Song Ci is a new poetry genre popular among Han people in Song Dynasty, which marks the highest achievement of Song literature. Song ci has long and short sentences, which are easy to sing. Because it is the lyrics of music and harmony, it is also called tune, Yuefu, music movement, long and short sentences, poetry, piano music and so on. It began in the Tang Dynasty, took shape in the Five Dynasties and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Song Ci is a bright pearl in the crown of ancient Chinese literature in China, and a fragrant and gorgeous garden in Yuen Long, an ancient Chinese literature. With colorful and varied charm, she competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, and has always been said to be as famous as Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature.
2 Elaborate Song Ci
Song ci has the characteristics of both literature and music. Each word has a phonetic name, which is called "epigraph name", and the words written by sound are called "according to sound". Word alias "long and short sentences" (after the Song Dynasty, it can be said that long and short sentences are aliases of words, but in the Northern Song Dynasty, long and short sentences are the real names of words; In the Tang Dynasty, long and short sentences were still a poetic noun.
Song Ci drew nutrients from The Book of Songs, The Songs of the South and the poems of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, and also provided nutrients for the later operas and novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Until today, it is still edifying people's sentiment and bringing people high artistic enjoyment.
Song ci is also called ci. The famous works about Song Ci are: 300 Song Ci Poems, etc. ?
The representative figures of Song Ci mainly include Su Shi (bold school), Liu Yong (graceful school), Lu You and Li Qingzhao. People say "Su Xin" refers to Su Shi and Xin Qiji.
Three representatives
Su Shi
Poets in the Northern Song Dynasty made outstanding contributions to the development of Ci. It expands the content of ci, pays attention to expressing bold thoughts and feelings, and describes magnificent scenery, which has a great influence on later generations.
Xin Qiji
Xin Qiji, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, has a variety of artistic styles, mainly bold and unconstrained. He once appeared in "Ten Treatises of Meiqin" and "Nine Treatises" and put forward the policy of defending war. There are more than 600 existing poems, which express patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity, pour out grief and indignation that ambition is hard to pay, and condemn the humiliation and peace of the rulers at that time; There are also many works that praise the rivers and mountains of the motherland. He has a wide range of subjects, is good at using predecessors' allusions, and has a heroic style, but there is no lack of delicacy and gentleness.
Li Qingzhao
Yi is a layman, good at line drawing in form, unique in style and beautiful in language. On the theory of ci, it emphasizes harmony and elegance, puts forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposes the method of writing ci into poetry. There are not many who can write poems. Some chapters have a sense of the times, praise history and use generous words, which is different from their style of words. There are Yi 'an Jushi Collection and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. There is a collation of Li Qingzhao's collected works today.
Four representative works
Prelude to water melody
Author: Su Shi
When did the moon begin to appear? I take my glass from a distance.
I don't know the palace in the sky, and I don't know the month and time.
I'm willing to ride the wind to the sky, I'm afraid I can't stand the cold for nine days in a pavilion of fine jade.
Dance and enjoy the shadow of the moon, which is in the world.
The moon turned into a scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self.
The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone?
People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon has yin and yang, and there are gains and losses. Nothing is perfect, even in the past.
I hope people will live for a long time and have a good scenery thousands of miles away.
Copy of
Author: Lu You
Red crisp hands, yellow wine, mancheng spring willow.
The east wind is evil, and the feelings are thin.
A sad mood, a cable that I haven't seen for years.
No! No! No!
Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad.
Peach blossoms fall. Leisure swimming pool hall.
Although Meng Shan is here, it is hard to trust Jin Shu.
Mo! Mo! Mo!
Jade box (Yuanxi)
Author: Xin Qiji
One night, the east wind made up thousands of trees and flowers, blowing off the stars and rain.
BMW carved cars and incense filled the road.
Phoenix flute moves, jade pot turns, fish dragon dances all night.
Moths, snow, willows, gold thread, laughter and incense are all gone.
Looking for him in the crowd,
Suddenly looking back, the man was there, dimly lit.
5 Classification and basic knowledge of Song Ci
Divide by length and proportion
Characters can be roughly divided into Xiao Ling (less than 58 words), Middle Tone (less than 59-90 words) and Long Tone (more than 9 1 word, with the longest word reaching 240 words). A word, some with only one paragraph, is called monotony; Some are divided into two sections, called double tones; Some are divided into three or four sections, which are called three or four sections.
According to the nature of music
Ci can be divided into nine categories: Ling, Yin, Slow, Santai, Preface, Faqu, Daqu, Lingering and Zhu Gong Tone.
Beat every minute.
There are four common types: Ling, also known as Xiao Ling, has a short beat; Lead, lead long in a small order; Near, the tone is similar, which leads to long; The slower, the longer the lead.
Division of creative style
It can be roughly divided into graceful school and unrestrained school.
The Origin Division of Inscriptions
About the origin of epigraph, there are about the following three situations:
It was originally the name of music. For example, Bodhisattva Man is said to be due to the tribute paid by the female country in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. They wear a high bun, a golden crown and garlands (garlands are jewelry worn on their bodies), like bodhisattvas. At that time, the teaching workshop was also divided into "Bodhisattva Manqu". It is said that Tang Yizong loved to sing the word "Bodhisattva Crossing the River", which was a popular song at that time. "Xijiang Moon", "Pine Wind" and "Recent Flowers" all belong to this category. These are all Chinese songs.
(2) Choose a few words from a word as an inscription. For example, Qin Yi E, because the first two sentences of the first word written in this format are "Xiao Shengyan, dreams are broken", so the epigraph is called E, also called E. Memorizing Jiangnan was originally named Wang Jiangnan, also known as Xie Qiuniang. But Bai Juyi has a poem praising "Jiangnan is good", and the last sentence is "Can you forget Jiangnan", so the epigraph is also called memorizing Jiangnan. Dream as a Dream was originally named Yi Xian Zi and later renamed Dream as a Dream, which was written by Zhuang Zong in the late Tang Dynasty. Niannujiao is also called no return to the river, because Su Shi has a poem "Niannujiao", and the first sentence is "No return to the river". It is also called "the moon on the Yangtze River" because the last three words of Su Shi are "the moon on the Yangtze River".
(3) It is the topic of words. The lyrics of "Treading on a Horse" are about dancing, the lyrics of "Riding and Dancing" are about riding and dancing, Ai Naiqu is about boating, the fishing song is about fishing, the waves are about scouring the sand, the ball throwing music is about throwing hydrangeas, and the lost son is about the night. This situation is the most common. Among them, the epitaph is marked with "original intention", which means that the epitaph is also a topic, and no other topics will be drawn up.
5 picture materials
See some beautiful ancient paintings, and if you have good painting ability, you can learn from them.
The lyrics are beautiful and can be supplemented. I hope I can help you.