Duhanjiang River
Tang Dynasty: Song Wenzhi
The south, who was exiled to Lingnan, cut off contact with relatives, survived
Duhanjiang River
Tang Dynasty: Song Wenzhi
The south, who was exiled to Lingnan, cut off contact with relatives, survived the winter and experienced a new year.
The closer I get to my hometown, the more timid I am, afraid to inquire about people from home.
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Exile in Lingnan cut off the news of relatives, survived the winter and experienced a new year.
The closer I get to my hometown, the more timid I am, afraid to ask about people from my hometown.
To annotate ...
Hanjiang River: Hanshui River. A tributary of the Yangtze River, originating in Shaanxi, flows into the Yangtze River through Hubei.
Outside the ridge: the vast area south of Wuling in Guangdong Province, usually called Lingnan. In the Tang dynasty, it was often used as an exile. Book: letter.
Bearer: Hometown people I met when crossing the Han River.
Make an appreciative comment
Crossing the Han River is a homesick poem, which truly depicts the poet's excited and complicated mood when he returns home after a long separation. The language is extremely shallow and profound; Describe the psychology and post it in detail; Nature is beautiful without affectation.
The first two sentences trace back to the relegation of Lingnan. It's hard enough to denounce the wilderness, not to mention breaking up with your family and knowing each other's lives and deaths. What's more, this case has passed for a long time. Poets don't have three meanings: the separation of parallel space, the cut-off of audio books and the long time. Instead, it was presented step by step, which strengthened and deepened his loneliness and depression during his exile, as well as his yearning for his hometown and relatives. The words "broken" and "complex" seem indifferent, but in fact they are very intentional. The poet's isolated situation when he was trapped in a relegated house, his life scene without any spiritual comfort, and his unbearable mental pain are all vivid and tangible. These two sentences are straightforward, easy to accept, nothing surprising, and often easy for readers to let go. In fact, its position and role in the whole article is very important. With this background, the next two excellent lyrics have a root.
The third and fourth sentences describe the psychological changes of the poet on his way home. "Near Hometown" confessed that the poet fled the relegated place and approached his hometown because he had not heard from him for a long time. The so-called "the more timid feelings are" means that the closer you are to your hometown and the closer you are to your family, the more worried you are. It has become a kind of fear, afraid of "not asking a question." Naturally, these two sentences seem to be written as "I am more eager to ask people near my hometown", but what the poet wrote is completely natural: "Now, when I meet people near my village, I dare not ask a question." After careful consideration, I think that only in this way can we meet the "prescribed scene" revealed in the previous two sentences. Because the poet was exiled on the ridge, he didn't hear from his family for a long time. On the one hand, he missed his family day and night, on the other hand, he was always worried about the fate of his family, fearing that his family would suffer misfortune because of the poet's tie. The arrival of anxiety and yearning for "broken books" and "rejuvenation" have formed a contradictory psychological state of longing for and fear of going home. On the way home, especially after crossing the Han River, this ambivalence further developed dramatically: the original worries, anxieties and vague premonitions seemed to be confirmed by an acquaintance on the road at once and turned into a vivid and cruel reality; The long-cherished wish of reuniting with family members will be immediately shattered by the ruthless reality. As a result, "more passionate" has become "more timid" and "eager to ask" has become "afraid to ask". This is the inevitable development of psychological contradictions in the special situation of "breaking the voice outside the ridge", and "feeling more timid" and "dare not ask" can better reflect the poet's eager desire to restrain himself at this moment and the mental pain caused by it. The closer the reunion is, the more worried and extreme the poet is. This anxiety will turn into a kind of fear and trembling, which will make him afraid to face the reality.
It is in this way that the poet vividly reproduces the deep concern for his family under special circumstances and sings the good rhythm of the mind going in and out, thus causing the eternal sound. It is only this situation that keeps the poet from being blamed. At this point, later Du Fu's "fear of news, so where is my heart?" ("Shu Huai") wrote that during the war, I was worried about my family, but I was afraid to face the "news" with uncertain good or bad luck. It is more contemporary and intriguing.
This poem not only has ingenious lyric art, but also has a deeper experience. After the author explained the background step by step, he immediately expressed his feelings and poured out his contradictions and pains without reservation. However, readers should chew carefully to feel this special psychological state and communicate with the author's mind. This highly concise lyric technique enables the works to use the most omitted language and achieve extremely far-reaching artistic effects.
Creation background
This poem was written when Song Shenlong crossed the Hanshui River in 706. After Wu died, he was demoted to Longzhou to join the army. In the first year of Shenlong (705), he crossed the river in October of the Song Dynasty, and the following spring, he ventured back to Luoyang and wrote this poem when crossing the Hanshui River. On the other hand, this poem was written by Li Pin when he fled from the demoted Longzhou to Luoyang and passed the Hanshui River (referring to the Hanshui River near Xiangyang).
Distinguish and appreciate
Song Wenzhi fled from Longzhou to his hometown and wrote this poem when he passed the Hanshui River. The Song family is in Gongxian County, and the Hanshui River is far from Gongxian County. Although there are many roads, it is much closer than Longzhou outside the ridge, so the poem says "near the township" The language of poetry is extremely simple and popular, but at first reading, there are still doubts. A wanderer who has been away from his hometown for more than half a year should be happy to set foot on the road home, and this joy will become stronger and stronger as his hometown approaches. However, Song said, "I'm close to my village now, and I meet people." I didn't even dare to ask the people I met about their family background. Is this a bit unreasonable?
To solve this mystery, we must pay attention to the first two sentences of this poem, which provide the necessary clues. The poet cut off contact with his family after he arrived at the relegation center, which has lasted for more than half a year. In this case, what is the mood of the poet? It doesn't seem clear in the poem, but it's not. "Being near my village now, meeting people" shows that the poet has long been "sentimental". Ignorance of the situation at home adds anxiety and doubt to the poet's thinking: Have relatives suffered any misfortune? With the barrier of space and the passage of time, this kind of anxiety and doubt has become increasingly heavy in the poet's mind. Crossing the Hanshui River, getting closer and closer to home, the fear in my heart is getting heavier and heavier, because the ominous speculation may be confirmed soon. "Dare not ask" is not "don't want to ask". The poet also wants to know about his family as soon as possible. However, if you can hear good news, you will be extremely happy, but what if it is the opposite? So, the joy of looking forward to being reunited with your family will not be shattered by this ruthless news? But let this ambiguity continue, because after all, there is still hope that everything will be fine. This ambivalence of wanting to ask but not daring to ask reflects the poet's anxiety and pain. The great poet Du Fu was separated from his relatives in the war, and his message was unknown. In the poem Shu Huai, he wrote these words; "I sent a book from 10." What's the point of being afraid of news? "Although the identity of the poet is different, the reasons for book shame are different, but the contradictory and painful feelings are exactly the same. Of course, this unique life experience will not be available to everyone; But this special subtle psychological state. But everyone can understand it, and it is true and credible. It seems unreasonable, but it's just a special case.
The above thinking and understanding process can make us have a deeper understanding of the ingenious lyric art of this poem. After explaining the background step by step, the poet immediately expressed his feelings and poured out his contradictions and pains without reservation. However, readers should chew carefully to feel this special psychological state and communicate with the author's mind. This highly concise lyric technique enables the works to use the most omitted language and achieve extremely far-reaching artistic effects.