"Drinking" in the second volume of the ninth grade Chinese textbook of the Jiangsu Education Press is the fifth song in the "Drinking" series:
The house is in a human environment, without the noise of cars and horses.
When I ask you how you can do it, your mind is far away and you are biased.
Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, you can leisurely see Nanshan Mountain.
The mountain air is getting better day by day, and the birds are flying back and forth.
There is a true meaning in this, but I have forgotten to explain it.
Tao Yuanming (365-427) was a native of Chaisang, Xunyang. Tao's poems use his writing style to dilute the distant past and write about pastoral life and the scenery in the ruins, opening up a new realm for poetry.
There are twenty-two poems in the "Drinking" group, and this is the third one. There is a small preface at the beginning, indicating that they are all works written by Drunken. They were not written in one moment and have no internal connection. They were written in an independent way. This song mainly expresses the taste of seclusion life. After working and getting drunk, under the glow of the sunset and shrouded in the mist of the mountains, picking chrysanthemums on the east fence and looking at the Nanshan Mountain in the distance. The sentiment at this time is so profound and eternal! A major feature of Tao's poetry is its simplicity, in which feelings and emotions are integrated and inseparable. He often uses words such as "forgetting" and "forgetting" to block the exploration and revelation of the laws of emotion and reason. This may be a manifestation of poetry's return to nature.
I stopped eating and threw chopsticks. I drew my sword and looked around at a loss.
If you want to cross the Yellow River, which is blocked by ice, you will have to climb up to Taihang, where it is snowy and dark.
I was fishing and sitting on the stream in my spare time, and suddenly I was riding a boat and dreaming of the sun.
The journey is difficult, the journey is difficult, and there are many divergent paths, but now I am at peace.
There will be times when the wind blows and the waves break, and the cloud sails are hung directly to help the sea.
Notes
① Delicacies: Expensive dishes.
② Fishing and sitting on the stream: Legend has it that before Lu Wei met King Wen of Zhou, he once fished in the stream (southeast of today's Baoji City, Shaanxi Province).
③Riding in a boat and dreaming about the sun: Legend has it that before Yi Yin saw the soup, he dreamed of riding in a boat and dreaming about the sun and the moon. The combination of these two allusions is a metaphor for the impermanence of life, mostly by chance.
Brief analysis
"The journey is difficult" mostly describes the hardships of the world and expresses the meaning of separation. There are three poems from Li Bai's "The Journey Is Difficult", one of which was selected from the collection of Hengtang Retired Scholars. The poem uses "difficulties in traveling" as a metaphor for the dangers of the world, and expresses the poet's uncontrollable anger when encountering difficulties on the political road; but he did not give up his lofty political ideals because of this, and still looked forward to one day displaying his ambitions. His ambition reflects his optimistic and heroic spirit about the future of life, and is full of positive and romantic sentiment. The poem begins with "golden bottles of wine" and "jade plates of delicacies", giving people a happy banquet scene. Then he wrote "stop the cup and throw chopsticks" and "draw the sword and look around", which also shows the reader the impact of the author's emotional waves. The middle four sentences not only sigh about "the river is blocked by ice" and "the mountains are covered with snow", but also feel like they are traveling for thousands of years and see Lu Shang and Yi Yin suddenly being reused. The four short sentences "The journey is difficult" express the dilemma and the mentality of continuing pursuit. The last two sentences are about writing that your ideals will be realized one day. After a high degree of hesitation and a lot of sighs, the whole poem suddenly opens up to a strange world with the words "There will be times when the wind and waves break", and firmly believes that a good prospect will eventually arrive, so it "hangs sails directly on the clouds to sail across the sea" and marches forward bravely. The meaning is full of ups and downs.