the original
the spring rain in Lin' an
the world has been as thin as gauze for years, who makes riders in Beijing?
the small building listens to the spring rain all night, and the deep alley sells apricot flowers in the Ming dynasty.
the short paper is raking in the grass, and the fine milk in the sunny window plays with the tea.
don't sigh over the dust in plain clothes, it's still clear enough to get home.
Note
(1) ⅷ (j √): It will clear up after rain or snow.
(2) taste of the world: taste of the world; Social feelings.
(3) guest: guest residence, original "resident", modified according to Qian Zhonglian's proofreading.
(4) Beijing: the laudatory name of Beijing. Because Beijing is a place where cultural relics and talents gather, it is called.
(5) Deep roadway: a very long roadway.
[6] Ming dynasty (zhāo): tomorrow morning.
⑺ short paper: short paper and small paper.
⑻ oblique line: oblique line.
⑼ grass: refers to cursive script.
⑽ sunny window: a bright window.
⑾ fine milk: small white foam on the water surface when tea is poured. Collating: Tea sorting refers to the method of ordering tea in Song Dynasty, which is to put tea in a cup, slowly inject boiling water, stir it with a tea pot or teaspoon, and white foam appears without any cup, which is called fine milk.
⑿ drama, the original "trial", according to Qian Zhonglian's proofreading. Tea separation: the method of frying tea in Song and Yuan Dynasties. After filling the soup, stir the tea milk with a bamboo stick to make the soup ripple into various shapes.
[13] plain clothes: It originally refers to white clothes, and it is used as a proxy here. It is a poet's humble title to himself (similar to "Su Shi").
[14] dust sigh: sigh because of dust. It implies that you don't have to worry about the bad atmosphere in Beijing polluting your own quality.
Translation
In recent years, the interest of being an official is as faint as a veil. Who let me come to Kyoto by horse to pollute the prosperity? Living in a small building and listening to the spring rain all night, I will hear apricot blossoms in the depths of the alley early in the morning. Spread out a small piece of paper and write it leisurely and obliquely, and the words are organized. Boil water, make tea and skim foam carefully in front of the sunny window, and try to taste famous tea. Oh, don't sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and there is still time to go back to my old home in Shanyin, near Jinghu Lake during the Qingming Festival.
If I hide the author's name and read this song, I may think that it was not written by Lu Fangweng, who was "an iron horse" and "swallowed up the remnants". Although there is apricot blossom-like spring scenery in the poem, it also implies the sentimental feeling of "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn" and the boring mood of "making grass at leisure" and "playing with tea" This is very inconsistent with Lu You's majestic and tragic style of singing "Defending the country" and "Serving the country".
Since Emperor Xiaozong summoned Lu You in the fifth year of Chunxi, he has not been reused, but he has done two official jobs in Fujian and Jiangxi to promote Changping tea and salt. After five years in the family, he stayed away from politics, but he understood the changes in the political arena and the indifference of the world. Therefore, at the beginning of the poem, a unique clever analogy is used, lamenting that the world is as thin as a translucent yarn. So the first couplet began to talk about the "thinness" of "the taste of the world" and asked "who makes the riders in Beijing". Lu You was sixty-two years old, not only because of the ups and downs of his official career for a long time, but also because of his unfulfilled ambition and all kinds of misfortunes in his personal life. The old man with a bumpy life gave a sigh and expressed his inner feelings about the cold world. This kind of lamentation may be beyond doubt for others, but it is not reasonable for Lu You, who is "dead in a lonely village and does not feel sorry for himself, but still thinks about defending the country." This letter was sent to Beijing and was appointed as Yanzhou Zhizhou. For Lu You, who struggled all his life and unswervingly realized his ideal of serving the country, granting him the right to report it to the state will actually cause his "who" question.
The poem "Eye of Poetry" is also a famous sentence of Lu You, and its language is fresh and meaningful. The poet lives alone in a small building and listens to the patter of spring rain all night; The next morning, the voice of selling apricot flowers came from the deep alley, telling people that spring was deep. The continuous spring rain is written by the poet's hearing; The light spring scenery is revealed in the sound of selling flowers. Write vividly and profoundly. Legend has it that these two poems were later introduced into the palace and were deeply praised by Xiaozong, which shows that they were widely read for a while. People who have always commented on this poem think that these two sentences are meticulous and appropriate, depicting a bright and vivid picture of spring scenery, but they don't notice that its role in the whole poem is not only to describe spring scenery, but to be integrated with the poetry before and after. In fact, "a small building listens to the spring rain all night" means that the continuous spring rain is like a sad thought. When reading this poem, we should not let go of the word "one night" lightly. It just implies that the poet stayed up all night and worried about state affairs, accompanied by the sound of rain, welled up in his brow. Li Shangyin's "Autumn is cloudy and frost flies late, leaving dry lotus to listen to the sound of rain", which is based on the dry lotus listening to the rain. Lu You writes more implicitly and profoundly here. Although he uses more lively words, his intention is to express his depression and melancholy, and it is with the beautiful spring scenery as the background that he forms a sharp contrast with his lonely feelings.
The following necktie shows his feelings. In this bright spring scenery, the poet can only do "short paper and idle grass", and Lu You is good at cursive writing. Judging from the existing handwriting of Lu You, his cursive writing is sparse and graceful. This sentence is really a dark use of Zhang Zhi's allusions. It is said that Zhang Zhi is good at cursive writing, but he usually writes in block letters. When asked why, people replied that "cursive writing is in a hurry", which means that cursive writing takes too much time, so there is no time to write. Lu Youke lives in Beijing, and his leisure is extremely boring, so he amuses himself with cursive script. Because it is the first day of light rain, it is said that "sunny window" and "fine milk play tea" are here to taste tea and play tea ceremony. On the surface, cursive writing with nothing to do and sipping tea under the sunny window is a very leisurely and quiet realm. However, behind this, the poet's infinite feelings and complaints are hidden. Lu you has always had the ambition to make a vigorous career for the country, but the position of Yanzhou magistrate is not in line with his ambition, not to mention an audience with the emperor. I don't know how long it will take to wait in the guest house! The country is in troubled times, but the poet is killing time by making books and drinking tea. It's really boring and sad! So I couldn't hold back my resentment any longer, and wrote the ending two sentences.
Although the couplets don't complain like the ancients that "plain clothes has turned into a treasure" (Jin Lu Ji wrote "Give a gift for Gu Yan first": "Beijing is dusty, plain clothes has turned into a treasure"), they not only express the hardships of traveling in the wind and frost, but also have the meaning of being ugly in Beijing and living for a long time. The poet claimed that Qingming is not far away, so he should go home as soon as possible, rather than stay in Lin 'an, a so-called "paradise on earth" in the south of the Yangtze River for a long time. The poet was called to Beijing, but he hurried by and left. Lu You's use of its meaning here is actually self-mockery.
Among Lu You's many famous poems, there are some works with strong patriotism and concern for the people, such as "Guan Shanyue" and "Feeling of Coming Out of the Hedge Gate in Autumn Night to Meet the Cold"; There are works that express dreams, grief and sorrow, such as "The Storm on November 4". These poems are not straightforward and painful, but they are all magnificent and magnificent. The author also has beautiful and simple descriptions of rural life, such as "Traveling to Shanxi Village"; There are also sad works that cherish the memory of love and the happiness of the past, such as Shen Yuan. And so on, are very similar to "Lin 'an Spring Rain at the Beginning of Ji". There is no singing, no wailing, no angry poems, no bitter tears, only a gloomy colon and a faint sigh, "It's a taste in my heart".
The harsh reality forced him to draw some gloomy conclusions about the court, the emperor, life and society. Unlike many of his dream poems, in the middle of the night, when all is silent, the author has no real life scene to disturb him, and he can fantasize and say anything in front of the vast starry sky and rainy night. But in the prosperous imperial city, the author can't help himself. Although Lin 'an City is beautiful in spring, the bureaucrats are partial to the corner, forgetting to avenge the country and whitewashing peace. The author is always awake. He saw the numbness of the world and the stupor of the imperial court in the superficial climate and prosperity, and thought of his unpaid ambition. But he can neither sing nor dream, so he has to use the spring scenery to express his sadness and write spring as a heartless thing.
It can be said that The First Night of Spring Rain in Lin 'an reflects the author's inner world on the other hand. In addition to singing to serve the country on the battlefield, under the curtain and under the night sky, the author occasionally wanders with melancholy. In the book of indignation, which was written almost at the same time, the author showed his consistent lofty sentiments in a completely different way. In a certain sense, Book Anger is the author's summary of his tragic life. "When you are young, you know that the world is difficult," but you finally have the courage to say, "Who is as good as a thousand years" and leave your life to history for judgment. The comparison between The Beginning of Spring Rain in Lin 'an and Book Anger can reveal a short-term repetition of the poet's feelings and thoughts. Lu You is a Lu You after all, and he won't stay on "leisure" and "drama" forever. Soon after he took office in Yanzhou, he still insisted on resisting gold, and put it into action and expressed it in poetry. Finally, he was dismissed from office on the charge of "mocking the romantic". His continuous "apricot blossom and spring rain" developed into a violent storm in "The Storm on November 4th".
A poet's personality is complicated, and a martyr who is always strong and unyielding will inevitably feel melancholy from time to time. This kind of depression and melancholy is not in contradiction with its grandeur and tragic. Only when he is depressed and miserable can he have a stronger eruption of feelings. At the beginning of the poem, it is said that "the taste of the world is as thin as yarn", which is the author's denial of reality and also reflects the author's integrity. Leaving at the end of the poem is also the poet's disdain for the flashy imperial city. Therefore, through the surface of the original poem, we can still vaguely see a mighty and unyielding image, which is the author's true and consistent self.