English: walt whitman (1810) ~1892.
English: walt whitman.
American poet. Born in a small seaside village on Long Island, USA. Father is a local farmer. When Whitman was five years old, his family moved to Brooklyn, where his father worked as a carpenter and built a house, and Whitman started elementary school there. Because of poverty, Whitman only attended primary school for five years. He worked as a messenger, studied typesetting, and later worked as a village teacher and editor. This kind of life experience made him widely contact with people and nature, which had a great influence on his later poetry creation. 184 1 year later, he returned to new york and started printing. He soon became a journalist and began to write. A few years later, he became the editor-in-chief of the Eagle, a well-known newspaper, and kept writing papers and short comments against the slavery and exploitation of employers. In the late 1940s, he joined the "Free Land Party", opposed American slavery and advocated land reform. From 65438 to 0848, revolutions broke out in western European countries, which had a great influence on Whitman. He published articles in newspapers to eulogize the European revolution and wrote many poems to express his feelings, including Europe, France, the modern year and so on. From 65438 to 0850, he left the press and returned to his father's old job as a carpenter and architect. During this period, he created his masterpiece Leaves of Grass (1855). The American Civil War broke out in 186 1. After the end of the civil war, he published a poem "Yaqui Valley" reflecting the civil war at his own expense (1865). A few months later, he published sequels, including the famous Lincoln memorial "When Lilacs Bloomed in the Yard Recently" and "Ah, Captain, My Captain".
Due to overwork during the civil war, Whitman suffered from hemiplegia in 1873 and spent nearly 20 years in his sickbed. Whitman died in Camden on March 26th, 892.
Whitman's democratic thought has two main sources. When he was a teenager, he listened to Thomas Paine's music many times and was a frequent visitor to his family. His radical democratic tendency and utopian socialist thought left a profound influence on him, which made him determined to become a Paine-style democratic fighter from an early age. In adulthood, it coincides with the rise of transcendentalism. Fascinated by Emerson's theory, he loved nature and ordinary working people more and strengthened his democratic stand.
Whitman started his literary creation from 1839, wrote some short poems and participated in local political activities. From 65438 to 0842, he was the editor of new york Dawn. At the beginning of 1846, he was the editor of Brocklein Daily Eagle. He was dismissed from his post in June 1848 because he published an article against slavery in this newspaper. Later, he served as the editor-in-chief of Freeman, and finally left the press because of his political disagreement with 1840.
Since 1850, Whitman has been engaged in manual labor, carpentry and architecture on the one hand, and launched his vigorous poetry creation activities on the other. He began to publish free poems in newspapers to express his love for nature and praise for free and democratic life. After the civil war broke out, he actively supported Lincoln's idea of liberating slaves and took part in the battle himself. Expressed his ideal of pursuing democracy and progress. During the Civil War, the poet went to new york Baihui Hospital for nursing, and later served in a military hospital in Washington. 1873, Whitman was unfortunately hemiplegic and moved to Camden, New Jersey to recuperate. He died of serious illness on 1892.
Whitman's first book of poetry was Leaves of Grass. When 1855 was published in new york, there were only 94 poems, including 12 poems. To 1882 version, increased to 372 songs. 186 1 year, the American civil war broke out. During this period, he wrote the Drum Album, which truly recorded the revolutionary war. After President Lincoln was assassinated, he wrote, "Ah, Captain! My captain! Poems such as "Today's Barracks are Quiet" express deep condolences to Lincoln. In the famous poem The Mysterious Trumpeter, he described the future free world optimistically. Whitman is a famous American democratic poet. He praised democracy and freedom, which reflected the American people's desire for democracy. He praised people's creative work, and his poems gave people a positive and energetic spirit.
In his later years, Whitman saw the serious disadvantages brought by the development of capitalism, and the idealized society was far from coming. He wrote articles attacking it and put forward plans for improvement. He struggled to realize the democratic ideal all his life.
Whitman's name has long been known to the people of China. During the May 4th Movement, the poet Guo Moruo praised Whitman as a literary revolutionary in his famous poem Ode to Gangsters.
Whitman, an American native poet, created a new poetic style: free verse. That is, we get rid of the constraints and constraints of meter and rhyme, and people's thoughts and language can be freely played. Leaves of Grass laid the foundation of American poetry and had a considerable influence on the poetry art in the United States and other countries.