Forbidden style poetry
Baizhan style
It is also called "forbidden object" and "forbidden font", and is simply called forbidden style. A type of poetry written within certain prohibitions. Restrict certain words not to be included in poetry, or restrict certain words to be included in poetry.
"Bai Zhan Style" is a poetry style created by Song poetry critics that avoids imitating previous works and requires poets to be innovative in terms of words. It reflects the pioneering consciousness of creating new poetic styles in the practice of Song Dynasty poets. As a practice of language defamiliarization, "Bai Zhan Style" is of great significance in the history of literature and theoretical criticism of literature and art. This is usually underestimated by the general history of literary criticism. According to the autonotes to the poem "Snow" by Ouyang Xiu of the Song Dynasty, "Six One Poetry Talk" and Su Shi's "Poem Narrative of Snow in Juxingtang" of the Song Dynasty, the prohibitions are roughly not to use common words in ordinary poetry. The names and physical words such as chanting snow, plowing plum blossoms in the jade moon, practicing white dance, etc. are intended to be surprising in the face of difficulty. "Liuyi Shihua" records: At that time, Xu Dong, a Jinshi scholar, was good at writing poems and poems, and he was also a handsome scholar. Because the poets and monks divided the topics, they came up with a piece of paper and said: "Don't violate this word." The words are mountain, water, wind, cloud, bamboo, stone, flower, grass, snow, frost, star, moon, bird. , birds and so on, so all the monks wrote in the pavilion.
The earliest existing forbidden-style poems are "Snow" by Ouyang Xiu of the Song Dynasty, but forbidden-style poems have long existed. Before Ouyang Xiu, there were already people writing forbidden-style poems.
Forbidden poetry began with Ouyang Xiu in the Song Dynasty and was named after Su Shi.
Poetry developed into the hands of Ouyang Xiu and others in the Song Dynasty, and it also began to change. Ouyang Xiu advocated innovation. He was dissatisfied with the White Rabbit poems written by people at that time that "all took Chang'e's Moon Palace as the theme" ("With Mei Shengyu", "Ouyang Xiuji·Shu Jian Volume 6"), and proposed to write "forbidden style poems", That is, Su Shi quoted in the preface to "The Snow in the Juxingtang" that "the story of the forbidden body is particularly beautiful in the difficult times." In ancient Chinese literary theory, the body has all the meanings of style, style and expression techniques, and the forbidden body refers to expression. Technique.
Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi and others in the Northern Song Dynasty created this special method of describing objects - "forbidden style" (also known as "Bai Zhan style"). Its method is to write metrical poems with propositions and forbidden words. Style poetry is an agreement before writing a poem that it is forbidden to use certain words (common and commonly used words that are usually used to describe its appearance) when describing a certain object. They must not be included in the poem, or stipulate that certain words must be included in the poem. It is intended to advocate a new style of poetry that seeks novelty and avoids familiarity. When Ouyang Xiu was the prefect of Yingzhou in the Song Dynasty, he drank with guests and wrote poems about snow, banning the words pear, plum, goose, crane, Lian, and Xu. Later, Su Shi succeeded Ouyang Zhonggong as the prefect. During rain and snow, he also invited guests to write poems and banned body stories. Because poets regard physical objects as craftsmanship, discarding them and not using them, treating them as forbidden rules, just like fighting with bare hands without holding an inch of iron. Later, he used forbidden poetry as a white war.
Qing Dynasty Zhao Yi's "Yi Yu Cong Kao" has this record: Forbidden poetry began when Ouyang Gongshou Ru Yin day, because of the light snow, he would drink in Juxingtang and compose poems, and he was not allowed to use jade, moon, The words pear, plum, lian, catkins, white, dance, goose, crane, etc. are also the words that Ou Gong said "to escape from the preface and laugh at the dust, to search the high cold and see the dark desert". "Liuyi Shihua" records that the Jinshi Xu Dong met with the monks to divide the topics, issued a piece of paper, and made an agreement: "This word must not be violated." So all the monks all wrote in the pavilion. The characters are landscapes, clouds, bamboos, stones, flowers, grass, frost, snow, stars, moon, birds, and the like.