Tao Yuanming hung up his hat and went into seclusion. He was often unable to solve his livelihood problems. He was a poor recluse and had to live and work with the villagers. His poems are based on direct experience. Life and poetry, poetry and life are all inseparable. It gives people a sense of simplicity and harmony. Only a little information is revealed in "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" (Part 1), but the following poems in the series can reveal this experience in depth. Wang Wei regarded the official salary as the economic pillar of his hermit life. He was a wealthy hermit, poetry, wine, calligraphy and painting in his country villa, enjoying his leisurely life. Therefore, his landscape poems are exquisite and elegant, sparse and pro-Zen, while his pastoral poems are clearly an outsider, Those who watch from the sidelines lack the intimacy and leisureliness of Tao Shi. In the more than a thousand years since Wang Wei's reign, there have been a lot of landscape and pastoral poems. There are many poets like Mojie, but no one like Yuan Ming. The reason has a lot to do with the fact that scholar-bureaucrats or scholars despise labor and stay away from practice. This is also one of the reasons why the two have different feelings when writing pastoral landscape poems.
The artistic conceptions of the two poems are different:
"Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" depicts a fresh, natural, quiet, beautiful and fascinating picture of rural life, making people feel indifferent and peaceful. .
"Mountain Dwelling in Autumn Twilight" depicts an autumn evening scene in a mountain village after rain, embodying the poet's noble feelings and pursuit of ideals in a poetic and picturesque way.
Wang Wei’s pastoral landscape poetry style is obviously different from Tao Yuanming’s pastoral poetry style because of its innovation and development. (1).The relationship between scenery and people. "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" only describes the scenery without involving the characters. From the southern fields, thatched cottages, elms, willows, peaches and plums, distant villages, near smoke, cock crows and dogs barking, everything that the eyes see and the ears hear is pleasant. Although in the poem There is no trace of characters, but everything is full of poetry after Tao Yuanming enlightened it. "Mountain Dwelling in Autumn Twilight" is a combination of both. The scenery seems ordinary, but the poet has it at his fingertips. The harmony and unity of man and nature are all revealed.
"Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields" adopts a metaphorical technique, using "dust nets" and "fan cages" to symbolize the dark officialdom and highlight the poet's emotions of love and hatred. "Guyuan" and "Old Forest" symbolize the beautiful pastoral life. The contrast between clumsiness and vulgarity, the garden and the dusty net, made the poet feel extremely happy after returning to the field. In addition, the sentences "restraining birds" and "pond fish" are also used in Bixing. The whole poem "Mountain Dwelling in Autumn Twilight" adopts the line drawing technique, revealing the poet's true feelings in the objective description of the scenery, which is natural and fresh; full of poetic flavor, the poetic feeling and the painting are highly unified. Su Shi once commented in "Inscribed on the Lantian Misty Rain Picture" Said: "When you taste Mojie's poems, there are paintings within the poems; when you observe Mojie's paintings, there are poems within the paintings."