Li Bai, a poet, is a well-known example in textbooks and is also common in college entrance examination compositions in recent years.
Material: Li Bai's indomitable pride.
Topic 1: Expectation and self-knowledge of others (Chongqing examination paper in 2004)
Is it a singer who sings on a donkey in the wild sand and the north wind blows geese? Is it a sea fishing with neon as the line and rainbow as the hook? Are you a traveler who travels all over the mountains and rivers, singing and walking? In that era of fireworks in March, people expected you to sing praises, please the emperor, and exchange for high officials and generous salaries; And you, on the other hand, have to go to a tall building alone, take off your boots and grind ink in the morning, and put a white deer between the green cliffs in the wild. So you are doomed to be lonely, "until, holding up my cup, I ask the moon to drink three cups", but you proudly say, "What are bells and drums, rare dishes and treasures? I hope you will never wake up after being drunk. " When we look back at the Tang Dynasty, it is not the emperor who stands in the middle of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but you! Wine into the luxury chest, divided into seven months, the remaining three into firm but gentle, embroidered mouth half Tang Dynasty.
Topic 2: Encountering setbacks and amplifying pain (2004 national examination paper)
Li Bai, the romantic poet, was silent after his career was not smooth? Are you depressed? Instead of "Chang 'an going to sleep in a restaurant", laugh at the pain, leave in the face of setbacks, travel around famous mountains and rivers, and finally achieve eternal romantic feelings.
Topic 3: One branch, one leaf and one world (Zhejiang examination paper in 2005)
Li Bai saw the Yellow River, so he introduced most of the Milky Way into his heart and irrigated the romantic feelings of several generations. Only the water of the Yellow River kept a bright moon in this "fallen fairy" glass, from which he tasted the bitterness and bitterness of the world.
Topic 4: Fujian examination paper in 2005 (see photo composition)
Violet laymen, who are "not in power but expensive", once criticized Confucius, and once asked Yang Yuhuan, who was "riding a princess in the world of mortals and laughing", to grind ink for him and let Gao Lishi take off his boots. This is a "heretical" move and an absurd trip. But Taibai saw that the world was cold and left angrily. There is no Yi 'an layman's "What a sad sentence this time?"
Topic 5: Inside and Outside (Hubei Examination Paper in 2005)
"One day, I will ride the long wind, break through the stormy waves, sail straight and build a bridge on the deep sea." Li Bai, a high-spirited young man, has infinite hope for the future. He has hopes for his career. He hopes to use his talents to serve the country and spread life. However, after years of travel, Li Bai has grown up and lived happily, but he is also inevitably depressed ... We see that he is always free and easy, constantly abandoned by the world, but constantly regaining hope. Perhaps his philosophy of life is "life in the universe"
To do this, we need to find laws and summarize methods.
1, determine the thinking and grasp the essence.
No matter what kind of material you choose, you should first consider the intention of the article, and then choose the focus of the material according to your own needs to analyze the essence of the character's spirit or behavior. For example, the use of materials in the second topic, Li Bai's "Stay on the Green Cliff", reflects the open-mindedness shown by other setbacks.
2. From the outside to the inside, dig deep into the deep meaning
That is, through the appearance of objective things, from phenomenon to essence, to explore the deep meaning of things. Meaning is always deeper than direct image, and it can only be obtained by digging from the outside to the inside. For example, the use of topic 4, Li Bai can leave smartly because of his core idea of not serving the powerful.
3. From another angle, find another way.
From another angle, it is to examine and think about objective things with a new perspective and orientation, see things that people have never seen before, and gain new meaning. To change the angle, we must break the one-way and one-dimensional mindset, find a new breakthrough, cut in from a small place, and make our own ideas different.
For example, topic one, the author reveals the theme by writing the contrast between the expectations of the world and Li Bai's own understanding of the value of life, which can be said to be unconventional.
4, put pen to paper, see the micro-knowledge.
Seeing the big from the small, extending the meaning becomes a big problem, revealing the general meaning. You can also choose a profile, a poem, a sentence, which can be extended and used by me.
For example, the third topic is based on Li Bai's poem "Into the Wine". The entry point is very small, but it not only fits the meaning of the topic, but also makes the material turn out new ideas.
When we open our Chinese textbooks, many scholars, poets and people with lofty ideals can enter the text, such as Tao Qian in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty. They can flexibly use such topics as "status and value", "forgetting and remembering", "persistence and flexibility" and "one branch, one leaf and one world". Candidates can use it for me as long as they have a thorough understanding of the life stories and works of one or more celebrities, without deliberately pursuing examples.
In fact, in addition to the materials in the textbook, the content of the textbook can be extended and multi-material.
In 2004, the composition of Hubei volume in the college entrance examination was titled "buying a mirror", and some students thought the topic was more difficult. In fact, the first volume of senior high school Chinese published by People's Education Publishing House has learned Zhuangzi's Autumn Water, and the second volume has also learned Liu Zheng's prose "Buying Water in Zhuangzhou". "When autumn comes, all the rivers flow into this river, and between the two Zhu Ya. But when I saw the vast sea, I realized my smallness, and I began to criticize myself and my arrogance. If I don't see the vastness of the sea, my mistake will never be corrected, and I will "laugh at the generous family". Poseidon at this time is a mirror of Herb. Through this mirror, Hebo saw his shortcomings and corrected them.
While reading Aesop's Fables, Qian Zhongshu told a story about a dog and its shadow. The original intention of this fable is to stop greed, but now we can extend it and apply it to other aspects. It is said that everyone needs a mirror, so they can look at themselves at any time and know what they are. However, people who can know themselves do not need to look in the mirror at all. It's no use looking in the mirror for what you don't know. People are self-aware and have a mirror in their hearts. Similarly, Zou Ji satirizes Qi Wang's "ability to understand gains and losses and prosperity", and Zou Ji is a mirror. These words can be associated with "buying a mirror" to extract different views from different angles.
Third, analyze the text structure and strengthen the sense of style.
From the topic of 1999 national college entrance examination composition "If memory can be transplanted", most examination room compositions do not restrict style, and the requirements for style tend to fade, but fading does not mean that styles are not divided. Many students have a weak sense of style, especially a lack of sense of style, and the articles they write are often four unlike. Then, how to write argumentative essays, essays and narratives? In fact, we can still find the answer from the textbook.
If you want to write an argumentative essay, Su Xun's Romance of the Six Kingdoms is the best model. The article comes straight to the point and puts forward the central argument that "the six countries are shattered, and the disadvantage lies in bribing Qin." Then, it puts forward sub-arguments from two aspects: "the briber" and "the non-briber". The second paragraph demonstrates the first argument, the third paragraph proves the second argument, and the fourth and fifth paragraphs draw conclusions and give warnings. The style of writing is fluent and accomplished in one go. Many such examples are models for us to learn to write argumentative essays, so I won't go into details here.
If you want to write prose, Yu Dafu's Autumn in the Old Capital is the best model. Article is the most common mode of thinking: forever-split-forever. The first paragraph and the second paragraph begin with your feelings about autumn in the north and autumn in the south respectively, expressing your love for autumn in the old capital. Then from the third paragraph to the twelfth paragraph, I enjoyed autumn in the small courtyard, and I knew autumn in autumn, crying bitterly. The thirteenth paragraph gives consideration to the first and second paragraphs, compares the autumn in the north and the south, and writes the feelings in the last paragraph, once again expressing the love and obsession with the autumn in the old capital. The context of the full text is clear, taking care of the beginning and the end, and it is clear at a glance, and the shape is scattered but the spirit is not scattered.
Looking at the college entrance examination compositions in recent years, some excellent compositions have won the favor of examiners with rich cultural background, profound thoughts and feelings and high language control ability. Some excellent compositions are materials excavated from textbooks. So, taking textbooks as the source, why worry that the sky and clouds are not hovering in your pen? 、
I hope I can help you! thank you