Beautiful poems about various times in ancient times!
Midnight
Zi Shi
23:00 to 01:00
"Jia Sheng" Li Shangyin
The promulgation office seeks talents and visits ministers,
Jia Sheng's talents are even more unparalleled.
It’s a pity that the front table is empty in the middle of the night,
I don’t ask about the common people or the ghosts and gods.
"Midnight" refers to the time from 11 o'clock the night before to 1 o'clock in the morning of the day (Beijing time, 24-hour clock, the same below). This period is named after the earthly branches and is called Zi Shi.
The beginning of the year is Zhengzheng; the beginning of January is Shuo. China's current lunar calendar is based on November as the positive month and midnight as the starting point of the new moon.
Although there are many different sayings about "the beginning of the new moon" in ancient classics, starting from "Pingdan" or "cockcrow", people always use the time when the new moon comes together at midnight as the starting point. The starting point to calculate the calendar.
Rooster crows
Ugly time
01:00 to 03:00
Ugly time, I miss you, Citrus aurantium, and the orange red light hangs high on the snake bed forward.
——Qing. Zhou Lianxian's "Twelve Thoughts on the King"
In ancient China, a day was divided into twelve hours, and each hour is equivalent to two hours today. Legend has it that the ancient Chinese people named each hour according to the time when the animals in the Chinese zodiac appeared.
The second hour of the twelve o'clock. (1:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m.). At this time, the cattle have finished eating grass and are preparing to plow the fields.
Pingdan
Yinshi
03:00 to 05:00
"Title of Xunyang Tower" by Bai Juyi
Chang I love Tao Pengze, and his literary thoughts are so profound. Also blame Wei Jiangzhou, the poetic mood is also leisurely. If you climb this building today, you will know what is going on. The river is cold and bottomed out, and the mountains are green and leaning against the sky. Late at night, the moon is pouring over Pupu, and the peak of Pingdan is full of smoke. Qinghui and spiritual energy, articles for worship at night and day. I have two talents, who is here? Because of the high level of the sentence, I look down on the country and feel ashamed.
The period of time before the sun rises above the horizon is called "Pingdan", which is what we now call the dawn.
Using the earthly branches to represent this period is Yin hour, which is from 3 to 5 o'clock every morning.
Sunrise
Mao hour
05:00 to 07:00
Li Bai's "Morning Look at the Strait"
Three thousand miles away from the Four Brights, the clouds rise from Chicheng. The red light of sunrise disperses and shines on the snow cliff. Swallowing Qiong liquid after one meal will produce golden sand within five days. Wherever you raise your hand, there is a blue dragon and white tiger chariot.
The word "sunrise" was first found in "The Book of Songs·Hinong Feng·Laoqiu": "The sunrise has rays, and the lambskin is like wetness." "Sunrise" refers to the time when the sun rises above the horizon. Named after the earthly branches, it is Mao Shi. This period refers to 5 to 7 o'clock every morning. At this time, the rising sun rises in the east and shines on the earth, giving people a sense of vitality.
In ancient poetry, there are many examples of people using the time noun "sunrise". For example: "Historical Records: Book of Fengchan" records: "To deliver the sunrise." Another example is the volume of "Gao Shi Zhuan" written by Huangfu Mi of the Jin Dynasty: "In the days of Emperor Yao, the world was at peace, and the people were fine. In the eightieth year of the year, Father Yang attacked The soil is in the road. The observer said: "What a great virtue the emperor has." The father of the soil said: "I work when the sun rises and rest when the sun sets. I dig wells to drink and plow the fields to eat. How can the emperor be so virtuous to me?" ”
Eating time
Chen time
07:00 to 09:00
There is wheat bread for breakfast, and common clothes for getting up in the morning.
——"Three Revised Poems" by Pi Rixiu of Tang Dynasty
Eating time is the time when ancient Chinese people "eat breakfast" (breakfast), that is, from 7 to 9 every day hour. Named after the earthly branches, it is called Chenshi.
The term "eating time" appeared as early as in the "Book of Rites". For example: "Therefore, when a gentleman is in an official position, he does not harvest crops, when he is in the field, he does not fish, when he eats, he does not take care of it, when an official does not sit on a sheep, and when a scholar does not sit on a dog." ("Book of Rites·Fangji") In addition, there is also "Guanzi·Discipleship" Use the sentence "eating time". For example: "As for the time to eat, sir, you will eat." Also, Ren Fang's "The Behavior of King Wenxuan of Qijingling" in "Wenxuan" said: "The acquisition of Huainan is more valuable than the time of food." Liu Liang noted: "The King of Huainan of the Han Dynasty" An Hao Shu, the emperor is envoy "Li Sao Zhuan", received the imperial edict, and brought it in at the time of eating. 11 o'clock
As for Hengyang, it is called Yuzhong.
——"Huainanzi Astronomical Training"