First, from the perspective of the distance between scenery and emotion (in Wang Guowei's words, it is "separation" and "non-separation"), there are five kinds of relationships between scenery and emotion: touching the scenery, borrowing scenery to express feelings, creating scenery based on feelings, containing feelings in the scenery, melting the scenery in the scenery and so on;
Secondly, from the perspective of emotional color, there are four relationships between scenery and emotion: Syaraku's emotion and pleasure, Syaraku's emotion and pleasure, sadness and sadness.
Examples of each type of representative poems are as follows:
First, from the perspective of the distance between scenery and emotion.
1, moved the scene
Meng Haoran's "Spring Dawn": "On this spring morning, I woke up easily, surrounded by birds singing. But now I remember that night, that storm, and I want to know how many flowers were broken. " The poet just heard birds singing in the early morning of spring, and suddenly thought about whether the wind and rain last night blew off the flowers in spring, which naturally revealed the feeling of cherishing spring. It implies the poet's affirmation and praise for seclusion. Under the touch of the scene, emotion constitutes the artistic conception and forms the tension structure with infinite charm.
2. Lyric by scenery (lyrical by scenery)
Bai Juyi bid farewell to the ancient grass: "The vast sea of grass, four seasons come and go, wildfires have not completely burned them, and they have grown taller in the spring breeze." With the tenacious struggle of "grass on the original", we express our irresistible sigh for the laws of nature.
3. Landscape design based on emotion
Su Dongpo said that Wang Wei was "painting in poetry and poetry in painting". "Painting in Poetry" is a landscape created by emotion; "Poetry in painting" is the feeling in the scene. The former should be good at choosing and depicting scenes suitable for expressing their thoughts and feelings, while the latter should express their thoughts and feelings through vivid pictures. Liu Zongyuan's famous poem "Jiang Xue" is a very representative example: "There are no birds in a hundred mountains, and there are no footprints in a thousand paths. A boat, a bamboo cloak, an old man fishing in the cold river-snow ",this poem is like a beautiful landscape painting-a picture of fishing alone in the cold river, which makes the picture of snow flying in the cold river and fishing alone very vivid, making people feel that the snow is all over the ground and the north wind is threatening, but the fisherman is willing to fish alone in a harsh and lonely environment; This is a hint of the author's situation and mood at that time. The author was exiled because he failed to participate in political reform. This photo shows his unyielding ambition in a bad political environment.
Step 4 feel the scenery
In this way, it is an indirect and implicit lyric way to integrate feelings into specific natural scenery or life scenes and express feelings by describing these natural scenery or scenes. For example, Du Fu's "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" "Good rain knows the season, when spring comes. Sneaking into the night with the wind, moistening things silently ",the scenery contains the joy of spring rain. "
5. Scenes blend together
Scenery blending is an indirect and implicit lyric way. It combines feelings in specific natural scenery or life scenes and expresses feelings by describing these natural scenery or scenes. Whether the scene blends is a sign to judge whether the classical poetry has artistic conception; Whether there is artistic conception is also a sign to judge whether classical poetry is excellent or not. Such as Zhang Kejiu's "[double tone] Qingjiang Yin Yin? Qiu Huai: Xifeng came to Wan Li and asked me if I would come back. Wild geese crow in red leaves, people get drunk in yellow flowers, and banana rains in Qiu Meng. The poet firmly grasped the meaning of the topic and painted a bleak autumn scenery with west wind, wild geese, red leaves, yellow flowers, plantains and the sound of rain. And because of the arrival of the "west wind", it is related to the uncertainty of "return date"; Because of The Sound of Banana Rain, I was worried about fame and fortune, tossing and turning. Every sentence is a description of the scenery, and every sentence is the unity of lyricism, emotion and scenery.
Second, look at scenery and emotion from the perspective of emotional color.
1, enjoy the feelings of Syaraku.
Meng Jiao's After Graduation: "In the past, it was not boastful enough, but now it is debauchery. Spring breeze is proud of horseshoe disease, and you can see Chang' an flowers in one day. " The last two sentences of the poem vividly describe the poet's high spirits and express his triumphant pride. The beauty of these two sentences lies in emotion and scenery, which vividly depicts the poet's proud scene of galloping on Chang 'an Road with blooming spring flowers.
2. Write a sad mood with a happy scene.
For example, the metabolism of the Tang Dynasty was rather muddy, and "Xie Ting Farewell" said: "When my brother misinterpreted the boat, the red leaves and green hills rushed. It's still far from waking up at sunset, and it's raining down the west building. " The beautiful and poetic scenery of the first "Red Leaves and Castle Peak" in the League reflects the poet's feelings of leaving sorrow and not hating.
3. Mourn the situation in Syaraku.
The Book of Songs: "I have been there, Liu Yiyi. I think about it today, it's raining. " Yi-Liu Yang, the beautiful spring scenery is intoxicating, but it is a sad time to leave; It's raining hard and freezing, but it's time for my husband to go home. "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Writing elegies with happy scenes and mourning for Syaraku with sad scenes will double the sadness and joy.
4. Write a sad mood with a sad scene.
Liu Zongyuan's "The Leaves of the Banyan Tree in Liuzhou": "The official feelings are melancholy, and spring and half autumn are fast. The mountain city is full of rain, and the banyan trees are full of leaves. " Liu Zongyuan's My Topic is a work that combines things with my feelings. When the poet wrote this poem, as a guest, he was far away in a foreign land with mixed feelings. The poet saw the unusual autumn scenery in February in spring, and his poems "follow things" and "swim with the heart". The world in the eyes is in harmony with the sad and confused feelings in the heart.