Why is it called "limerick"? It turns out that in the middle Tang Dynasty, there was a man named Zhang Ming, an oil painter, who loved to write such poems. In the Tang Dynasty, his poems were really unique and eye-catching. Zhang Dayou broke the brand, so that this kind of poem was named after him as a doggerel, and there is an anecdote:
One winter, a high official went to worship the ancestral temple. As soon as he entered the hall, he saw a poem written on a newly painted zhaobi:
The official was furious and immediately ordered the left and right sides to find out that he was a poet, hell to pay. A tout report said, "Don't look it up, my Lord. No one else will write such a poem. It must be Zhang Dayou. " The official immediately ordered the arrest of Zhang Dayou. Zhang Dayou listened to the official's reprimand, bowed forward and said slowly, "My Lord, I really like to praise a few poems, but I will never write such poems no matter how poor I am. Do not believe, the little one is willing to interview. " Hearing this, the adults took a deep breath and decided to have a try. Just at that time, An Lushan soldiers were trapped in Nanyang County, so he took this as the topic and asked Zhang Zuohua to paint oil as a poem. Zhang Dayou was neither humble nor supercilious, and blurted out, "A million thieves and soldiers are trapped." Hearing this, the adults even said, "What a bold spirit!" Zhang Dayou said with a smile, "There is neither help nor food," the adult touched his beard and said, "This is not satisfactory. Read again. " Zhang Dayou immediately became the last three sentences in one go: "One day the city was broken, crying dad, crying mom!" These words are exactly the same as "those who make brooms make brooms and those who make shovels make shovels". When everyone heard this, they burst into laughter, even the big officials laughed, and finally let Zhang Dayou go. Zhang Dayou became famous from then on. The name "doggerel" has also spread like wildfire, and it has been passed down to this day.
According to legend, Zhang Dayou saw the sky suddenly change and it snowed heavily. He looked at the snowflakes flying outside the window and sang a poem about snow with excitement:
Even the great poets Li Bai, Su Shi and Ouyang Xiu can't avoid customs, so they have these interesting little works besides their peerless masterpieces. Maybe some of them are attached by later generations, but harmless and humorous words are enough to make people smile:
Li Bai went to the Yellow Crane Tower to write poems. When he saw the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao, he stopped to sigh, so he made such a poem full of charm!
Su Dongpo, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, was brilliant. It is said that Su Dongpo and his sister Su Xiaomei have a doggerel to deal with. Because the two brothers and sisters have their own characteristics, they played jokes on each other. Su Xiaomei's forehead is convex and his eyes are concave, while Su Shi's face is wide and curved. So Su Dongpo wrote poems and played with his sister:
It is an exaggeration to describe his sister's protruding forehead and sunken eyes. Su Xiaomei also not weakness, poem 2 retorted:
This song mocks my brother's beard, and he can't even find his ears and mouth. However, wanting more, I wrote a poem satirizing my brother's flat-headed horse face, and my brow was one foot:
Lv Mengzheng, a famous minister in the Song Dynasty, was born in poverty, and once came to the pig's head to treat him on credit during the Spring Festival. Before the pig's head was ripe, the creditor came to collect debts, and Lao Lu was ashamed. As a result, the creditor took the pig's head. Lv Mengzheng made a doggerel and laughed at Yue:
Ceng Gong and Zeng Ye of the Song Dynasty took part in the imperial examinations many times in their early years, but each time they failed in Sun Shan. At that time, some gloating people made up four limericks to laugh at them. Poetry cloud:
The meaning of this poem is that the Tseng brothers who take part in the scientific research every year return disappointed, just like two swallows flying back and forth under the eaves, none of them can get in, but they are too busy to get anything.
At first, the Ceng Gong brothers felt ashamed and depressed in the face of sarcasm, but their mother always comforted and encouraged them and gave them confidence and courage. From then on, they put the ridicule of others behind them, forge ahead and concentrate on their studies. After fifteen years of hard work, Ceng Gong took three younger brothers and two brothers-in-law to Beijing to take the exam, and finally got his wish. Six people in a class were admitted to the top scholar and to high school. Later, Ceng Gong became one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties.
Hanshan, a monk in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote a doggerel called "Deceiving People from Han Dynasty", which is very funny and has been passed down to this day. Poetry cloud:
"Cheating others" in the poem refers to people who are incapable, but insist on pretending to be great, hitting their faces and filling fat people. Such people can use the water in the basket to cook to quench their thirst, but they will not succeed forever. In the end, he will look old, and I'm afraid he won't be swollen or fat.
Sima Guang was a famous politician and historian in Song Dynasty. He was brilliant and quick-thinking. It is said that Sima Guang climbed mountains with two bachelors when he was young. On the way, two bachelors joined in a sentence, gloating and despising the young Sima Guang, and said, "Is a vertical poem ok?" Sima Guang blurted out a funny poem "Mountaineering":
The first two sentences are like children's spoken language, which obviously has no profound meaning, but the image is vivid and interesting; In the last two sentences, write the mountaineering scene first, and then write the mountaineering feeling, thus highlighting the theme. The language of the whole poem is harmonious, elegant and popular, with a long charm. The second bachelor was shocked and couldn't help but sit up and take notice of him.
Limerick is often used to laugh at and tease others. According to legend, when Ji Xiaolan wrote a birthday couplet for an official's mother, he wrote: The old lady is not human. An official's face was livid. Ji said unhurriedly: Nine fairies descended to earth. The official turned anger into joy and even sighed subtly. Unexpectedly, a stroke of the pen in the season is: adopted sons are used to being thieves. The official immediately fainted to the ground. When he came down to wake him up, Ji added: steal a peach to honor his mother. When I looked back at the official again, I looked pale, sweaty and flustered, as if I had reached the gate of hell.
There is another similar example. In ancient times, there was a scholar who presented a limerick for the birthday of a family named Tao and said, What a pity! What a pity! It is raining cats and dogs today. On a rainy night, I wish Tao a long life, which is worse than torrential rain. The first three sentences of the poem angered the main family, and each sentence was different from Feng. God came and made the birthday poem full of brilliance, which shows the wonderful thinking of this scholar.
Limerick is also often used to brag. In ancient times, a group of scholars met in the wild by chance, boasted about their talents, argued with each other, and finally decided to sing a poem that best expressed their talents. A scholar beat the crowd and won the championship. Its poem cloud:
As soon as this poem came out, other literati had nothing to say.
The boasting function of doggerel reached its peak in 1950s, when the main poet in this field wrote: "The Yang family has an aunt Yang, who is 58 years old this year. In the era of "everyone is a poet", which was tall, heavy-eyed and wide-mouthed, many "peasant poets" emerged, and four limerick poems were called "masterpieces":
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