This poem is better than Li Bai's in terms of its own aesthetic feeling and artistic conception. The mighty wind blew Wan Li and crossed Yumen Pass. ? Much better.
Here's a problem. What kind of existence is Yumenguan, and why is it frequently written into poetry by poets? In fact, Yumen Pass is an extremely important pass in history. Located at the westernmost end of Hexi Corridor, it is the only place where the ancient Silk Road passed. Its geographical location is self-evident.
The establishment of Yumenguan can be traced back to the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu forces developed rapidly and formed a force in the western part of the Han Dynasty. At the beginning of his reign, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set his eyes on Xiongnu and the Western Regions.
But it was also in the early days of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty that because of the dispute between Xiongnu and Ren Yue, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions to unite with Ren Yue to deal with Xiongnu. Zhang Qian didn't accomplish the expected task, but after thirteen years' efforts, he got through the north-south passage from the Han Dynasty to the western regions.
This? Hollow out? The mission laid the foundation for the later development of the Silk Road, and created opportunities and conditions for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to deal with the Xiongnu and communicate with other countries in the Western Regions.
Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to fight against Xiongnu, and Wei Qing, Huo Qubing, Zhao Ponu and other generals were all generals who fought against Xiongnu. It is precisely because Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty used these bright prospects to deal with the Xiongnu, which made the Xiongnu retreat one after another, and there were four counties in Hexi.
Jiuquan county, Wuwei county, Zhangye county and Dunhuang county, respectively, built the Great Wall and set up two passes, namely the famous Yumenguan and Yangguan in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Four counties, according to the second biography? .
According to Hanshu? Geography:? There are also Yangguan and Yumenguan, both ruled by a captain. ? All in Dunhuang County. There are also famous sentences about Yangguan, the most famous of which is Wang Wei's? Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their loved ones when they go out to Yang Guan in the west. ?
The traffic between the Central Plains and the Western Regions, Yumenguan and Yangguan are the only places to pass, so it is particularly important. As an important place for stationing troops, a military pass and a place where the Silk Road must pass, soldiers have always guarded it, and its status can be seen.
The reason why Yumenguan is called Yumenguan is also related to the ancient Silk Road. We know that Yumenguan is no longer lonely after the opening of the ancient Silk Road. It tirelessly welcomes caravans and messengers from the East and the West every day. There is never a lack of pleasant camel bells and people's shouts. Everything here is very lively.
Jade articles from the western regions are continuously transported to all parts of the Central Plains through Yumenguan Pass, so this pass has a nice name, Yumenguan Pass, which is a nice name, at least in poetry, and easy to remember.
In fact, we see Yumen Pass separating the East and the West. In Yumenguan, the central plains is dominated by farming civilization, while the outside of Yumenguan is dominated by nomadic civilization. This difference was great at that time. There are two completely different situations.
Therefore, Yumenguan Pass is a very important pass, which has always been valued by the Central Plains, and soldiers have always guarded the border.
Yumenguan itself is located at the westernmost end of Hexi Corridor, and now the living environment is very bad. It is 90km away from Dunhuang, about150km away from Lop Nur, surrounded by Gobi, desert, rivers and lakes. Generally speaking, the vision is still relatively broad.
However, today, it is difficult for us to feel how majestic and distant Yumenguan in Han Dynasty is. Now it is generally believed that Yumenguan has another name, called Xiaofangcheng.
The ruins of Xiaofangcheng have been confirmed, in which the wall is about ten meters high, three meters wide and the wall base is about five meters wide. The whole square Guancheng is rammed with yellow mud, which is very strong, but it can't stand the wind and rain for more than two thousand years, especially in the harsh environment like the West. It is very good to keep some city walls.
It is generally believed that this small Fangcheng site is the Yumenguan site. Of course, this is also questionable. There are no exact historical records and unearthed cultural relics to support this matter. Yumenguan may still be some distance away from Xiaofang Town, but what is certain is that there is a strong connection between Yumenguan and Xiaofang Town.
It is also a pity that the famous Yumenguan, which existed in the Han Dynasty, can't really determine its site now. However, the historical position of Yumenguan will not be reduced, and there is a 99% probability that Xiaofangcheng site is Yumenguan site.
Therefore, Yumenguan site has been included in the World Heritage List and is an extremely important site on the Silk Road.