Four tragedies of Yuan Zaju: Dou Eyuan by Guan Hanqing, Autumn in the Han Palace by Ma Zhiyuan, Wu Tongyu by Bai Pu and The Orphan of Zhao by Ji.
1, Dou E's injustice: The play shows the tragic situation that the lower class people are trampled and have nowhere to complain, accuses corrupt officials of ignoring the dark reality of human life, vividly depicts Dou E's female image and embodies Guan Hanqing's language style.
2. Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty: Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty (hereinafter referred to as Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty) is a drama created by Ma Zhiyuan, a writer in the Yuan Dynasty. The play tells the story that Emperor Han Yuan sent Mao Yanshou to the people to choose maids, and Mao Yanshou took the opportunity to enrich himself by taking bribes.
Wu Tongyu: Autumn Night Rain in Wu Tong in Tang Dynasty (hereinafter referred to as Rain) is a zaju created by Bai Pu, a writer in Yuan Dynasty. The play tells the story that Tang and Yang Guifei fell in love and lived a life of drunkenness and disregard for state affairs.
Begging for a smart oath in the hall of eternal life, and watching "Dress and Feather Dance" in Chenxiang Temple. 4. The Orphan of Zhao: The Revenge of the Orphan of Zhao (also known as the Orphan of Zhao, abbreviated as Orphan of Zhao) is a zaju created by Yuan Dynasty, with a 50% discount and a wedge.
Four love dramas of Yuan Zaju: Wang Shifu's The West Chamber, Guan Hanqing's The Moon Pavilion, Bai Pu's On the Wall and Zheng Guangzu's Away from the Soul. 5. The Romance of the West Chamber: Cui Yingying and the Moon (also known as The West Chamber or Wang Xixiang and North Xixiang) is a zaju created by Wang Shifu in Yuan Dynasty, which was written in the years of Yuan Zhen and Dade (1295~ 1307).
6. Moon-worshipping Pavilion: Moon-worshipping Pavilion, also known as in my heart forever Moon-worshipping Pavilion by Wang Ruilan, is an ancient drama script of China and one of the four major love dramas in Yuan Dynasty. Written by Guan Hanqing in Yuan Dynasty.
* * * Wedges are 40% off. Only the lyrics and some guest lyrics are left, mainly about the love and marriage story of Wang Ruilan, a good family, and Jiang Shilong, a scholar.
7. Climbing the Wall Immediately: Pei Shaojun's Climbing the Wall Immediately (abbreviated as Climbing the Wall Immediately) is a zaju created by Bai Pu in Yuan Dynasty. The play tells the story of Li's daughter and Pei's teenager meeting in the garden, falling in love and exchanging love poems.
The man asked, "Who is smiling at the wall?" The woman replied, "Don't be negative about the backyard tonight. 8. "Ghost Story": Ghost Story is an idiom used to describe a girl who died for love.
Qian Niang in Tang Chen You Xuan's legendary novel Away from the Soul directly pointed the finger at the patriarchal clan system in feudal society. Based on this, Zheng Guangzu adapted the novel A Lost Woman Far from the Soul in Yuan Dynasty, and described the mental pain of women under the bondage of ethics from two aspects with beautiful writing.
The story of The Orphan of Zhao is based on Zuo Zhuan, Shi, Liu Xiangxin's Preface, Interpretation and Reconsideration of Shuo Yuan. The author refined, reformed and invented it.
The story goes like this: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Tu'an Gu, the minister of the State of Jin, murdered Zhao Dun, a loyal minister, causing more than 300 people in the Zhao family to be beheaded, and only the grandson who was still in infancy was saved by the righteous. There are sixteen kinds of Ma Zhiyuan's zaju, among which there are seven existing ones: Tears of Sima Qing in Jiangzhou, The Lonely Goose in Autumn in the Han Palace, The Three Drunken Yueyang Tower in Lv Dongbin, The Monument of Thunder at Midnight, Ma Danyang Being a Wind Child Three Times, Opening the Altar to Interpret Dreams, and Sleeping in Chen Tuan on the West Huashan Mountain.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-"Four Tragedies" Baidu Encyclopedia-"Four Love Plays".
Four Tragedies of Yuanqu Opera
The four major tragedies in Yuan Dynasty are: Guan Hanqing's Yuan, Ma Zhiyuan's Han Gongqiu, Bai Pu's Yu Heji's orphan Zhao Yuan. Dou E Yuan is the representative work of Guan Hanqing, a dramatist in Yuan Dynasty, and it is also a model of drama tragedy in Yuan Dynasty. The plot of this drama is based on the folk story of "filial piety in the East China Sea" in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Zhang Donkey failed to betroth her to her mother-in-law, poisoned her soup and killed her father by mistake. On the contrary, Zhang Maolv falsely accused his father of poisoning him, and finally the wrong case will be beheaded, and he also made an oath of "blood stained white silk, heavy snow for three years" before he died.
Dou was the first senior official in the last examination hall. When he returned to Chuzhou and heard about it, he finally atoned for Dou E.. About the author: Guan Hanqing, whose real name is Zhai Zuo, was born in Beijing in the late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. He is a representative writer of Yuan Zaju, and is called "Four Masters of Yuan Zaju" together with Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan, ranking first among the "Four Masters of Yuan Zaju", which has had a great influence on the development of Yuan Zaju and later operas.
Guan Hanqing's works mainly include Dou Eyuan, Saving the Wind and Dust, Wangjiang Pavilion and Single Knife Meeting. Among them, Yuan is known as one of the top ten classical tragedies in China and one of the four tragedies of Yuan Zaju, and is also known as the "head of the school of true colors".
Autumn in Han Palace: Autumn in Han Palace is a historical drama by Ma Yuan Zhiyuan. The full name is "The Lonely Goose with Broken Dreams in Autumn in Han Palace".
It is written that Emperor Yuan of the Western Han Dynasty was threatened by Xiongnu and was forced to send his beloved Princess Wang Zhaojun to the fortress for a kiss. 60% off the whole play, a wedge.
One of the four great tragedies in Yuan Dynasty, the protagonist of Autumn in Han Palace is Emperor Han Yuan. The work analyzes this incident through his condemnation and self-sighing to the Minister of Civil and Military Affairs.
As the head of a country, he couldn't even protect his own concubine, which led to the tragedy of Where Are You Going? About the author: Ma Zhiyuan (about 1250—— about 132 1 to 1324) was called "Ma Shenxian" by later generations, Han nationality, and was a famous soldier in Yuan Dynasty.
His time was later than that of Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. His birth year was about 1250, and his death year was about 132 1 year from the reform of Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Taiding. He, Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu are also called "four outstanding figures of Yuan Opera". Ma Zhiyuan was a famous playwright in Yuan Dynasty, mostly from Beijing.
Qiu Si is known as the ancestor of Qiu Si (selected as one of the four ancient poems in the fourth Chinese lesson of the seventh grade People's Education Press) (one of the three poems in the Chinese book of the eighth grade Lower Soviet Education Press) (the sixteenth Chinese book of the eighth grade Lower Soviet Education Press). There are 0/5 kinds of zaju/kloc, among which Autumn in Han Palace is his masterpiece. Sanqu/kloc-more than 0/20 songs, including Dongli Yuefu series.
When I was young, my career was bumpy, and I was a scholar in middle age. He was an official in Zhejiang, and later served as the director of the Ministry of Industry in Dadu (now Beijing). In his later years, Ma Zhiyuan was dissatisfied with the current situation, lived in seclusion in the countryside, entertained himself with a cup, and was buried in his ancestral home after his death.
Wu Tongyu: Wu Tongyu, whose full name is Wu Tongyu on an Autumn Night in Tang Huang Ming, is one of the top ten classical tragedies in China. Bai Pu's masterpiece of zaju.
It is based on the poem "After the autumn rain, the fallen leaves return to their roots" written by Chen Hong and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. The play tells the story of Li Longji and Yang Guifei.
The plot is: Bi Jiang, the envoy of Youzhou, fell and sent An Lushan to Beijing. Emperor Tang Ming spoiled him, and An Sui had an affair with Yang Guifei.
Because of disagreement with Yang, he was appointed as his special envoy. An Lushan rebelled and fled from Chang 'an to Shu.
At Mayi, the army stopped, and the soldiers protested to punish Yang's younger brother and sister. Ming Chengzu was helpless and ordered the imperial concubine to hang herself in the Buddhist temple.
After Li Longji returned to Chang 'an, he hung a noble princess in the Nishinomiya, facing each other day and night. One night, I met in my dream, awakened by the rain of the phoenix tree, and recalled the past, which only increased my melancholy.
The whole play is orderly and poetic. About the author: Bai Pu (1226- about 1306), formerly known as Heng, whose name was Renfu, was later renamed Park, Yuan and Zi.
Han nationality, whose ancestral home is qi zhou (now Hequ, Shanxi Province), and some data show that it may be Quwo County, Shanxi Province, built Baiputa for him. Later, he moved to Calm (now Zhengding County, Hebei Province) and lived in Jinling (now Nanjing) in his later years.
He was a well-known zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty, and he was also known as the four masters of Yuan Dynasty with Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu (the other was Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Wang Shifu and Bai Pu). His representative works mainly include Autumn Night Rain by Tang, Coming to the Great Wall by Pei, and Moonlit Night on the East Wall by Dong Xiuying.
Zhao Orphan: The full name of Zhao Orphan is Zhao Revenge Orphan, also known as Zhao Revenge Orphan. Orphan of Zhao, a Yuan zaju, is a historical drama, and related historical events were first recorded in Zuo Zhuan, with a slight plot. It was not until Sima Qian's Historical Records Zhao Shijia that Liu Xiang's New Preface and Shuo Yuan were recorded in detail.
The plot of the play tells the story of Zhao, a nobleman in the Jin Dynasty, who was framed by a traitor and died. Zhao's orphan survived and avenged his family when he grew up. About the author: Ji, also known as Ji Tianxiang, was a zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty.
Yuan Dadu (Beijing), whose date of birth and death is unknown, belongs to an earlier generation of writers. At the same time as Li Shouqing's "Five Yuan Chuixiao" and Tingyu Zheng's "Watching the Money Slave", there are six kinds of zaju in the original works, only two of which are left: Revenge of Zhao Orphan and Revenge of Zhao Orphan. Another drama, Chen Wu and Song, is 1, and only the lyrics are 1, which was written by the Yuan Dynasty zaju writer.
One is Ji Tianxiang. The year of birth and death is unknown.
Most people (now in Beijing) are at the same time as Li Shouqing and Tingyu Zheng. There are six kinds of zaju, one is Zhao's orphan, and the other is Chen's enlightenment legacy and dreams.
There are 30 kinds of zaju published in Yuan Dynasty, selected Yuan songs edited and published in Ming Dynasty and famous dramas in ancient and modern times. The 40% discount of the yuan version only contains lyrics, and there is no theme; The Ming version is complete, but some lyrics are different from the original version, with 10% more.
The Orphan of Zhao was written in the Spring and Autumn Period. The Qing Dynasty was framed and more than 300 people were killed. Only one baby less than half a year old was rescued by this public figure, and he is Zhao's orphan. In order to save orphans, Princess Jin, Han Jue, Gong Sun and others gave their lives.
Finally, Cheng Ying replaced him with his own son.
Four Tragedies of Yuanqu Opera
The four major tragedies in Yuan Dynasty are: Guan Hanqing's Yuan, Ma Zhiyuan's Han Gongqiu, Bai Pu's Yu Heji's orphan Zhao Yuan. Dou E Yuan is the representative work of Guan Hanqing, a dramatist in Yuan Dynasty, and it is also a model of drama tragedy in Yuan Dynasty. The plot of this drama is based on the folk story of "filial piety in the East China Sea" in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Zhang Donkey failed to betroth her to her mother-in-law, poisoned her soup and killed her father by mistake. On the contrary, Zhang Maolv falsely accused his father of poisoning him, and finally the wrong case will be beheaded, and he also made an oath of "blood stained white silk, heavy snow for three years" before he died.
Dou was the first senior official in the last examination hall. When he returned to Chuzhou and heard about it, he finally atoned for Dou E.. About the author: Guan Hanqing, whose real name is Zhai Zuo, was born in Beijing in the late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. He is a representative writer of Yuan Zaju, and is called "Four Masters of Yuan Zaju" together with Zheng Guangzu, Bai Pu and Ma Zhiyuan, ranking first among the "Four Masters of Yuan Zaju", which has had a great influence on the development of Yuan Zaju and later operas.
Guan Hanqing's works mainly include Dou Eyuan, Saving the Wind and Dust, Wangjiang Pavilion and Single Knife Meeting. Among them, Yuan is known as one of the top ten classical tragedies in China and one of the four tragedies of Yuan Zaju, and is also known as the "head of the school of true colors".
Autumn in Han Palace: Autumn in Han Palace is a historical drama by Ma Yuan Zhiyuan. The full name is "The Lonely Goose with Broken Dreams in Autumn in Han Palace".
It is written that Emperor Yuan of the Western Han Dynasty was threatened by Xiongnu and was forced to send his beloved Princess Wang Zhaojun to the fortress for a kiss. 60% off the whole play, a wedge.
One of the four great tragedies in Yuan Dynasty, the protagonist of Autumn in Han Palace is Emperor Han Yuan. The work analyzes this incident through his condemnation and self-sighing to the Minister of Civil and Military Affairs.
As the head of a country, he couldn't even protect his own concubine, which led to the tragedy of Where Are You Going? About the author: Ma Zhiyuan (about 1250—— about 132 1 to 1324) was called "Ma Shenxian" by later generations, Han nationality, and was a famous soldier in Yuan Dynasty.
His time was later than that of Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others. His birth year was about 1250, and his death year was about 132 1 year from the reform of Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Taiding. He, Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu are also called "four outstanding figures of Yuan Opera". Ma Zhiyuan was a famous playwright in Yuan Dynasty, mostly from Beijing.
Qiu Si is known as the ancestor of Qiu Si (selected as one of the four ancient poems in the fourth Chinese lesson of the seventh grade People's Education Press) (one of the three poems in the Chinese book of the eighth grade Lower Soviet Education Press) (the sixteenth Chinese book of the eighth grade Lower Soviet Education Press). There are 0/5 kinds of zaju/kloc, among which Autumn in Han Palace is his masterpiece. Sanqu/kloc-more than 0/20 songs, including Dongli Yuefu series.
When I was young, my career was bumpy, and I was a scholar in middle age. He was an official in Zhejiang, and later served as the director of the Ministry of Industry in Dadu (now Beijing). In his later years, Ma Zhiyuan was dissatisfied with the current situation, lived in seclusion in the countryside, entertained himself with a cup, and was buried in his ancestral home after his death.
Wu Tongyu: Wu Tongyu, whose full name is Wu Tongyu on an Autumn Night in Tang Huang Ming, is one of the top ten classical tragedies in China. Bai Pu's masterpiece of zaju.
It is based on the poem "After the autumn rain, the fallen leaves return to their roots" written by Chen Hong and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. The play tells the story of Li Longji and Yang Guifei.
The plot is: Bi Jiang, the envoy of Youzhou, fell and sent An Lushan to Beijing. Emperor Tang Ming spoiled him, and An Sui had an affair with Yang Guifei.
Because of disagreement with Yang, he was appointed as his special envoy. An Lushan rebelled and fled from Chang 'an to Shu.
At Mayi, the army stopped, and the soldiers protested to punish Yang's younger brother and sister. Ming Chengzu was helpless and ordered the imperial concubine to hang herself in the Buddhist temple.
After Li Longji returned to Chang 'an, he hung a noble princess in the Nishinomiya, facing each other day and night. One night, I met in my dream, awakened by the rain of the phoenix tree, and recalled the past, which only increased my melancholy.
The whole play is orderly and poetic. About the author: Bai Pu (1226- about 1306), formerly known as Heng, whose name was Renfu, was later renamed Park, Yuan and Zi.
Han nationality, whose ancestral home is qi zhou (now Hequ, Shanxi Province), and some data show that it may be Quwo County, Shanxi Province, built Baiputa for him. Later, he moved to Calm (now Zhengding County, Hebei Province) and lived in Jinling (now Nanjing) in his later years.
He was a well-known zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty, and he was also known as the four masters of Yuan Dynasty with Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu (the other was Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Wang Shifu and Bai Pu). His representative works mainly include Autumn Night Rain by Tang, Coming to the Great Wall by Pei, and Moonlit Night on the East Wall by Dong Xiuying.
Zhao Orphan: The full name of Zhao Orphan is Zhao Revenge Orphan, also known as Zhao Revenge Orphan. Orphan of Zhao, a Yuan zaju, is a historical drama, and related historical events were first recorded in Zuo Zhuan, with a slight plot. It was not until Sima Qian's Historical Records Zhao Shijia that Liu Xiang's New Preface and Shuo Yuan were recorded in detail.
The plot of the play tells the story of Zhao, a nobleman in the Jin Dynasty, who was framed by a traitor and died. Zhao's orphan survived and avenged his family when he grew up. About the author: Ji, also known as Ji Tianxiang, was a zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty.
Yuan Dadu (Beijing), whose date of birth and death is unknown, belongs to an earlier generation of writers. At the same time as Li Shouqing's "Five Yuan Chuixiao" and Tingyu Zheng's "Watching the Money Slave", there are six kinds of zaju in the original works, only two of which are left: Revenge of Zhao Orphan and Revenge of Zhao Orphan. Another drama, Chen Wu and Song, is 1, and only the lyrics are 1, which was written by the Yuan Dynasty zaju writer.
One is Ji Tianxiang. The year of birth and death is unknown.
Most people (now in Beijing) are at the same time as Li Shouqing and Tingyu Zheng. There are six kinds of zaju, one is Zhao's orphan, and the other is Chen's enlightenment legacy and dreams.
There are 30 kinds of zaju published in Yuan Dynasty, selected Yuan songs edited and published in Ming Dynasty and famous dramas in ancient and modern times. The 40% discount of the yuan version only contains lyrics, and there is no theme; The Ming version is complete, but some lyrics are different from the original version, with 10% more.
The Orphan of Zhao was written in the Spring and Autumn Period. Shangqing in the State of Jin was framed and more than 300 people were killed. Only one baby less than half a year old was rescued by this public figure, and he is Zhao's orphan. In order to save orphans, Princess Jin, Han Jue, Gong Sun and others gave their lives.
Finally, Cheng Ying succeeded with his own son.
What are the four tragedies of Yuan Zaju?
Brief introduction of Wu Tongyu;
An Lushan once failed to complete his military orders. Zhang Shougui, the envoy of Youzhou, wanted to behead him, spared his bravery and took him to the capital to plead guilty. Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling asked Ming Chengzu to kill An Lushan, but Ming Chengzu refused to obey and summoned officials instead. At this time, the imperial concubine was in favor and was ordered by Ming Chengzu to accept An Lushan as his adopted son. Later, due to disagreement with Yang, An Lushan went to Beijing to take office. On July 7th, the imperial concubine and Ming Chengzu gave a banquet in the Palace of Eternal Life. Ming Chengzu presented the golden hairpin box to the imperial concubine. When the wine was hot, the two were deeply moved by the loyalty of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and they swore to the stars and became husband and wife from then on.
The good times didn't last long. In the fourteenth year of Tianbao, the imperial concubine was tasting her favorite litchi. When the news of the Anshi Rebellion came, Ming Chengzu and the imperial concubine rushed into Shu. When they were stationed at Mayi post, there was a riot in the army. Chen Yuanli, the general of Longwu, asked Ming Chengzu to punish Yang, who brought disaster to the country and people, and Ming Chengzu did as he said. But the army still refused to move forward, so Chen Yuanli invited Yang Guifei, who charmed the king, to punish him. Ming Chengzu was helpless, so Gao Lishi took Yang Guifei to the Buddhist temple and asked her to commit suicide. This appeased the army and protected Ming Chengzu from fleeing.
After Su Zong recovered Kyoto, Emperor Tai Shang (Ming Taizu) lived in Nishinomiya, hung with a statue of the imperial concubine, facing it day and night, never forgetting it. One night, Ming Taizu visited the imperial concubine in her dream, but was awakened by the rain of phoenix trees. He recalled his past relationship with the imperial concubine and was extremely disappointed.
Introduction to orphan Zhao;
In Jin Linggong, Tu'an Gu, a military attache, was at odds with Zhao Dun, a civil servant, and framed Zhao Dun, accusing Zhao Dun of being a traitor in front of Gong Ling. As a result, the whole family was hacked to death, and only his son Zhao and Princess survived. Later, Tu'an Gu ordered Zhao Shuo to commit suicide from Gong Ling. The princess was imprisoned in the mansion, gave birth to a son, entrusted to Cheng Ying, a guest of the Zhao family, and hanged herself. Putting the baby in the medicine box, Han Jue, who was in charge of guarding, sympathized with Zhao's family and committed suicide after letting Zhao's orphans go. Cheng Ying took the baby to Gongsun Chujiu, an old friend of Zhao Dun.
At this time, Tu'an Gu was eager to kill the grass. In order to find the orphans, he gave a false order to kill all the babies under half a year and over a month. Cheng Ying negotiated with Sun to save the Zhao family's lifeline with his own son. Later, Cheng Ying reported to Tu'an Gu that Gongsun Chujiu had hidden the orphan of Zhao. Tu'an Gu, sent someone to find the baby, three swords hacked to death. When Cheng Ying saw the tragic death of his parents and children, he said nothing reluctantly. Gongsun Chujiu cursed Tu'an Gu, touched the steps and died. Being insane, he invited his son (actually an orphan of Zhao) as his adopted son and taught him martial arts.
Twenty years later, Zhao's orphan grew up, but she never knew her life story. When he saw the time was ripe, he was ready to tell him the details, so he drew a scroll and detailed Zhao's family hatred to him. Zhao's orphan was filled with indignation and determined to avenge himself. At this time, Aigong was in office. Because the military power was too great, they wanted to get rid of him, so they ordered Zhao orphans to secretly catch him, torture him, put him to death, and the whole family copied him. Zhao's family took revenge, Zhao's orphan was named, and all the people who saved Zhao were resurrected.
A Brief Introduction to Autumn Colors in Han Palace
Han and Yuan emperors were withdrawn and suspicious, and appointed eunuch Shi Xian as the secretariat. Shi Xian is in cahoots with sycophantic villains such as Lu Wu Chongzong and court painter Mao Yanshou. In order to prevent the emperor from getting close to Confucian officials, they suggested recruiting beautiful women into the palace nationwide. Wang Qiang, a beautiful woman in Zigui, was born beautiful and was elected to the palace. Mao Yanshou * * * smoked heart, want to possess, was rejected by Wang Qiang. Mao Yanshou bears a grudge and deliberately paints Wang Qiang's graphics very ugly. Therefore, Wang Qiang entered the palace for three years and never saw the king. When Emperor Wang Qiang of the Han and Yuan Dynasties met me, I was shocked by nature and fell in love. This just know, Mao Yanshou bribery failed to make Wang Qiang figure ugly. In a rage, Yuan Di raided Mao Fu on the monkey. With the help of his comrades-in-arms, Mao Yanshou escaped from Chang 'an and defected to Xiongnu. Then, Mao Yanshou provoked Uhaanyehe, invaded on a large scale, and made Wang Qiang a Xiongnu, which was what the Han Dynasty wanted. The Xiongnu army approached Chang 'an, and the court was terrified. No one dares to take the initiative to volunteer. But on the grounds that women were defeated by the country, they all spoke with one voice and put all the responsibility on Wang Qiang. Wang Qiang is unwilling to leave her motherland for the sake of the national plan. When she came to Heihe River at the junction of Hu and Han with Xiongnu, she threw herself into the river and remained faithful.
Brief introduction of yuan
Dou, a scholar from New Zealand, was unable to repay Cai Po's usury and took her seven-year-old daughter as a child bride to pay her debts. When Dou E grew up, she married Cai Po's son. After two years of marriage, Cai Po died of illness. Later, Cai Po asked Dr. Sailu for debts. Dr. Sailu tricked her into killing people in the suburbs and was caught by the rogue Zhang Lver and his son. After Dr. Sailu left in shock, Zhang Lver and his son forced Cai Po and Dou E to adopt his son, but Dou E resolutely resisted. When Cai Po was ill, Zhang Lver gave the poison to Zhang Lver's father and poisoned him. Zhang Lver sued the government in the name of "poisoning his father-in-law", and Geng Tao, a corrupt official, persecuted and beheaded Dou E. Later, Dou was admitted to Jinshi, and went to visit the government and visited the officials. Dou E's ghost complained to her father, and Dou found out the truth and took revenge.
Four Tragedies of China Yuan Zaju?
Four tragedies of Yuan Zaju;
First, "Dou Eyuan"
The full name of Dou Eyuan is Dou Eyuan, a zaju work of Yuan Dynasty, written by Guan Hanqing. This story originated from the biography of Han Shu in Dingguo. The content tells that Dou, a native of Chang 'an, went to Beijing to take the exam and married Ruiyun as a child bride. She was renamed Dou E by her mother-in-law, and her husband was a widow. Rogue Zhang Lver and his son tried to occupy their mother-in-law, killed their father by mistake, and the unconscious official sentenced Dou E to death. On the altar, she practiced with blood spatter, snowed in June and made a wish for three years, which really worked. Three years later, his father visited and finally made compensation. With a strong tragic effect, the works profoundly exposed the darkness of feudal rule and enthusiastically praised the excellent quality of working people. The drama has distinctive characters, compact plot, strong expressive force and artistic appeal, and is an excellent work combining realism and romanticism in Yuan Zaju.
Second, "Autumn Colors in Han Palace"
Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty is the full name of Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty, a zaju work of Yuan Dynasty, written by Ma Zhiyuan. When writing Emperor Han Yuan, the treacherous court official Mao Yanshou defected to the enemy and offered beautiful pictures, and the Huns sent troops to ask for the imperial concubine Wang Zhaojun. Civil and military officials were frightened, and Zhao Jun came forward to kiss them. Before he left, Zhao Jun "left the clothes of the Han family" at Baqiao. At the junction of Fanhan, because he didn't want to enter Fanzu's territory, he raised his wine and poured a cup to the south, then jumped into the Heishui River and died. After Zhaojun's death, Yuan Di lived in the Han Palace, missing her dreams, and woke up to listen to the lonely geese whining, causing infinite anxiety. The script takes Zhao Jun's feelings for the big fellow as the main line, condemning the incompetence of civil and military officials. The writing of the work is meticulous, full of psychological description and has a strong lyrical meaning, but the writing does not conform to the historical facts, which damages the authenticity of the work to some extent.
Third, Wu Tongyu
Wu Tongyu, called Wu Tongyu in Tang and Autumn Night, is a zaju work by Bai Pu in Yuan Dynasty. Based on Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow and the legendary Song of Eternal Sorrow in Tang Dynasty, the story describes the love between Emperor Ming of Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei. The whole drama consists of the celebration of the Chinese Valentine's Day in the Palace of Eternal Life, the dance of Xiangge, the hanging of Ma Yipo, and the 40% discount on crying and drinking the imperial concubine on a rainy night in late autumn. In this traditional love theme, Bai Pu implicitly criticized their extravagant life according to his own feelings of the times, especially writing the legendary dirty things of Yang Guifei and An Lushan into his works, which is irreconcilable with the theme of praising Li and Yang's love. However, Wu Tongyu's superb artistic skills are praised by later generations, especially through the delicate psychological portrayal of characters to shape its mental outlook, which is outstanding. The whole drama deliberately describes the inner world of Tang Minghuang, with homesickness, sadness and acacia intertwined. The sad mood blends with the bleak atmosphere of autumn rain knocking on the phoenix tree, which constitutes a poetic realm. It has a far-reaching influence on the drama creation with the theme of Li and Yang's love in later generations, and the legendary masterpiece "The Palace of Eternal Life" in Qing Dynasty is influenced by it.
Fourth, "orphan Zhao"
Orphan of Zhao is called Revenge of Orphan of Zhao, also called Revenge of Orphan of Zhao, which was written by Ji, a zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty. This story is based on Historical Records of Zhao Family. It tells the story that Tu'an Gu, a military commander in Jin Linggong, was jealous of Zhao Shuo, the son of Zhao Dun, because he was at odds with Zhao Dun, a loyal minister, and killed 300 people in Zhao Dun. Only the orphan was saved by Cheng Ying. Tu'an Gu ordered that all infants aged from one month to half a year should be killed to avoid future troubles. Twenty years later, the orphans grew up and taught historical facts, and finally avenged their past. The work describes the contradiction between loyalty and evil, exposes the brutal nature of power rape, and praises the noble quality of upholding justice and sacrificing oneself for others, which is tragic and touching.