Cai Hesen, whose real name is Runhuan, was originally named Cai Linbin. 1895, from Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province.
Family. I studied in a private school when I was a child. /kloc-when I was 0/3 years old, I went to my cousin's shop as an apprentice because of family difficulties, and no one cared for me for a long time.
Bullying, thus sprouting a sense of resistance. He/kloc-entered primary school at the age of 0/6, and was laughed at by people around him because of his age.
For "too students". After studying hard, he entered high school after a semester. 19 13 years, Cai Hesen came.
Changsha, admitted to the railway specialized school, then transferred to the first normal school. At school, he learned to forget all about eating and sleeping.
Degree, is famous for its outstanding talent.
Man Sanxiang, a famous scholar in Hunan and a disciple of Professor Yang Changji who had studied in Japan and Britain for ten years, thought it was the best.
Our students are Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen. They say, "The second son has a bright future. You don't say anything to save the country.
If you have saved the country, give priority to your second son first. "Mao Zedong is just a" classmate, a teenager ",and his best friend in Changsha is Cai Hesen. From the "Second National Congress" to the "Sixth National Congress", Cai Hesen was a member of the Central Committee, and his family became a prominent revolutionary in the Party. He and his wife Xiang Jingyu, sister Cai Chang, brother-in-law Li Fuchun and others, as the first generation pioneers of the Party, wrote their names in the history books with their blood and youth.
When studying in the First Normal University, Cai Hesen established his revolutionary ambition by reading "New Youth" sponsored by Chen Duxiu.
19 18 co-founded Xinmin society with Mao Zedong. Colleagues at the meeting commented at that time: "Lin Bin is a thinker and Runzhi is a practitioner." 19 18, Cai Hesen came to Beijing, organized work-study programs in France, got to know Li Dazhao, and got a lot of lessons. After he participated in the May 4th Movement, he went to France at the end of 19 19. There, Cai Hesen accepted scientific * * * productism, and wrote letters to friends at home, proposing to organize a * * * production party. Mao Zedong said after receiving the letter:
"Your letter is very insightful. I don't object to a word."
192 1 At the end of the year, Cai Hesen returned to China and joined the Shanghai * * * production party through the introduction of Chen Duxiu, and in the middle of 1922.
* * * On the Second National Congress, he and his wife Xiang Jingyu were elected as members of the Central Committee. He presided over China's official publication Guide for a long time. 1925 went to Moscow as the head of the international delegation of China. /kloc-returned to China in 0/927, served as the director of the Central Propaganda Department, and was elected as a member of the Political Bureau at the "Big Five".
At the critical moment of the failure of the Great Revolution, Cai Hesen supported Mao Zedong's opinion and advocated independent armed struggle. After the Agrarian Revolution began, Cai Hesen worked in Shanghai and Moscow for a long time. He was dismissed as a member of the Politburo and Minister Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China on 1928 for opposing the "Left" policy. 193 1 At the beginning of the year, he came back from the Soviet Union and proposed to go to the Soviet area in Jiangxi, but the central authorities sent him to restore the newly destroyed Guangdong Provincial Party Committee. Since Guangzhou has always been difficult to gain a foothold, he contacted comrades in Hong Kong to carry out his work.
193 1 In June, the traitor Gu, who was in charge of the central security work, took a spy to Hong Kong and arrested Cai.
He was extradited to Guangdong warlords by the British authorities in Hong Kong. In Guangzhou prison, Cai Hesen was tortured and faithful.
Finally, his limbs were nailed to the wall and the enemy stabbed him in the chest with a knife. The date of his sacrifice is unknown.
Xiao, it took a long time to figure out this tragic martyrdom.
& lt's just classmates and teenagers > Cai Hesen and Xiang Jingyu in China.
Cai Hesen was an outstanding leader, Marxist theorist and propagandist in the early days of China's * * * Production Party. Like the revolutionary cause he was engaged in, his married life not only gained success and joy, but also suffered failure and pain. "Alliance with Cai", a confidante, is admired by everyone. Later, Xiang Jingyu moved on, and Cai Hesen was in great pain. Although there was a trip to Moscow, the emotional alliance between Cai Xiang was unsustainable and had to go their separate ways. Cai Hesen was taken good care of by Li's wife. They fell in love and got married formally in Moscow.
Although Cai Xiang's marriage alliance has broken down, their career alliance has lasted for a long time. For the cause, they died heroically in Wuhan and Guangdong, and their feelings were touching; After marriage, Li Yichun followed Cai Hesen to the north and south in a white and horrible environment and persisted in the struggle. After her husband's sacrifice, her fighting spirit continued unabated, and her revolutionary career lasted for more than 60 years, which was admirable.
"Alliance with Cai": Everyone's confidante
The combination of Cai Hesen and Xiang Jingyu is the crystallization of like-minded and free love.
19 13 autumn, Cai Hesen was admitted to the First Normal University of Hunan Province with excellent results. In the first division, He, He and Xiao Zisheng are like-minded, and they are the most proud students in Yang Changji. They are also called "Three Friends of Xiangjiang River". 19 18 In April, the Xinmin Society they organized was one of the early embryos of the China * * * production party. 19 16 In the spring, Xiang Jingyu, who is also the most proud student in Yang Changji, broke through the traditional concept that men are superior to women after graduating from Nan Zhou Girls' School, and returned to his hometown as the principal of Xupu Girls' School, and embarked on the road of women's liberation and education to save the country. At school, she let the girls put down their feet, untied their feet in person, accompanied them home one by one, mobilized their parents, and created an atmosphere of women's liberation in the local area. 19 18 At the end of this year, Xiang Jingyu arrived in Beijing, got in touch with Hunan women and went to work and study in France, and met Cai Hesen, who is famous among Hunan students, for the first time. Soon, Xiang Jingyu also joined the Xinmin Society. As a result, her contacts with Cai Hesen gradually increased, but she lost her affection.
19 19 At the end of this year, more than 50 people, including Cai Hesen, Xiang Jingyu and Cai Chang, set sail from Shanghai to France on the French cruise ship Anglepon. During the 35-day voyage, Cai Xiang and his wife often watched the sunrise together and discussed learning and political issues. When it comes to personal marriage, they all strongly oppose the old-style marriage and advocate boldly pursuing the perfect combination of new love and ideal. When the cruise ship docked in Marseille, France, they were all pleasantly surprised to find that they were completely attracted by each other. As a result, the love boat of "alliance with Cai" set sail.
Intriguingly, before this, Cai Xiang had made a vow to the two men that they would never marry. 19 18, "Three Friends of Xiangjiang River" came to Yuelu Mountain Love Night Pavilion to talk about the past and the present. When it comes to personal marriage, Mao Zedong first proposed that he would never get married in order to seek the truth of saving the country. Cai Hesen and Xiao Zisheng were impressed by this move. Unexpectedly, only one year later, Cai Hesen took the lead in breaking his word. During Xiang Jingyu's tenure as the principal of Nan Zhou Girls' School, some work was supported by a local official named Zhou Zefan. Unexpectedly, Zhou Zefan proposed to the beautiful and elegant Xiang Jingyu to be his second wife. Although Xiang Jingyu's father was a wealthy businessman, he was awed by Zhou's power and had to agree. Xiang Jingyu, who had already accepted the new idea of women's liberation, firmly opposed it. She rushed into Zhou's house alone and vowed to "never marry and serve the country with her life." In order to avoid pestering Zhou again, Xiang Jingyu simply left his hometown in Xupu and went to Changsha to live in the home of his classmate Cai Chang.
After arriving in the French city of Montagny, studying, working and living in a foreign country need the mutual care of China students. In these caring, the feelings and ideal alliance between Cai Xiang have been sublimated. 1920 In May, they got married in Mondani. The wedding was warm and simple, and dozens of China students sent warm wishes to the like-minded couple. Cai Xiang recited the poems they gave each other in the process of love, and the wedding reached its climax. Soon, they published these poems in a collection called Upward Alliance and presented them to friends and relatives. Xiao Zisheng said humorously to them after reading the poems, "You are both my best friends. I deeply bless you and give you four words-'downward alliance'. This is the title of your book. I just changed a word. " After receiving these poems, those who are far away in the Eastern Hemisphere are "happy", which means that "we happen to be the leaders of Cai". /kloc-in the winter of 0/920, Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui, who were also a couple, also entered the marriage hall.
Alliance with Cai is not only an alliance between men and women in love, but also an alliance in an ideal career, helping each other in the same boat. In their wedding photo, a pair of devout Marxist believers sat side by side on the lawn, holding an open Das Kapital. I'm afraid this kind of wedding photo with perfect combination of emotion and meaning is unique in the world. And their letters to relatives and friends can also reflect this ideal problem. After marriage, Xiang Jingyu sent his parents a postcard with a pair of lovely children printed on it. Focusing on the children on the postcard, she wrote: "He Sen is the true love of Jiu-Er (Xiang Jingyu ranks ninth at home, nicknamed' Jiu-Er'), and his hobbies are not at all different. The two sizes in this picture are also suitable for him and me. He and I are newcomers born in 1920, and we can also call them children of the 20th century. " Cai Hesen also said in his letter to Mao Zedong: "I have a love combination with the police." "Alliance with Cai" has a healthy, contemporary, frank, unique and colorful connotation, which adds its infinite charm.
192 1 At the end of the year, Cai Hesen and others offended the French authorities by leading students studying in France to win the right to enter the University of Lyon, and were forcibly sent back to China. Later, Xiang Jingyu also returned to China. In just a few years, the couple quickly grew into omnipotent revolutionary figures on the political stage in China. Cai Hesen is a core member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and Chen Duxiu's right-hand man. Xiang Jingyu is the first female member of the CPC Central Committee in China and an outstanding leader of the women's movement. The couple were elected as members of the Central Committee at the same time, and they devoted themselves to the revolutionary cause, which is unique in the early history of the party's struggle. Why is this happening? One of the important reasons is that "alliance with Cai" has played a huge role. As a result, the story of "Lian Cai" spread quickly within the party and among many progressive young people.
Marriage in Cai Li: The Love of Life in Moscow
Although Cai Xiang's work is very busy, life is the most stable since they returned to China. The alliance with Cai based on love and career has achieved great success. According to common sense, this alliance should be eternal and unbreakable. However, this is not the case. 1925 At the beginning of this year, the "Cai Xiang League" was challenged because of the intervention of a student studying in the Soviet Union named Peng Shuzhi.
Peng Shuzhi was very active during his study in the Soviet Union and wrote some articles. His high theoretical level and excellent working ability have been appreciated by Chen Duxiu and strongly recommended by the international community. As four members of the Party's Central Committee, he succeeded Cai Hesen, who was seriously ill, as Minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, and Cai Hesen was the full-time editor of Guide Weekly. In order to facilitate the work, the central government decided that Mr. and Mrs. Cai Hesen, Mr. and Mrs. Peng Shuzhi and Secretary Zheng would live in the propaganda department apartment. This allows Peng Shuzhi and Xiang Jingyu to have more contact opportunities.
Peng Shuzhi is a romantic genius revolutionary, and his handling of work and daily life seems relaxed and rhythmic. His natural and unrestrained manner and humorous talk deeply attracted Xiang Jingyu and brought her a lot of fun. And these are exactly what Cai Hesen didn't notice or lacked. There is no doubt that Cai Hesen was once a romantic genius, otherwise, there would be no story of "forming an alliance with Cai". However, on the one hand, Cai Hesen's personality and style of doing things are completely different from Peng Shuzhi's. He was a loyal revolutionary who devoted his whole life to the revolutionary cause, and was recognized as a particularly hard-working leader among the early leaders in China. I forgot to eat and sleep at work, lived informally, and even didn't pay attention to hygiene. I suffered from asthma since I was a child, which seriously affected the work and life of others. Zhang Zeng, who worked with Cai Hesen for several years, said, "Living with him is a hard job". There is still such unhappiness among comrades, not to mention that husband and wife get along day and night. On the other hand, Cai Hesen neglected his role transformation and role division. As far as feelings are concerned, the "Cai Xiang League" before marriage is mostly ideal and romantic, but after marriage it is real life. As a professional revolutionary, Cai Hesen deserves it. But Cai Hesen, as a father and husband, did not fully fulfill his responsibilities. Nietzsche and Cai Bo were sent back to their hometown soon after they were born, and they were raised by their grandmothers. In this way, Cai Xiang lacks the communication and joy brought by children. Besides, both of them work selflessly, and neither of them wants to make more sacrifices for their families. Xiang Jingyu is not good at housework, and Cai Hesen has no fixed income, so that the family sometimes has a rest time for eating. In order to solve the difficulties of life at home, Li Dazhao wrote to Hu Shi many times, saying that "He Sen is very poor and only makes a living by this (the remuneration for Cai's book The History of Russian Social Revolution)". So although Cai Xiang's marriage is lofty, it always makes people feel that something is missing.
Xiang Jingyu was originally a lively and affectionate woman who advocated women's liberation and personality freedom. But after marriage, she was still bound by some old ethics. She suppressed herself everywhere and never smiled. In her work and life, she also opposes other people's jokes, and the young woman is old. Colleagues nicknamed her "grandma". Xiang Jingyu is in the transitional period from a feudal autocratic society to a modern democratic society, which is a contradictory unity of old and new, openness and closure. After marriage, her love for Cai Hesen has not changed, but she hates his procrastination and careless living habits. In addition, the classic story of "forming an alliance with Cai" also puts her under great pressure and must be as solemn as possible.
1In June, 925, Cai Hesen had to leave Shanghai for Beijing to recuperate because of overwork, asthma and stomach trouble. Peng Shuzhi not only served as the Minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, but also offered to take charge of the work of the Central Women's Committee, and it was Xiang Jingyu who was in charge of the work of the Women's Committee. So there are more opportunities for two people to contact. Especially after Cai Hesen left Shanghai, Peng Shuzhi took good care of Xiang Jingyu in his life. This made Xiang Jingyu very moved. For her, Peng's appearance seemed to open another emotional window, which made her feel refreshed. The two soon fell in love.
In September, Cai Hesen, who was in remission, returned to Shanghai with Chen Duxiu. That night, Xiang Jingyu was ashamed of her husband and confessed everything to Cai Hesen. In a flash, Cai Hesen was too shocked to speak. Xiang Peng's love affair not only greatly hurt Cai Hesen's feelings, ruined Xiang Jingyu's image, but also affected the prestige and unity of the central leadership. In order to repair the cracked "alliance" and recover its bad influence to a certain extent, the central government decided to send Cai to Moscow, Xiang Jingyu to study at Sun Yat-sen University and Cai Hesen to attend the sixth enlarged meeting of the International Executive Committee.
Broken mirrors are sometimes difficult to reunite. A few months later, although Cai Xiang tried to forget the past, they finally found that their emotional alliance had become a thing of the past. In Moscow, they broke up very rationally and peacefully. However, admirably, their ideals, careers and friendship alliances continued to the end of their lives. 1928 In March, after Xiang Jingyu was arrested by the enemy in Wuhan, Cai Hesen was so worried that he sent a telegram to Xiao Zisheng, an official in the Kuomintang, hoping that he could be rescued. After Xiang Jingyu's death, Cai Hesen wrote an article expressing deep condolences.
After the "Sixth Congress" meeting, Cai Hesen stayed in Moscow as the representative of China's * * * Production Party in the * * * Production International. At this time, Cai Hesen was exhausted, and he felt an urgent need for someone to care for him and take care of him. At that time, Mr. and Mrs. Cai Hesen went to Moscow with Li and others. Out of sympathy and concern, Li's wife gave a lot of care to sick Cai Hesen, and slowly they fell in love. At the end of 1926, they officially got married. If "Alliance with Cai" has a strong romantic color, then marriage is more a love of life, a feeling of distress, and the result of an extramarital affair at the expense of destroying another family.
Li Yichun, formerly known as Li Chongying, is a young man in Hunan influenced by new ideas. 1923 joined the revolution, 1925 joined the party. She is the wife of Yang Kaizhi and the sister-in-law of Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. 1923 65438+ 10, I found Li, who was engaged in the workers' movement in Beijing at that time, and said that I still had some things to deal with in Beijing, and asked Li to take care of his wife and go back to Changsha, Hunan. To my surprise, Li and Li actually developed feelings on their way back to the south. As a result, instead of going back to Changsha, I followed Li to Anyuan to form another family.
1927 In March, Li Yichun followed Cai Hesen from Moscow to China, sang with his wife and devoted himself to the arduous struggle of the revolutionary cause. In April, Cai Hesen and Xiang Jingyu attended the Fifth Party Congress in Wuhan. Cai Hesen was elected as a member of the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and concurrently served as the Minister of Propaganda Department of the Central Committee. As a clerk, Li Yichun is responsible for meeting minutes.
193 1 In the spring of, Cai Hesen was sent to Hong Kong by the Central Committee to restore the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee. In order to save funds for the Party's activities, he and Li Yichun only rented a small house above a canning company, without renting another office, which was very unsafe. In fact, as early as when he was preparing to go to Hong Kong from Shanghai, his niece Liu Ang, who had just returned from Hong Kong, advised him not to go to Hong Kong, where the white terror was as serious as the mainland. As soon as Cai Hesen arrived in Hongkong, he attracted the attention of Kuomintang spies. More dangerously, former Alternate member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and traitor Gu Zhang Shun, who were familiar with Cai Hesen, also arrived in Hongkong.
However, Cai Hesen never considered personal safety. He has a spirit of Hunan people who dare to fight and rush. On June 10, he ignored the advice of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and attended a very important seaman's union meeting. Before leaving, he kissed his three-year-old daughter, Cai Zhuan, and then said to Li Yichun, "I won't be at ease if I don't attend this meeting. I'll be back before 1 pm. If I don't come back, I will be arrested. " As soon as he entered the meeting, he was recognized and arrested by Gu. Soon, Cai Hesen was extradited to Guangdong Kuomintang warlord by Hong Kong authorities, and he died heroically.
After Cai Hesen's sacrifice, Li Yichun was properly arranged by the Party organization and worked in Yan 'an Lu Xun Normal School, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Administrative College and Beidaihe Zhongzhi Sanatorium. 1984 died in Beijing.
What can comfort the martyrs is that the children born of Cai Hesen's two marriages, under the care of the party and the government, have made important contributions to the construction of new China. Cai Bo is the son of Cai Hesen and Xiang Jingyu. 1939 went to study in Moscow and won a Stalin scholarship. 1in August, 949, he returned to China with Liu Shaoqi and became the first generation of outstanding ironmaking experts in new China. Cai Xu is the daughter of Cai Hesen and Li Yichun. 1938 to study in Moscow. 1953 returned to China after studying abroad and worked in Beijing and Wuhan successively. He is an outstanding and respected senior intellectual on the medical front.
Xiang Jingyu is one of the earliest female party member of our party, and is known as "the pioneer of China women's movement". 19 19 She and Cai Chang organized Hunan women's work-study programs in France, and they were the founders of Hunan women's work-study programs. Xiang Jingyu returned to China at 192 1, and soon she joined the China * * * Production Party. At the Party's second national congress, she served as the first female minister in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and began to lead the earliest proletarian women's movement in China. She also drafted many important guiding documents for the Women's Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, wrote a lot of articles about women's movements, trained a large number of women cadres, and made indelible contributions in the history of women's liberation movements. After the failure of the Great Revolution, most leading comrades of the Party moved one after another. Xiang Jingyu took the initiative to stay in Wuhan and persisted in the underground struggle. 1928 On March 20th, she was unfortunately arrested because of the traitor's betrayal. The enemy tried to defeat her again and again, but she was indomitable and kept her mouth shut about the party's secrets, showing the lofty integrity and excellent quality of the producers of * * *. The Kuomintang reactionaries decided to kill her on May 1 day, a holiday of the working class all over the world. Desperate Xiang Jingyu gave a speech to the people along the way. The enemy is very afraid of this. The gendarmes beat her up and tried to make her stop talking, but she kept talking, so they put stones in her mouth and tied her cheek with a belt. Many people in the street cried. Xiang Jingyu was taken to Yu Ji's empty ping execution ground and died heroically.
all one's life
Xiang Jingyu, formerly known as Xiang Junxian, pen name Jin Woo, Tujia, 1895 was born in the home of the president of Xupu County Chamber of Commerce in Xiangxi, Hunan Province. She ranks first in Laojiu, and her brothers have all studied in Japan. They have been influenced by her since childhood and are pursuing new knowledge. At the age of 6, he entered a private school, and at the age of 8, he entered a new primary school founded by his eldest brother in the county. She is excellent in her studies and dreams of becoming a Mulan-style hero. Later, she entered Hunan No.3 and No.1 Girls' Normal School and Nan Zhou Girls' School. Because of her classmate relationship with Cai Hesen's sister Cai Chang, she met Cai Hesen and Mao Zedong.
19 16 After graduation, Xiang Jingyu returned to his hometown in Xupu, breaking the traditional concept of "men are superior to women" at that time, and became the principal of a new school, trying to take the road of saving the country through education. At school, she asked girls to let go of their feet, untied their feet in person, accompanied them home one by one and mobilized their parents.
19 19 in the summer, in order to avoid the entanglement proposed by the chief police officer and to seek the truth, Xiang Jingyu went to Changsha to initiate work-study programs for women studying in France and joined the Xinmin Society hosted by Mao Zedong and Cai Hesen. 19 19 winter, Xiang Jingyu, Cai Hesen, Cai Chang and Cai Muge Hao Jian went to France by boat. While working in a chewing gum factory and a textile factory, she studied French and Marxism-Leninism, and joined the "Engineering World Society" organized by Zhou Enlai and others.
192 1 At the end of the year, Cai Hesen and others who traveled to France were sent back by the authorities for participating in the student movement, and pregnant Xiang Jingyu also came back. The following year, she joined the Party in Shanghai, then participated in the "Second National Congress", was elected as a member of the Central Committee, and served as the Minister of the Central Women's Department. Since then, she has been re-elected as a member of the Central Committee at the Party's "Big Three" and "Big Four", led the strike of 10,000 female workers in Shanghai 14 silk factories10.5 million and 7,000 workers in Nanyang Tobacco Factory, and also wrote many declarations and articles about the women's liberation movement for the Party Congress and newspapers.
1925 65438+ 10, attended the 4th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) held in Shanghai, and was re-elected as the head of the Central Women's Movement Committee, leading Shanghai women to support the Wuchuan Movement and the strikes in provinces and ports. In June of 5438+00, Xiang Jingyu, Cai Hesen and Li were sent by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to study in Moscow Oriental Production and Labor University. 1In July, 927, he was transferred to Hubei Provincial Party Committee, persisted in underground struggle, and edited the secret publication of the provincial party Committee, Yangtze River. 1928 On March 30th, a traitor was arrested for betraying the country and fought tenaciously with the enemy in prison. 1 died heroically on May 30th, at the age of 33.
background
■ The passion released by ideological emancipation broke the feudal shackles and wrote a romantic poem about revolution and love.
Xiang Jingyu shines with new women's pursuit of a new society. Revolution and great women, two remarkable features, interweave into the main theme of Xiang Jingyu's short life journey.
As a revolutionary, she fought bravely and dedicated herself to her ideals like a man of the party, and her comrades especially missed her. 1939, Mao Zedong spoke highly of Xiang Jingyu's life in Yan 'an to commemorate the March 8th Festival. In July of the same year, Zhou Enlai pointed out at the meeting to celebrate the founding of Yan 'an Women's University: Xiang Jingyu was the first female member of the Central Committee of our Party and the first female minister, who died heroically. Let's not forget her.
Xiang Jingyu's love life was born in a specific era from the May 4th Movement to the Great Revolution. At that time, the passion released by ideological liberation broke through the feudal shackles and wrote romantic poems about revolution and love. Xiang Jingyu not only dares to choose love freely, but also dares to accept the reality of breaking up.
Looking back at the decrees and declarations in the early days of the China Revolution, one of the important contents that impacted the feudal tradition was-"Marriage and divorce are completely free!" The latter is more important. Because some people in feudal society shouted freedom of marriage, only revolutionaries could advocate freedom of divorce. Living in today's stable society, it is often difficult for people to understand the spiritual pursuit of women's liberation in that generation.
However, a basic principle of Marxism is always applicable, that is, the measure of women's liberation is an important symbol of social liberation.
story
■ Look for "grinding bean curd" instead of "Mrs. General"
The wedding photo "Cai Xiang League" shows them reading an open book "Das Kapital" together.
■ Before the execution, she took out photos of two children, kissed them on her lips and muttered to herself.
The love between Xiang Jingyu and Cai Hesen has always been a much-told story, and its revolutionary romantic passion still looks emotional today. When Xiang Jingyu was the principal in Xupu County, her hometown, Zhou Zefan, the deputy commander of the fifth district of Xiangxi, took a fancy to her and wanted to marry her, and Xiang's stepmother also wanted to take this opportunity to climb the mountain. Xiang Jingyu broke into Zhoufu alone, saying that he would "promise other countries and never marry". At that time, Zhou Zefan was still a new official, but Xiang Jingyu despised the warlord forces and opposed marrying someone without love.
19 19 autumn, Xiang Jingyu and Cai Hesen went to France for work-study programs in the same boat. During the long journey, they watched the sunrise together, discussed academic and political issues together and looked forward to a bright future. They shared the same goal and developed feelings. However, the two of them opposed the old-fashioned marriage and wanted to implement a new "alliance" of love and ideals. 1June, 920, they officially got married in Mondani, France. The wedding photo shows that they are reading an open Das Kapital. The two also collected and published the poems they gave each other in the process of love, named "Part One", and later people called their combination "an alliance with Cai". When Xiang's stepmother learned this, she said angrily, "The ready-made general's wife can't do it, but she will find one from grinding bean curd!" (Cai Hesen was working in a French tofu company. )
Mao Zedong was very happy when he heard the news. 1October 26th, 1920+ 165438, he wrote: "The marriage system based on capitalism is absolutely unacceptable. Theoretically, the most unreasonable rape is protected by law, while the most reasonable free love is forbidden ... I am very happy to hear the news of "alliance with Cai". The "refusal to marry" mentioned here is a love combination that opposes old-fashioned marriage and pursues freedom.
Xiang Jingyu and Cai Hesen broke up in Moscow on 1926 due to different living habits and other reasons. Although the "alliance" of life is gone, the alliance of revolutionary ideals still exists. Knowing that Xiang Jingyu died, Cai Hesen was deeply saddened and wrote an article mourning My Wife.
Xiang Jingyu has always been deeply responsible for the children at home. Before the execution, in prison, she took out photos of two children, kissed them on her lips and muttered, "Nini, Bobo, mom wants you."
As a woman, Xiang Jingyu's pursuit of free love, free marriage and free childbirth is in step with her pursuit of ideals and her practice of the revolutionary road, which is exactly what a great revolutionary woman deserves.
■ Work during the day and learn French at night, and you can read French works in just a few months.
■ When the court questioned, Xiang Jingyu asked the consul of the French Concession in fluent French: "Have you forgotten the history of the French Revolution?"
On the way to "May Day", she sang "Internationale", and the enemy hurriedly stuffed stones into her mouth and tied her cheek with a belt.
When Xiang Jingyu worked part-time in France, he worked during the day and studied French at night. In just a few months, he can read the French version of the Manifesto of the Producers' Party, The Origin of the Family, Private Ownership and the State and other works. Because she studied hard and worked day and night, she was "too hurt" and almost "unable to hold on", but she still thought it was not enough to catch up with the situation. In a letter to China Mao Zedong, she wrote: "After that, I was still afraid of flying an airship to chase it;" And the energy is limited, and it is not enough to give you what you want. What can you do? Only hard ears! " After returning to China, Xiang Jingyu devoted himself to his work. Cai Hesen once jokingly said to a friend, "Warning, I often study problems in the middle of the night and sometimes discuss them. I don't get enough sleep. It's really bitter! "
1in the spring of 928, due to the rebellion of Song, a traffic policeman of the provincial party committee, the Kuomintang authorities colluded with the French Concession and arrested Xiang Jingyu. In court interrogation, Xiang Jingyu first questioned the concession authorities in Chinese, and then in fluent French. This is China's land. What right do you have to interrogate China revolutionaries? Have you forgotten the whole history of the French Revolution? Don't you French advocate freedom, equality and fraternity? Didn't you say freedom of belief?
The French consul also admired her and thought that she should not be extradited as a political prisoner. However, after all, the French colonial authorities colluded with the Kuomintang government politically, then changed the consul and handed Xiang Jingyu over to the Kuomintang warlords in Guangxi.
In prison, Xiang Jingyu spoke out bravely, and the prison guards stood in awe of her. Many workers in Wuhan, because of their close relationship with her, planned to rob the prison and rescue it. In hatred and fear, Guangxi warlords chose to kill them publicly on May 1 day.
On the way to the execution ground, Xiang Jingyu sang the Internationale and shouted slogans. The enemy quickly stuffed stones into her mouth and tied her cheeks with a belt. This heroic scene made many people gathered on the roadside cry. That night, some workers risked their lives to carry her body away for burial. Since then, the martyrs have been buried in the "Red Warrior Cemetery" west of Guishan.