Huihong
Shu Wang's Female Poems
Shu Wang's daughter, Wu An's wife, is a gentleman in Penglai County and has many beautiful poems. A poem was sent to the king of Shu, saying, "The west wind does not enter the small window screen, and the autumn wind should pity me and remember my home. I hate my life, and I still look at the yellow flowers with tears in my eyes. " King Shu presented it with a new interpretation of the Shurangama Sutra, and a poem said, "Blue lights reflect a little on the window screen, so that I don't remember my home when I read the Shurangama Sutra." It's like a dream, but there is only one wonderful lotus in the world. "
Boat boy and monk
The boatman monk in Huating said, "thousands of feet hangs straight and goes with the flow. Still water at night, fish don't eat, and the ship returns to the moon without load. " The jungle is full of rumors. I want to see him. Yizhou has a saying since he was a child, that is, "after a wave of unrest, another wave rises." When the bamboo hat is hooked, the golden scales are deep, and the thousands of feet must also hang down. Throwing and swallowing, doubting the letter, taking the bait late. Jiang Jing, Shui Han, is full of mountains and green hills, and the moon is in the sky. "
Dongpo plays poetry.
Dongpo went from Hainan to Qian Shang, where the water dried up and he couldn't sail. He stayed for more than a month and sometimes took a bath in Ciyun Temple. The elders are well-informed, burly and kind as they are painted, but the jungle is guided by Taoism. Dongpo said in the play: "The householder is dust-free and can bathe. The teacher has something to preach. But you can see flies drilling paper in the window, and you can smell the Buddha shining outside the door. It's hard to hide all over the world. It's really embarrassing. However, it must be reiterated that Tong Yuan is the king of France. " Also, when you want to join the jade version of the sword-holding monk, every time you hear the jade version, you will happily follow it. When I arrived at Li Anquan Temple, I burned bamboo shoots and ate them. I thought bamboo shoots were delicious, so I asked, "What's the name of this bamboo shoot?" Dongpo said, "That's the jade plate. This teacher is very good at saying that it is necessary to make people have Zen. " So the musical instrument is my game, for laughter. Dongpo also rejoiced, saying, "The jungle is really a hundred feet, and the inheritance method has horizontal branches. Not afraid of the stone road, come and join the jade carver. Chat with cypress and ask the dragon. The ruins can still say that I don't know this gentleman. "
Ten volumes of Cold Zhai Night Talk, written by Song Hong. Hui Hong is a native of Dehong, also known as Hong Juefan, whose common surname is Peng and Yunzhou (now Gao 'an, Jiangxi). Born in Xining for four years (107 1), he died in the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-11).
After Buddhism was introduced into China in Han Dynasty, it gradually infiltrated into the traditional culture of China. Jin Dynasty, Yuan, Hui Yong, Lei Cizong and so on 18 celebrities formed a community in Lujia, Torinji, which was known as Bai Lianjiao in history. Xie Lingyun, a famous landscape poet at that time, boasted that he was brilliant, but when he saw this distant master, he was impressed again. He planted white lotus to join the League, but Hui Yuan was not allowed to be confused by his spiritual luck. It reflects the karma between Buddhists and Chinese characters. Shortly after the rise of Zen Buddhism, many eminent monks often used concise rhymes (there are a large number of records in ancient books such as Five Lights and Huiyuan), and the sixth ancestor Huineng was able to inherit the lyrics of the fifth ancestor's mantle, "Bodhi is not a tree, mirror is not a stage, there is nothing, where is dust", which is a complete five-character quatrain. There are countless so-called "poetry monks" who are famous for their ability to write poems, and there are many poems that have been passed down to this day. Tang Shi Jiao Ran also wrote Poetic Style, which is devoted to the practice of poetry.
The trend of monks chanting poems also influenced Japan in the East. It is equivalent to the Japanese Ping An Buddhist master in the mid-Tang Dynasty. After studying in China, he organized the theoretical materials of China's poems into "Copying with Writing, Copying with Eyes and Mind" and "On the Chamber of Secrets in the Mirror" as the primary stage to guide the Japanese to learn China culture. Among them, many works have long been lost in China.
In the Song Dynasty, poets and monks appeared in large numbers. In the early Song Dynasty, Hui Chong, jiannan Xizhou, Jinhua Bao Siam, Nanyue Zhao Wen, Tiantai Zhao Hang, Ruzhou Jianchang, Qingcheng Weifeng, Jiangdong Zhao Yu, Emei and other places were inhabited, and the poems of nine monks in the Song Dynasty were handed down from generation to generation. At the same time, the doctrine of Zen also penetrated into the thoughts of literati. Yan Yu's Canglang poems are the representative of Zen metaphorical poems.
Since Ouyang Xiu's Poems on June 1st, the Song Dynasty has created a book close to notes, which is dedicated to commenting on poems, poets and poetic schools and recording the poet's comments and actions. Because this genre is simple and friendly, it is very popular with poets and anecdotes, and there are many imitators. Hui Hong's "Cold Zhai Night Talk" was influenced by the "June 1st Poetry". It is worth pointing out that although there are many poems collected by Buddhist monks today, the practice and content of poems are only discussed in Jiao Ran's Poetic Style and Cold Zhai Night Talk.
Hui Hong lived with Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and others at the same time and had contacts. As stated in the book, although some authors use celebrities to show their self-respect, they resort to deceit (Chao's Reading Records of County Zhai), as pointed out in Four Treasures of the Study's Summary: "However, it is understandable to talk about poetry." Needless to say, it is worth noting that the book reflects the relationship between scholar-officials and Buddhism at that time and is an excerpt from dogma.
Volume 4 "Shu Wang Nvneng Poetry":
Shu Wang's daughter, Wu An's wife, is a gentleman in Penglai County and has many beautiful poems. A poem was sent to the king of Shu, saying, "The west wind does not enter the small window screen, and the autumn wind should pity me and remember my home. I hate my life, and I still look at the yellow flowers with tears in my eyes. " The King of Shu gave him a new interpretation of the Shurangama Sutra, and a poem said, "Blue lights reflect a little on the window screen, so that you can read Shurangama Sutra without remembering your home." It's like a dream, but there is only one wonderful lotus in the world. "
King Shu, namely Wang Anshi. Wang Anshi has two daughters, the first is Wu 'an, and the second is Cai Bian. Wang Anshi's Poem of Harmony is titled "To Wu's Wife" in Wang Ji, so it can be seen that the Poem of Harmony is not fake. The married daughter is homesick, but the poet gave her the Shurangama Sutra, telling her that all life is illusory, and only learning Buddhism is the true meaning, which shows the deep influence of Buddhism on Wang Anshi.
Wang Anshi is very familiar with the Shurangama Sutra, and he uses the idioms in the Buddhist Sutra many times in his poems. For example, the first volume of Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Manlao Poetry: "Gong Jingshi's red pear has no leaves to cover the flower body, and the yellow incense road is dusty. The official only protects the end of the year, and the young woman is still young. "For the story, see Jiang Yuan Ting Ji written by Fan Zongshi, the secretariat of the Tang Dynasty, and the China proverb" (referring to cypress) and Qingshi (referring to bamboo) have the right to be friends "; When Song Yu's "Phoenix House" tells the truth, it says "Chen Xijun crossed before". If the Shurangama Sutra says that "it tastes like chewing wax when it is horizontal", it is a room to use its language. " The same volume Cong Hua quoted Lengzhai Night Talk: "When the wood falls on the hill, the water belongs to the country, and Gu (Huang Tingjian) said:" When you do it yourself, you cross the Communist Party, and Gong Jing doesn't need its ears. "Give Shurangama Sutra." It can be seen that Wang Anshi is really using Shurangama Sutra. If he is not familiar with it, how to use it?
Why does Wang Anshi like Buddhist scriptures so much? Ceng Zi's satirical article "A Night Talk in a Cold Room" (Volume 6) contains his explanation. Ceng Zi is Ceng Gong. He gently advised Wang Anshi not to "run away from the Buddha when he was old", but Wang Anshi said, "Zi Gu made a slip of the tongue. Good scholars talk about their books, but seek truth. If there is a person who suits my heart, then Mu Zhi's words will not be abandoned; The words are unreasonable, and Zhou and Kong dare not follow. " It is true that one has to study, but it is really hard not to be influenced by the books he has learned.
Volume 7 The Ship and the Monk:
The boatman monk in Huating said, "The silk of thousands of feet hangs down, and a wave shakes with it. Shui Han fish don't eat at night, and the boat returns empty. " It is rumored that Yelin (Temple) wants to see him in person. Yizhou grew up with only one sentence: "One wave is not flat, and another wave rises. When the bamboo hat is hooked, the golden scales are deep, and the thousands of feet must also hang down. Throwing and swallowing, doubting the letter, taking the bait late. Jiang Jing, Shui Han, is full of mountains and green hills, and the moon is in the sky. "
Huang Tingjian was responsible for managing Yizhou (now Yishan, Guangxi) in his later years, so he took Yizhou as his agent. Huang Tingjian wrote the word "hatred for love". If you only read between the lines, but write a fisherman fishing alone in the cold river, you can't know his sustenance. Hui Hong pointed out that this word evolved from the poem of monk Chuanzi, and he didn't know it contained the meaning of being open-minded and free from the fetters of foreign demons. This also shows the relationship between Huang Tingjian and Buddhism and Buddhists.
With the volume "Dongpo drama poetry":
Dongpo went from Hainan to Qian Shang, where the water dried up and he couldn't sail. He stayed for more than a month and sometimes took a bath in Ciyun Temple. The elders are well-informed, burly and as kind as they are painted, but the jungle is promised by Taoism. Dongpo said in the play: "The householder is dust-free and can bathe. The teacher has something to preach. But you can see flies drilling paper in the window, and you can smell the Buddha shining outside the door. It's hard to hide all over the world. It's really embarrassing. However, it must be reiterated that Tong Yuan is the king of France. " I also tried to invite Liu Qi to participate in the Jade Edition monk. Every time I was tired of hiking, I heard the Jade Edition and followed it gladly. When I arrived at Li Anquan Temple, I burned bamboo shoots and ate them. I thought bamboo shoots were delicious, so I asked, "What's the name of this bamboo shoot?" Dongpo said, "That's the jade plate. This teacher is very good at saying that it is necessary to make people have Zen. " So the musical instrument is my game, for laughter. Dongpo also rejoiced, saying, "The jungle is really a hundred feet, and the inheritance method has horizontal branches. Not afraid of the stone road, come and join the jade carver. Chat with cypress and ask the dragon. The ruins can still say that I don't know this gentleman. "
Dongpo, Su Shi. His thoughts have always been known as "miscellaneous", and Confucianism, Buddhism and old ideas in his works are mixed together by mistake and often deny each other. In his later years, due to repeated punishments, Buddhist thought gradually occupied a dominant position. The events described in Cold Zhai happened in the spring of Yuan Dynasty (11kloc-0/), that is, the year when Su Shi died. In the first month of this year, Su Shi returned to the Central Plains from Danzhou (now Hainan Island), passed through Shaozhou (now Qujiang, Guangdong Province), crossed Wuling, met Liu Anshi (Qi Zhi) in Nan 'an (now Dadeng, Jiangxi Province), and then went to Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province) in the same boat, and they traveled together in Lushan Mountain. Here, a few words in the original text are briefly annotated. "Qian Shang" refers to Ganzhou (now Ganxian County, Jiangxi Province). "Cien", a master of Cien, was a monk in the Tang Dynasty. "Jungle", temple, here refers to the monks in the temple. "Tao" is moral knowledge. "All over the world" means the three realms, the whole world. "Take part in accidental amusement" is short for taking part in accidental entertainment. "Tong Yuan Ya", the Buddha said in the Shurangama Sutra that "Tong Yuan chose from the roots and flowed into enlightenment". Tong Yuan is a Buddhist language, which means justice and no obstacles.
The first poem is to explain the philosophy of Buddhism by taking a bath. Su Shi has two poems, such as Dream Order, which have the same meaning and can be read from each other and have a deeper understanding:
The scale is never influenced by the other side. Look at both carefully. Send messages to people to wipe their backs and bend their elbows every day. Handle with care, handle with care, the layman is spotless.
Only by self-purification can we purify ourselves. I'm sweating and angry. Send messages to people to take a bath and play physical games. But washing, but washing, is everything in the world.
Mr. Xia pointed out in the Preface to Dongpo Dongfu more than 50 years ago that dreaming is the beginning of Zen in Ci. All these can explain how Buddhism penetrated into Su Shi's works.
The latter one is a metaphor of bamboo shoots. Baizhang jungle, originally to describe the grandeur of the temple, actually refers to the bamboo forest here. Woodcarving masters and dragons refer to bamboo shoots. "Rubble can still be said" means that waste, like rubble, can still be said, in response to the above statement that "this teacher's good words make people Zen." Because of Su Shi's poem, there is a joke that eating bamboo shoots is called "Zen in jade".
In a word, Buddhism was introduced from the East, which had a great influence on China culture, especially literature. Cold Zhai Ye Hua is characterized by pointing out more clues about the direct connection between the two. All cultural exchanges are mutual infiltration and integration. It is an indisputable fact that Buddhism has influenced China's academic culture. As for the role of this influence, whether there are many negative elements or many positive elements is exactly what we need to explore today.