2. Tao Yuanming's poems that don't pursue fame and gain, Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems, there are more than 120, 6 essays, 3 poems, and 2 poems close to the four-character rhythm: reading Nine Chapters of History and Painting Praise the Fan.
Poetry is the most prominent aspect of the poet's achievements. There are more than one hundred poems with rich contents. The poet lives in an extremely dark society, but he insists on lofty ideals and interests. Some of his works show Geng Jie's persistence in his ambition.
The poem "He Zhu Guo Bo" said: "Fang Ju opened Lin Yao and Song Qingyan watched the platoon; With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " The eighth song of "Drinking" said: "Loose in the East Garden, the grass has no posture; First frost is different and can see the high branches. "
The blooming chrysanthemums and the immortal pine trees under the frost are the symbols of the poet's unyielding character: the poet also sang praises to many people who are steadfast and persistent in poverty in seven poems about the poor and in painting hymns on fans. It is precisely because of this character that the poet shows a detached attitude towards the decadent ruling class.
The first song of Ode to the Poor said: "All ethnic groups have their own support, and they come alone; The air is warm, when will I see the afterglow? " This solitary cloud floats in the clear sky, symbolizing the poet's situation and destiny. It is lonely and will disappear silently, but it also shows the attitude of the poet. It wants to stay away from dust and remain free and noble forever. On the other hand, it also shows strong dissatisfaction with the dirty reality.
In "Twenty Drinking Songs", he used intoxicating language, or accused the society of right and wrong being reversed and sharing the same reputation (the sixth song), or exposed the crisis of political trap (the seventeenth song), or despised worldly hypocrisy and fraud (the twelfth and nineteenth songs). In the last song, he said, "How can six people have no relatives! Driving all day and not seeing what you care about? " Although he beautified Confucius, he was more angry and deeply saddened by the decadent style of pursuing fame and profit. Tao Yuanming's interest and personality finally made him completely break away from the upper class of the political class and return to the countryside.
He wrote many pastoral poems. His pastoral poems are full of hatred for dirty society and love for pure countryside.
For example, the first song of "Returning to the Garden": Less should not be vulgar, and naturally love Qiushan. I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years.
Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past. I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields.
There are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine straw houses. Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.
A warm and distant village, the smoke in the Yi market. Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.
The house is clean and miscellaneous, and the virtual room is idle. Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today.
The poet dismissed the upper class of the ruling class as a "dust net", regarded those who devoted themselves to it as "birds in a cage" and "fish in a pond", and said that retiring from the countryside broke out of the "cage" and returned to "nature", which showed his contempt for ugly society. The poet described the pure and beautiful rural scenery in detail, revealing the author's heartfelt love between the lines.
Here, the simple and quiet rural life is in sharp contrast with the hypocrisy, fraud and mutual struggle of the upper class, which has a particularly attractive force. When the poet has not left his official career, there is always a feeling of "being imprisoned for a while", and his mood cannot be calmed down. He "looked at the clouds and was ashamed to swim in the water."
But when he left the dirty reality and returned to the countryside, he felt that he had a home. "Drinking" No.5: Building a house is based on human feelings, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see Nanshan; The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say. The poet avoided the noise of powerful horses and chariots, and gained a free and quiet mind in his leisurely life.
Although the poet's pastoral life is far from the ruling class, it is closer to the lower literati and farmers. Here are like-minded friends who talk about the article and admire: "The neighboring songs come from time to time, and the words have passed; Wonder * * * appreciation, doubt, analysis "; There is a simple peasant saying called Sang Ma: "When the market is revived, the grass is full." There is no miscellaneous words when you meet, and the road in Sang Ma is long "; There is a banquet in the neighborhood: "I am a newly cooked wine, and the local government only invites chickens"; There is also family happiness: "relatives are in the same place, and children and grandchildren still protect each other. "
Therefore, his pastoral poems are rich in real life content, which is one of the reasons why his pastoral poems are moving. What is particularly commendable is that his pastoral poems also reflect the content of working life.
For example, the third song of "Returning to the Garden": beans are planted in Nanshan, and the grass is full of bean seedlings. Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
We can clearly see the image of a laborer coming back from a grassy path in the moonlight. The poem "Nostalgia for Tian She" said: "Even the plains are far away from the wind, and good seedlings are new; Although I have not measured my service years, I am happy with many things. "
There is a feeling of joy in the description of field scenery and farming activities. Because the poet personally participated in agricultural labor and sincerely loved it, labor was fully praised in literary creation for the first time.
Some of his pastoral poems also show thoughts and feelings that only laborers can understand. For example, the second song of "Returning to the Garden" says: "Sang Ma is getting longer, and my territory is getting wider.
Often worried about sudden frost, crops wither like shrubs. "Showed his close attention to the crop harvest.
The poem "Harvest Early Rice in the Western Heaven" says: "Life belongs to the Tao, and food and clothing are solid. Don't camp at all, for safety? In spring, I try to do business, and my working years are considerable.
Be a little diligent in the morning, but still be negative during the day. There are two buildings in the mountains, and the atmosphere is cold first and then hot.
Tian Jia is not bitter, Fu is hard to quit. It not only shows the idea of relying on labor life, but also forms a sharp contrast with the parasitic view of the exploiting class; But also shows a tenacious attitude of not being afraid of difficulties and persisting in cultivation.
These are beyond the ideology of ordinary literati, which makes his pastoral poems shine with progressive ideas. Tao Yuanming also has some pastoral poems describing his rural poverty.
"Shi Pang Master Book Deng Zhizhong" said: "Hungry in summer, sleepless in cold nights; Cocks crow at night and move in the morning. " "Meeting Work" said: "When you are weak, you will be hungry for a long time; How dare you be greedy? " Although these poems only describe his own hunger and cold situation when he suffered natural disasters in his later years, we can also imagine the more tragic life scene of farmers at that time.
Tao Yuanming's thoughts and feelings in rural life are extremely complicated. "Reading Qu Family History" says: "Learning moral education will be timely; If there is a contract, you don't want it! " He also.
Please write two poems 1 that show the poet's indifference to fame and wealth and pursuit of a quiet life.
Returning to the Garden: The Third Wei and Jin Dynasties: Tao Yuanming
I planted beans at the foot of Nanshan, and the weeds in the field were covered with peas. Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night.
The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will.
Explanation:
I plant beans at the foot of Nanshan, where weeds are flourishing and bean seedlings are sparse. Get up early in the morning to weed, and go home in the moonlight at night. The mountain road is narrow and covered with vegetation, and the dew wet my clothes at night. It's not a pity that my clothes are wet. I just hope I won't go against my wish to retire.
2. I hope so, and I can't sigh.
Tao Yuanming: Harvest of Early Rice in Xitian at the Age of Gengxu in Wei, Jin and September.
Life belongs to the Tao and food and clothing are solid. Don't camp at all, for safety?
In spring, I try to do business, and my working years are considerable. Go out diligently in the morning and come back in the morning.
There are two buildings in the mountains, and the atmosphere is cold first and then hot. Isn't Tian Jia bitter? It is difficult to resign.
Four-body sincerity is fatigue, and ordinary people are no different from doing it. Wash under the eaves, fight for wine and splash your face.
Far from drowning, it matters for thousands of years. I hope so, and I can't regret it.
Explanation:
Returning to life is common sense, and food and clothing come first. Who can abandon this matter and feel at ease? Farming began in early spring, and the annual harvest was still considerable. Go to work in the fields in the morning and take rice home at sunset. Living in the mountains is full of frost and dew, and it is cold before the season.
Don't farmers work hard? I can't get rid of this difficulty. The body is really tired, but fortunately there is no disaster entanglement. Wash and rest under the eaves, and drink happily with a smile. Thousands of years of seclusion are closely related to me. I hope I can grow up like this. I am willing to plow.
3, white hair, I am old, only here, is a career.
"Jiang Shenzi Boshan Road" Song Dynasty Wang Shibi: Xin Qiji
A river of pine and bamboo stands horizontally, people come and go, and clouds cover the fog. Pruning after snow, sometimes you can see two or three flowers. On the way to Bitaoyuan Creek, the scenery is good and there is no dispute.
The flagship store has a wine road, which is commendable. It's even colder at night. How to ban it? Drunk in a hurry, ride with the car. I am old and gray-haired, but this is my life.
Explanation:
On both sides of the road, there are branches of pine and bamboo with oblique branches, and some people in the mountains are shrouded in clouds. Two or three flowers can be seen from time to time on the sparse plum tree after the snow. Compared with Tao Yuanming's Taohuayunxi Road, the scenery is almost the same.
It's getting late. If there is wine in the hotel, just drink it on credit, otherwise how can you stand such cold weather at night? After being drunk, he hurried back, and his horse followed. My hair is white and my face is old. Let's spend our old age here.
4. Expectation is hard to catch, and it turns to long-term diligence.
"Tian She's two poems in the spring of Guimao. The second part is "Wei and Jin Dynasties: Tao Yuanming".
Teachers have a legacy and are not poor. It's hard to see the future, but hard work is hard.
Grasp the current situation, solve problems and convince farmers. Even when the plain is far away from the wind, good seedlings are pregnant with new ideas.
Although I didn't measure my length of service, I am happy about it. Farming sometimes stops, and walkers are not interested.
The sun enters the phase and returns, and the pot pulp is close to the neighbor. Long Yin Renjimen, talking about the Dragon Shepherd.
Explanation:
Confucius, the former teacher, left his last words: "A gentleman who cares about Tao is not superior to poverty." Admire that the theory is too high to reach, and turn your mind to long-term cultivation. When farmers are busy, their hearts are happy, and farmers are encouraged with smiles. When the breeze blows to Ye Ping from a distance, Miao Xiu grows stronger every day. The harvest of a year is immeasurable, and my work has made me happy. There was a resting place after ploughing, and no pedestrians came to ask. Accompanied by the sunset, comfort the neighbors with wine. Cover up Chai Men's poems, let's concentrate on being a farmer.
5. As far as roundness is concerned, I'm afraid that cranes will complain about mountain birds and monsters. What is my fame?
Happy event in front of the temple Yuan Dynasty: Guan Yunshi
Chang Youzai, the spring breeze is everywhere. At that time, I was helpless in my arms and always open to the sky.
I went back to Yuanming, afraid that the crane would complain about the mountain birds and monsters. What is my fame? Sour Zhai is me, I am Sour Zhai.
Explanation:
I feel very comfortable and at ease. The balcony is full of spring breeze. I can't show my ambition, but I'm really helpless. I always sigh at the sky. Follow Tao Yuanming in seclusion. If he lives in seclusion and clings to worldly fame and fortune, I'm afraid it will lead to complaints from wild birds. Who cares about fame and fortune? I am Suanzhai, and Suanzhai is me.
4. The famous saying about indifferent fame and fortune is 1. If you avoid it, you won't regret it, and if you abandon it, you won't be tired. Well, I can't stand it. -"Patience Persuasion".
That is to say, avoiding profit can make people have no regrets, and abstaining can make people feel tired. In the face of fame and fortune, how can we not resist our possessiveness?
2, fame and fortune are more than wine, and people are drunk. -Don Du Guangting's "Regret for the Past"
It means that vanity and fame are more intoxicating than wine, and it is easy to get carried away and make people drunk.
3. Whales and giant teeth are on the road, why not pass by? -Jia Ke in Don Juan Tao's works
This means that the journey in the whale mouth is very dangerous. It's better to go less and don't do things that risk chasing fame and fortune.
When it comes to prosperity, it's just a passing sight. -Su Song Shi's "Bao Hui Don Ji"
It means that talking about that wealth is just a passing sight, not to mention it.
5. Fame and fortune are sweet, and the thought of dying is like chewing wax. If people often worry about death and disease, they can also get rid of their illusions and grow up. -"Caigen Tan Chapter 10".
It means the desire for fame and fortune is as sweet as honey. Thinking about the scene of death will make fame and fortune taste like chewing wax. People should always think of birth and death, eliminate evil desires, and increase the heart of virtue.
6, the grass is leisurely and comfortable, and fame and fortune are endless. -Du Mu's Luoyang Long Sentence
It means that the mood is as leisurely as spring grass, and the confusion between fame and fortune becomes nothingness.
7. Name and body? Which is more important, health or goods? What kind of disease is acquisition or death? If you love it very much, you will pay a lot, but if you hide it too much, you will die. -"Lao Tzu, Chapter 44".
Which is kinder, fame or life? Compared with property, which is more valuable? Which is more harmful, gain or loss? Excessive pursuit of fame and fortune will make greater efforts. Collecting money will definitely cost more.
8. Don't compete with others for gains and losses, seek knowledge and ability. -"Night Talk Around the Furnace".
It means not to compete with others for things, fame and fortune, but only to gain wisdom and ability when doing things.
9. For Lushi, it cannot be a government. -Liu Xiang's "Shuo Yuan".
It means that people who compete for fame and fortune will not get any good grades. If you want to achieve great things, don't pursue fame and fortune.
10, you won't fall behind before you spoil your interests. -Ming Hong Zicheng's "Caigen Tan"
It means not to lead others in fame and fortune, and not to lag behind others in moral cultivation.
5. Poems indifferent to fame and fortune are gone, and fame and fortune are hidden.
-Tang Li Bai's "Chivalry" Mo Yan has both fame and fortune, and fame and fortune are personal enemies. -Don Mutu's "Sleepless" asks the roadside fame and fortune, why is it so advanced?
-Don Cui Hao's "Crossing Huayin" grass color makes people feel at ease, and fame and fortune are endless. -Tang Du Mu's "Luoyang Galand Long Sentence" does not ask for a name, just wait for the spring breeze to see the peony.
-Zhang Tang "Jinghuai" is a poor name, and the Duke can take it away. -Tang Lulun's "Winter Climbing Tower is a Gift for Cheng Teng", the world is good at retreating, and its reputation is empty.
-Tang Wei Wuying's "Xiumudong Return to the throne" is based on the general idea, don't take words as the time. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's "Hengyang and Dream Parting" is indifferent, and fame and fortune are unintentional.
-Song Fan Zhongyan's "Little Hidden Mountain Reading Room" has been misunderstood in ancient times, and it is better to be negative than negative. -Song Yan Dao Ji's "Spring on the Jade Tower" has a poor reputation and is very lively.
-Su Song Shi's "People" is not much. Don't be locked in by fame and fortune.
-"Liu Zaoqing" by Zhang Song Xiaoxiang.