm beach.
4. In Chuzhou, Xixi? wei yingwu
The reference answer mainly describes the scenes of grassland, Xixi, oriole, deep trees, spring tide, rain, wild crossing and boat crossing itself. Through these scenes, the poet created a lonely and leisurely artistic conception, expressing the author's calm mentality and sad feelings.
Like the quiet grass by the stream; Deep in the dense jungle on the shore, the sound of orioles came from time to time, melodious and melodious. It's spring rain in the evening, and the river flows more rapidly like the tide. Where are the people crossing the river at the twilight wilderness ferry? Only the boat floats alone by the river.
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