Dynasty: Tang Dynasty | Author: Li Bai
The city by the river is as beautiful as the picture, and the mountains are getting late. I climbed the Xie Tiao Building to overlook the clear sky. (Mountain Night Works: Xiao)
Between the two rivers, one lake is like a bright mirror; The two bridges on the river look like rainbows falling from the sky.
Orange forest pomelo is set off in the cold smoke of kitchen smoke; Autumn is boundless, and the phoenix tree has become old.
Besides me, who will think of the North Tower and welcome the autumn wind, Miss Xie?
Translation and annotation
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The city by the river looks as beautiful as the picture, and the mountains are late. I climbed the Xie Tiao Building and looked at the clear sky. Between the two rivers, a pool of clear water is like a mirror; The two bridges on the river are like rainbows falling from the sky. Orange forest and pomelo forest are hidden in the chilly smoke; Autumn is boundless, and the phoenix tree is aging. Besides me, who else would like to come to Xie Tiao North Building to meet Xiao Sa Qiufeng and Miss Xie?
To annotate ...
(1) Xie Tiao North Building: namely Xie Tiao Building, which was built when Xie Tiao, a poet of the Southern Dynasties, was the magistrate of Xuancheng. Therefore, it is located at the top of Ling yangshan and is a scene of Xuancheng. Xie Tiao is a poet worshipped by Li Bai.
⑵ Jiangcheng: generally refers to the waterside city, here refers to Xuancheng. Jiangnan dialect in Tang dynasty was called "Jiang", regardless of big water and small water.
(3) Ershui: Wanxi and Juxi. There is Phoenix Bridge on Wanxi River and Jichuan Bridge on Juxi River. Spiegel: It refers to the circle formed by the arch bridge bridge opening and its reflection in the water, like a bright mirror.
(4) Shuangqiao: refers to the Phoenix Bridge and Jichuan Bridge built during the reign of Huang Kai in the Sui Dynasty (58 1 ~ 600). Rainbow: refers to the bridge shadow in the water.
5] Inhabited smoke: smoke produced by stoves in people's homes.
[6] North Building: namely Xie Tiao Building.
(7) Xie Gong: Xie Tiao.
Distinguish and appreciate
Xie Tiao North Building was built by Xie Tiao, a poet of Southern Qi Dynasty, when he was the magistrate of Xuancheng, also known as Xiegong Building. It was renamed Zhang Die Building in Tang Dynasty, which is a scene of Xuancheng. Xuancheng is surrounded by mountains and waters, Lingyang mountains are winding and the three peaks are beautiful; Zhuxi and Wanxi streams are reflected all over the suburbs. "Birds come to the mountains, birds come to the mountains, and people cry in the water" (Du Mu titled "Your Excellency, Kaiyuan Temple Shui Ge, Xuanzhou, Wanxijia Xiju").
On a clear autumn evening, the poet boarded the Xiegong Building alone. Blue light reflected in the mountains, the scenery is very clear and clean. The poet looks down from a height, and "Jiangcheng" is like a painting. In the first two sentences, the poet wrote a summary of the scenery he saw during the tour, always with the whole article, which immediately attracted the readers deeply and entered the artistic conception of the poem together. Yan Yu's "Cang Shi Lang Dialect" said: "Taibai sends a sentence, which is called straight to the point." This is the expression.
The middle four sentences are specific descriptions. The artistic images created by these four poems are all born of the word "Wang" above. From the structural relationship, the first two sentences are written as "picturesque river" and the last two sentences are written as "clear night sky"; The four sentences are a complete unity, and they are hierarchical. "Ershui" refers to Juxi and Wanxi. Wanxi source leaves Yishan, joins Zhu Xi in the northeast of Xuancheng, and joins around the city, so it is called "clip". Because it is autumn, the stream is clearer and flows calmly, and the wave surface is glittering and translucent. It is very appropriate to describe it with "mirror" "Double Bridge" refers to the upper and lower bridges across the stream. The upper bridge is called Phoenix Bridge, which is outside Taihe Gate in the southeast of the city. The bridge below is called Jichuan Bridge, which is located outside Yangde East Gate in the east of the city. It was built in the reign of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty (58 1 ~ 600). These two long bridges stand on the stream, reflecting the water, and the poet looks from the tall building. The bright green stream and the bright red sunset glow are illuminated by flashing lights, and the bridge shadows reflect infinitely strange bright colors. This is more like two rainbows in the sky, and the shadow of this rainbow falls into the mirror, which is similar to the poem "Looking at Lushan Waterfall", another masterpiece of the poet, "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days". Both of them also use analogy to shape their images, and also use a word "falling" to connect the underground and the sky; But there are differences in similarities and differences, and all roads lead to the same goal: one is to compare the waterfall to the milky way, and the other is to write the reflection of Shuangqiao in the waves of the sunset with a rainbow; One focuses on depicting its surging momentum, and the other focuses on showing its magnificent and changeable colors, giving readers different aesthetic feelings, while the poet's imagination is rich and wonderful, and his pen is lively and ethereal, and he is equally brilliant.
In the autumn evening, there was silence in Yuan Ye. In the jungle surrounded by mountains, smoke billowed from kitchen chimneys, and dark blue orange pomelo and light yellow phoenix tree appeared, presenting a bleak and cold scenery, which made the poet feel that Qiu Guang should get old. At that time, the poet's mood was completely immersed in the field of vision, and the observation was profound and meticulous; And his description is not sticky at all. Standing high and looking far, he grasped the feeling for a while, outlined the outline of a late autumn with extremely concise image language for a while, and deeply revealed the atmosphere of seasons and environment for a while. He wrote not only about autumn scenery, but also about autumn. In a high generalization, he used a pen and a line.
The last two sentences, seemingly simple, are actually the same as the first two sentences, pointing out that the place to visit is on the "North Building"; This North Building was built by Xie Tiao, which seems to be the usual formula from boarding to nostalgia, so Li Bai can't help but miss the ancient writing by the way. What is worth noting here is the word "who reads". "Huai" in "Huai Xie Gong" refers to Li Bai himself, and "who reads it" refers to others. The meaning of the two sentences is to lament the poet's mood of "breeze thanking the public", which no one can understand. This is no ordinary nostalgia.
The depression and sadness among the guests, especially the poet's lonely mood when the autumn wind blows, can be imagined by readers. Xuancheng is his old haunt, and now he's back. As soon as he arrives in Xuancheng, he will miss Xie Tiao, not only because Xie Tiao left many places of interest in Xuancheng, but also because Xie Tiao has the same feelings as a poet. When Li Bai looked at the cool breeze alone in the upstairs of Xie Tiao, he remembered the previous generation poets he had always admired in the face of the mountains and rivers admired by Xie Tiao. Although ancient and modern times are separated, the spirit is far from each other. This vague emotion reflects his political loneliness. It is precisely because of political repression that I can't find a way out, so I have to send my feelings to the mountains and rivers and to the ancients who are still traveling; His complicated mood at that time was hard for anyone to understand.
Creation background
This poem was written shortly before the An Shi Rebellion broke out, when Xie Tiao Villa in Xuanzhou bid farewell to Minister Shu Yun. Li Bai was pushed out by powerful people in Chang 'an, and his money was refunded and his official was abandoned. He has been frustrated politically and leads a wandering life. In the autumn of 753 A.D. (the 12th year of Tianbao) and 754 A.D. (the 13th year of Tianbao), Li Bai came to Xuancheng twice. This poem is considered to be after the Mid-Autumn Festival in 753 A.D. or 754 A.D.. ..
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