1. Poems about cave dwellings
Poems about cave dwellings 1. Poems about cave dwellings
1. "Looking at the Dongting"
Author: Liu Yuxi-Tang
The lake and the moon are harmonious, and there is no windshield on the lake surface that has not been polished.
Looking at the green mountains and rivers of Dongting in the distance, there is a green snail in the silver plate.
2. "Crossing the Dongting"
Author: Li Yu-Song Dynasty
The vastness flows across the river, and thousands of pools merge into thousands of rivers.
Half the flood invaded Chuyi, and one branch belonged to Wutou.
The moving axis is in the new season, and the sky is full of autumn.
The momentum surged through Jingkou, and the sound embraced Yueyang floating.
The distant veins nourish Hengyue, and the slight coolness spreads over the Orange Island.
The stars are moving in succession, and the emerald green is gathering in every corner.
The geese gradually fall apart and take advantage of the accompanying boat.
Ascension is unpredictable, so there is no need to worry about a stable road.
There is a difference between the air and the dust, and the words are like searching outside.
This body seems to be thick. Come and rest the pole.
3. "Ode to Dongting"
Author: Ke Peng - Spring and Autumn Period
It is eight hundred miles away, and it is tiring to gaze at it.
The water culvert has a wide sky and shadow, and the mountain topography is high.
The Jia Ke stopped for a long time, and the fisherman turned around several times.
Wherever the wind blows, there are waves again.
4. "Autumn Evening in Dongting"
Author: Zhang Bi-Tang
When the sails were first hung up and the wine was drunk, the dusk scene was so divorced from love.
Thousands of miles of sunset clouds and dreams in the north, and a continent of frost and orange in the south.
The stream breeze brings rain across the Qiu Temple, and the rocks in the stream startle the dragon and fall into the night pool.
Don’t let your soul hang on your soul, or your doubts and sorrows on your mist.
5. "Cave Dwelling"
Author: Ye Zhou - Modern
The eaves and grass sway in the sunset, and the sunbathing area is empty and silent.
Home is just a cave dwelling, watching the dry wind all day long.
The chili will burn your face red, and the towel will bury your head like an antique.
The furrows and wrinkles are all hope, hope that the earth will always give warmth.
Put the horse on the top of the mountain, and the yellow sand on the barren ridge will let it see far away.
Yesterday’s stack of wheat is no longer there, and the carload of people has also gone far away.
The broken windlass is covered with moss. Can the flowing clouds carry the lone goose lightly?
Whenever a child cries, the one who trembles is still poor.
2. Fragments describing cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi
Cave dwellings are a unique form of dwellings on the Loess Plateau in northern China. The ancestors of the Chinese nation lived, multiplied and grew in cave dwellings. . There are many types of cave dwellings: earth cave dwellings, stone cave dwellings, brick cave dwellings, earth-based cave dwellings, Liubazi cave dwellings with willow rafters and interface cave dwellings.
Cave dwellings are a product of the Loess Plateau and a symbol of farmers in northern Shaanxi. Here, the deep culture of the ancient loess was deposited and the people created the cave art (folk art) of northern Shaanxi. In the past, a farmer worked hard all his life and his most basic wish was to build a few cave dwellings. Once you have a kiln and a wife, you are considered to have a family and a career. Men dug in the loess soil, while women took care of housework and gave birth to children in cave dwellings. The small cave dwellings condense the unique style of the loess land.
The loess, which is one to two hundred meters deep, extremely difficult to seep water, and highly upright, provides a good prerequisite for the development of cave dwellings. At the same time, natural conditions such as a dry climate with less rain, cold winters, and less wood have also created opportunities for the development and continuation of cave dwellings that are warm in winter and cool in summer, which are very economical and do not require wood. Due to the influence of the natural environment, landform features and local customs, cave dwellings have taken on various forms. However, from the layout and structure of the building, it can be summarized into three types: cliff-based, sunken and independent.
Cave dwellings in Yan'an, northern Shaanxi, are mixed with cave-style flat-roofed houses. Cave dwellings are an organic combination of natural scenes and life scenes, permeating people's love and attachment to the loess land.
Cave dwellings are fire-proof, noise-proof, warm in winter and cool in summer. They not only save land, but are also economical and labor-saving. It is indeed a perfect architectural form adapted to local conditions.
People make use of the characteristics of loess to dig holes and build rooms. The cave dwellings are called earth cave dwellings. They are generally 7-8 meters deep, more than 3 meters high, and about 3 meters wide. The deepest can reach 20 meters. There are two types of windows, one is a small square window about 1 square meter; the other is a round window about 3-4 square meters. Its characteristics are warm in winter and cool in summer. Stones are used as building materials, and stone arch holes with a depth of 7-9 meters and a width and height of about 3 meters are called stone cave dwellings. The style and construction methods of brick kilns are the same as those of stone cave dwellings, and their appearance is beautiful. A cave dwelling in a courtyard usually has 3 or 5 holes. The middle kiln is the main kiln. Some have front and back kilns, and some have one entrance and three openings. Cave dwellings are generally built in sunny areas on the mountainside or at the foot of mountains. Many trees, flowers and plants are planted on the sides of the cave dwellings.
[Edit this paragraph] Cliff-type cave dwellings (Yayao)
Cliff-type cave dwellings include backing type and ditch type. The cave dwellings are often arranged in a curve or zigzag shape, with a harmonious and beautiful appearance. Architectural artistic effect. When the height of the hillside permits, several levels of terraced cave dwellings are sometimes arranged, similar to buildings.
[Edit this paragraph] Sunken cave dwellings (underground caves)
Sunken cave dwellings are underground cave dwellings, mainly distributed in loess plateau areas - there are no hillsides or ditch walls to use. area. The practice of this kind of cave dwelling is: first dig a square pit on the spot, and then add four walls to the cave dwelling to form a courtyard. When people are on flat ground, they can only see the treetops in the courtyard, but not the houses.
[Edit this paragraph] Independent cave dwelling (hoop kiln)
An independent cave dwelling is a kind of arched house covered with earth. There are earth and adobe arch cave dwellings, and there are also brick arched cave dwellings. Arch cave dwelling. This kind of cave dwelling does not need to rely on mountains and cliffs, and can be independent without losing the advantages of cave dwellings. It can be single storey or built into a building. If the upper floor is also a hoop kiln, it is called "kiln on kiln"; if the upper floor is a wooden structure house, it is called "kiln on house".
Cave dwellings are fire-proof, noise-proof, warm in winter and cool in summer. They not only save land, but are also economical and labor-saving. It is indeed a perfect architectural form adapted to local conditions.
[Edit this paragraph] What are the construction techniques and structural characteristics of cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi?
The cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi are vaulted cave dwellings carved out of the mountains. Since loess itself has the property of standing upright and not collapsing, and the load-bearing capacity of vaults is better than that of flat roofs, cave dwellings generally use vaults to ensure their stability. Northern Shaanxi took advantage of the Loess Plateau's thick soil and low groundwater level to dig cave dwellings for residential use, which has the advantages of being warm in winter and cool in summer. Cave dwellings can be divided into three types: pit type, cliff type and adobe type. A pit-type cave dwelling is a pit dug in the ground, with caves dug on three or four sides to live in. There are ramps for entry and exit. Cliffside cave dwellings are cave dwellings excavated layer by layer along the sides of mountains and ditches. The adobe arch cave dwellings are built with adobe arches and then covered with earth for heat preservation. In addition, there are cave dwellings made of bricks and stones. Pit-type cave dwellings are also found in the western Henan plains with thick loess layers. For example, the pit-type cave dwellings in Gong County, Henan Province often have entire villages and streets built below the ground. Looking from a distance, only the tree crowns of the village and the ground are visible. forest. Crops can still be grown on the land on top of the pit-style cave dwellings. There are also such underground streets in eastern Gansu. From the perspective of Western environmental architects, this pit-type cave dwelling building is a perfect civilized building that does not destroy nature. The combination of underground cave dwellings still maintains the layout of the traditional northern courtyard, with kitchens, warehouses for storing food, drinking wells and seepage wells, as well as sheds for raising livestock, forming a comfortable underground courtyard. There are very clever ways to deal with the use of the lot, the division of the courtyard, the transportation relationship between the upper and lower floors, lighting, ventilation and drainage.
3. A composition describing cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi
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Still remember the song "Song of the Yangtze River": "You come from the snow-capped mountains, the spring tide is your style. You run towards the East China Sea, the stormy waves are your spirit..." I also remember Wang Leehom. "Descendants of the Dragon": "There is a dragon in the far east and its name is the Yangtze River..." Whether it is a national melody or a passionate modern rock song; whether it is a traditional ancient poem or a modern prose novel; also Or in daily life, as long as we hear it, think of it, and talk about it - the Yangtze River, we always have deep feelings. This is a kind of excitement and pride unique to the Chinese nation!
I am very lucky because I live in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and we accept the rich products and magnificent culture it brings to us. The courage of the Yangtze River is always admirable and convincing.
Whenever I feel depressed and have nothing to vent, I will ride my bicycle alone to the riverside at the foot of Langshan Mountain, stand on the embankment and admire the hazy and distant scenery in front of me. Listening to the rumble of the waves hitting the embankment and feeling the pleasant breeze caressing my face, I always think of the poem in Su Shi's Red Cliff Ode: White dew stretches across the river, and the light of the water touches the sky. Even though a reed is like this, thousands of hectares are at a loss. The vastness is as if you are riding on the wind without knowing where it stops; the flutteringness is as if you are left alone in the world, becoming an immortal and ascending to immortality. Although this is somewhat inconsistent with the majestic momentum and the unconscious feeling that the Yangtze River always gives people, it is still appropriate. After all, we have reached the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plains, and the pace of the Yangtze River has also slowed down a bit. It is about to merge into the sea. embrace. Looking at the ships passing by, listening to the sound of whistles from time to time, and watching the dots of sand gulls flying freely behind the ships, I suddenly remembered a sentence: The sky is high and the birds can fly. What is there to think about? What a relief. The breeze that followed did not have the sleepy smell of the sea, but was full of kindness and warmth, and it blew away all my unhappiness. As the sun sets in the west, the sun leaves half of the reddish sky behind and hides alone in the clouds, but new hope is rekindled in my heart.