How to carry forward the unique national Bulang culture in Yunnan, first of all, protection; The second is to increase capital investment and publicity; Third, develop tourism to increase income and further improve the economic capacity of development and construction; The fourth is to carry out excavation, development and construction on the above basis.
The living customs and food culture of Dong and Bulang nationalities are self-contained, which can be roughly summarized in three words: "miscellaneous" (food structure), "sour" (taste hobby) and "happy" (banquet atmosphere). Its colorful food culture contains many magical contents. Most Dong people live on the river valley dam and mainly grow rice, especially glutinous rice. Eating glutinous food is an obvious feature of the Dong people, who have always called themselves "glutinous rice people". Glutinous rice and glutinous rice cakes are essential for Dong people to build houses.
Four wonders of Dong people's diet custom;
Strangers: Heterogeneous Food Sources
Erqi: Nothing sour.
Three wonders: a jubilant banquet
Four wonders: thanks to the chef
Dong people's dietary taboos are mainly: don't sit on the threshold and eat, don't watch others eat; There is no fire on the first day of the first month; No outsiders are allowed to enter the village during the sacrifice; During the mourning period, dutiful sons should avoid vegetarianism, but fish and shrimp are not limited.
Most Dong people everywhere celebrate the Spring Festival, and the time is also the first day of the first month. In some places, the Year of Dong is celebrated at the end of 10 or at the beginning of10. April 8 or June 6 is a festival to sacrifice cows, and cows are not allowed during the festival. In addition, there are fireworks festivals, new rice eating festivals, production suspension activities, surname festivals, song catching parties, girls' festivals, bullfighting festivals, fireworks festivals and so on. The annual Fireworks Festival of Dong people is held at different times and places.
Brown
Hounan Festival is an annual grand festival of Bulang people, which is held on the seventh day after Tomb-Sweeping Day in March of the lunar calendar, that is, April in the solar calendar 13- 15. During the festival, the main activity is to throw water at each other, and the ceremony is held in full accordance with the primitive traditional way of the Bulang people-the custom of welcoming Japan, so people call it the Festival of Welcoming Japan.
Bulang people take rice as the staple food, supplemented by corn, buckwheat, beans, potatoes, little red rice and other non-staple foods, and like to eat waxy food. There are several cooking methods for Nablus food, such as boiling, frying, roasting, roasting, salting, eating raw and cooking. Besides chewing tea, Brown also has a hobby of chewing cigarettes. The browns like to eat raw and sour food.
Boiled food is mainly cooked with clear water.
Fried food is mostly used for meat.
Baked food mainly includes barbecue and grilled fish.
Fried foods include omelets and fried spiders.
Dried vegetables are usually collected and stored in the sun.
Raw food includes all kinds of raw meat food and raw cow blood.
In the past, the utensils used by the Bulang people were round tables and low stools, which were made of bamboo sticks.
Baidu, a celebrity of Bulang nationality, knows Mane (1894 ――1969), whose common name is Wen, from Menghai, Yunnan. Patriotic religious figures. Liu Song Manet became a monk in 19 10, at the age of 16. Because of his cleverness and eagerness to learn, his Buddhist attainments soon reached a depth that other monks could not reach. This made his position in the Buddhist temple improve rapidly. 2 1 year-old, promoted to the second Buddha; At the age of 22, he was promoted to the Giant Buddha (Buron); At the age of 32, I have been listening (level 3); At the age of 38, he was promoted to novice monk (level 4). 1952, Liu Song Manet was finally promoted to "Liu Song" (the sixth teaching point). June 1956 1 1 Deputy Director of the Preparatory Committee of Xishuangbanna Buddhist Association Branch. In 65438+February of the same year, it was established as the "Sumomo" (the highest teaching rank) by the Buddhist Temple Protection Group of the Chinese Buddhist Association. Liu Song Manet is a patriotic monk. He loves teaching, patriotism and teaching, and enjoys high prestige in the eyes of monks and local Dai and Bulang people. 1June, 969, Liu Song Manet died at the age of 75. Yan (1952-Menghai, Yunnan. The first contemporary Bulang literature writer after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Yan was born in Laoman Village, Brown Mountain Township, Menghai County, and is the son of Brown farmers. 65438-0974 studied in the history department of Yunnan University. After graduation, he worked in Menghai County Cultural Center, Propaganda Department of County Party Committee and County Cultural Bureau successively, and held leadership positions. Yan has been influenced by Bulang folk literature since childhood and is familiar with Bulang folk songs and stories. He studied Chinese from the age of seven until he graduated from college and read a lot of literary works. From 65438 to 0974, he began to write poems, essays, novels and reportage. Yan's prose exudes brown Shan Ye flavor and brown human blood. His prose "Earth and Flowers" expresses the author's praise for the new life in a fresh style. The unique wedding shows the rich accumulation of Bulang culture with poetic dialogue. The Beekeeper and his first novel Zhou Nan Catching the Street reflect the changes of the times and the silent collision between traditional psychology and modern consciousness from different angles. 1979, Yan published his collection of The Three Kings of Little Toad. Through his efforts for more than ten years, many Bulang folk literature works have surfaced, showing the world the long literary tradition of Bulang. Among them, "Jin Lu Girl" won the first prize of excellent works of Yunnan ethnic and folk literature. In fact, the process of collecting and sorting out Bulang folk literature is also a process in which Yan draws literary creation nutrients from traditional culture. Feng Chunhua (1952-) is a brown literary writer whose real name is Eddie and his pen name is Shanzai. Shuangjiang people in Yunnan. 197 1 was born in bangxiezhai, Shuangjiang county, Yunnan province, and enlisted in the army. 1976 participated in * * * Demobilization of the People in China, and 1978 was admitted to the Chinese Language and Literature Department of Central University for Nationalities, and graduated from Linlin successively. Compared with most other Bulang writers, Feng Chunhua has his own distinctive writing style. First of all, he adopted various literary forms. Poetry, prose, novels and TV plays have all become a vast world for him to display his literary talents. Secondly, his works pay more attention to revealing the influence of the social and cultural transformation process on the Bulang nationality. For example, the article "Thank the Bodhisattva" reflects the development and progress of society through the change of "food" in Brown Shanzhai. This idea of seeing the big from the small, combined with the author's dripping pen and ink, is refreshing. Finally, his works often point directly to the deep layer of national culture and have a certain thickness. The novel Headhunter Hate describes the tragedy that the Ella brothers had a nervous breakdown and finally committed suicide by hunting for the head of the rescuer. The author's spirit of cultural reflection runs through the whole paper and has achieved impressive artistic effects. Some people say that every essay by Feng Chunhua has a distinct autobiographical color. In fact, his distinctive personality is reflected in every article.
What are the characteristics of the Bulang people? The funeral customs of Bulang nationality are basically the same everywhere. After death, please ask the Buddha or mage to recite the scriptures to exorcise ghosts and have a funeral within three days. Generally, there are public cemeteries in villages, which are divided by family or surname. Burials are common, but the dead are killed and cremation is practiced in some places. Bulang nationality is a nation that can sing and dance well. They often sing and dance to celebrate grand festivals. Accompanied by various musical instruments, as well as martial arts and acrobatics. Young Bulang people have to learn to sing all kinds of songs and play all kinds of musical instruments since childhood. The music tunes of Bulang nationality can be divided into four types: throwing, killing, pulling and composing. Its characteristic is sensational; The slaughter is in high spirits and very lively; Chorus customized songs adapted by Suo, with small three strings; Tunes are used to praise national heroes and vigorous freshmen, and are used in duets in grand concerts. The lead singer often improvises lyrics according to the scene. Bulang dance includes festival dance and Buddhist ritual dance. The dance is called different places, Xishuangbanna, Shidian, Zhenkang, Yunxian, Jingdong and Mojiang. "Dancing" means dancing and singing. Because Bulang men love martial arts, martial arts are often integrated with singing and dancing. Such as long knife dance, throwing stick dance, boxing dance, etc. , neat action, strong fitness. The elephant-foot drum dance, clapping dance, monkey dance and tea affairs of Bulang nationality in Xishuangbanna mostly come from people's production and life practice, and their dances are beautiful, cheerful and vivid. The dance of Bulang nationality is universal, and white-haired old people and children will dance whenever they hear bamboo flutes. And young people especially like to dance in circles. First, boys who can sing and dance lead the dance. Accompanied by the rhythm of gongs and drums and elephant feet drums, girls and boys form a circle, with their knees slightly undulating. Soft hands dance gently on both sides of shoulders or back and forth, and move your feet counterclockwise while dancing. At the same time, a group of young people are doing a rhythmic tiger step jump in the circle. Sometimes they are scattered in front of girls and whispering to each other, and sometimes they get together and have a tiger jump. Repeat this cycle and express your joy.
What are the regional characteristics of Bulang folk houses? The basic condition for the establishment of each nation is the living environment. In Bulang culture, no traditional culture has its own national characteristics. Bulang nationality is a cross-border nationality, so many of its traditional cultures are also mixed with many cultures. How much do you know about the living culture of Bulang people? Here's more for you. Let's study together. Bulang nationality is a cross-border nationality, and different places and nationalities have different names for it. All Bulang people in China live in Menghai County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and the rest are scattered in Lincang, Simao and Baoshan. Bulang folk houses are mainly dry fence buildings. One is a thatched cottage, and the other is a wooden tile house.
Dry column building
Commonly known as bamboo house, there are two floors, people live upstairs, cows, horses, pigs, chickens are closed downstairs, and dry wood and other sundries can be piled up. There is no fence around, there is an entrance and exit. The roof of the bamboo building is mountain-leaning and divided into four sides. The ridge is short and steep, with a roof under it and a raft or tile. There is a wooden ladder at the entrance and a balcony on one side.
Where do the Bulang people in China come from? Mainly originated in Baoshan, Yunnan, it is one of the ethnic minorities in China. The population of Bulang stamps is 9 1, 89 1 (2000 census). Mainly distributed in Yunnan Province, Baoshan and other regions. Mainly engaged in agriculture. The Bulang people in Xishuangbanna, Simao and other places have their own national language and also speak Dai language, and most of them believe in Buddhism and spread to the south. There are more than 8,500 Bulang people in Baoshan City, mainly distributed in Shidian County and Changning County.
The Bulang people in China are mainly distributed in Menghai and Jinghong in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province and Shuangjiang, Yongde, Yunxian, Gengma, Lancang and Mojiang counties in Lincang area. According to the statistics of the fifth national census in 2000, the population of Bulang nationality is 9 1882. Brown language is used, belonging to the Wabenglong branch of the Mon-Khmer language family of South Asian language family, which is divided into two dialects: Brown and Awa. Some people can speak Dai, Wa or Chinese. If there is no mother tongue, some people can speak Chinese and Dai. Bulang people in Xishuangbanna, Lincang and Simao.
The "green woman satin" woven by Bulang women is deeply loved by people on both sides of Lancang River. On the other hand, the "Tonghua cloth" woven by brown ancestors on both sides of the Nujiang River is famous for its whiteness and softness.
What is the history of Bulang people's love of sour food? The Bulang nationality's diet has its own national characteristics and is an important part of the Bulang nationality's material culture. They especially like to eat sour food, and often pickle sour food, such as sour bamboo shoots, sour meat and sour fish. The production method is basically the same as that of other local ethnic groups such as Dai, but Bulang people often put a layer of rice on pickled cabbage. Brown people in Xishuangbanna also like to eat raw meat.
Brown people have a hobby of chewing cigarettes. The method of chewing tobacco is to wrap betel nut leaves with a little grass tobacco, and then add a piece of sand base, reed, betel nut, red stone ash and so on. Put it in your mouth and chew it slowly. Every time it takes more than 20 minutes, the cigarette residue spit out is purple. Brown chewed the cigarette for a long time and even his teeth were dyed black.
The Bulang people like to drink, and most of them are brewed by themselves. Among them, jade wine is the most famous. This wine is green after being filtered by the leaves of a plant called Rubus, which is very similar to the color of jade, hence the name. Bulang people are generous, and friends have the custom of drinking and getting drunk when drinking.
Brown women living in Brown Mountain in Xishuangbanna, especially pregnant women, are addicted to local red soil, which is said to have the effect of stopping vomiting, removing fishy smell and refreshing themselves.
Bulang people have the habit of eating the eggs of mice and ants. The Bulang people like to eat mice, and voles, house mice and bamboo mice are all delicious foods. Burn all the hair, skin and internal organs of the captured mice, wash them and cook them. There is a black ant in Brown Mountain. There is a queen ant in every nest, which can lay thousands of eggs. Brown people often dig ant eggs.
The Bulang people are good at planting and making tea and like drinking tea very much. After the girls pick spring tea, they make loose tea, also called "big leaf tea". They can also make a kind of "bamboo tea" with their own national characteristics. First, cut the rough bamboo into bamboo tubes, fry the newly picked tea leaves, then put them in the bamboo tubes while they are hot, seal them with reed leaves, tie up vines, and bake them in a fire pit to remove their moisture. The bamboo skin was burnt to make bamboo tube tea, which remained unchanged for several years. This kind of tea tastes delicious and is often used as a gift by the Bulang people.
Brown people like sour tea. Tea leaves are made into sour tea by sauerkraut method, which can help digestion after being chewed in the mouth.
There are two kinds of tea of Bulang nationality: baking tea and making tea. Making tea is brewed with boiling water, while baking tea is to put some tea leaves into a special small teapot, roast them by the fire pond, pour boiling water after the fragrance comes out, and then pour them into a small cup after the water boils, which is called "strong tea".
prescribe a diet